Fix doc links in README file to work with new website layout

Per report from Colin 't Hart
doc: Fix typo.

Reported by Thom Brown.
Try again to make pg_isolation_regress work its build directory.

We can't search for the isolationtester binary until after we've set
up the environment, because otherwise when find_other_exec() tries
to invoke it with the -V option, it might fail for inability to
locate a working libpq.  So postpone that step.

Andres Freund
gitattributes: Make syntax compatible with older Git versions

Avoid the use of **, which was only introduced in Git version 1.8.2.
Move variable closer to where it is used

This avoids an unused variable warning on Windows when building without
asserts

From: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com>
Fix bug in GIN posting tree root creation.

The root page is filled with as many items as fit, and the rest are inserted
using normal insertions. However, I fumbled the variable names, and the code
actually memcpy'd all the items on the page, overflowing the buffer. While
at it, rename the variable to make the distinction more clear.

Reported by Teodor Sigaev. This bug was introduced by my recent
refactorings, so no backpatching required.
Free ignorelist after each regression test schedule.

It's a trivial amount of RAM held until the end of the regression
test run; but it's probably worth fixing to silence future warnings
from code analyzers.

This was the only memory leak pointed out by clang's static code
analysis tool.
docs:  clarify MVCC introduction to allow for per-statement snapshots
Fix relfilenodemap.c's handling of cache invalidations.

The old code entered a new hash table entry first, then scanned
pg_class to determine what value to fill in, and then populated the
entry.  This fails to work properly if a cache invalidation happens
as a result of opening pg_class.  Repair.

Along the way, get rid of the idea of blowing away the entire hash
table as a method of processing invalidations.  Instead, just delete
all the entries one by one.  This is probably not quite as cheap but
it's simpler, and shouldn't happen often.

Andres Freund
Fix isolation check for MSVC to handle recent changes.
Clarify CREATE FUNCTION documentation about handling of typmods.

The previous text was a bit misleading, as well as unnecessarily vague
about what information would be discarded.  Per gripe from Craig Skinner.
Fix whitespace
Fix incorrect column name in psql \d code.

pg_index.indisreplident had at one time in its development been called
indisidentity.  describe.c got missed when it was renamed.
Bug introduced in commit 07cacba983ef79be4a84fcd0e0ca3b5fcb85dd65.

Andres Freund
Add a regression test case for \d on an index.

Previous commit shows the need for this.  The coverage isn't really
thorough, but it's better than nothing.
Use a hash table to store current sequence values.

This speeds up nextval() and currval(), when you touch a lot of different
sequences in the same backend.

David Rowley
Fix bogus hash table creation.

Andres Freund
doc: Restore proper alphabetical order.

Colin 't Hart
Fix buffer overrun in isolation test program.

Commit 061b88c732952c59741374806e1e41c1ec845d50 saved argv0 to a
global buffer without ensuring that it was zero terminated,
allowing references to it to overrun the buffer and access other
memory.  This probably would not have presented any security risk,
but could have resulted in very confusing failures if the path to
the executable was very long.

Reported by David Rowley
Minor comment corrections for sequence hashtable patch.

There were enough typos in the comments to annoy me ...
Prevent leakage of cached plans and execution trees in plpgsql DO blocks.

plpgsql likes to cache query plans and simple-expression execution state
trees across calls.  This is a considerable win for multiple executions
of the same function.  However, it's useless for DO blocks, since by
definition those are executed only once and discarded.  Nonetheless,
we were allowing a DO block's expression execution trees to survive
until end of transaction, resulting in a significant intra-transaction
memory leak, as reported by Yeb Havinga.  Worse, if the DO block exited
with an error, the compiled form of the block's code was leaked till
end of session --- along with subsidiary plancache entries.

To fix, make DO blocks keep their expression execution trees in a private
EState that's deleted at exit from the block, and add a PG_TRY block
to plpgsql_inline_handler to make sure that memory cleanup happens
even on error exits.  Also add a regression test covering error handling
in a DO block, because my first try at this broke that.  (The test is
not meant to prove that we don't leak memory anymore, though it could
be used for that with a much larger loop count.)

Ideally we'd back-patch this into all versions supporting DO blocks;
but the patch needs to add a field to struct PLpgSQL_execstate, and that
would break ABI compatibility for third-party plugins such as the plpgsql
debugger.  Given the small number of complaints so far, fixing this in
HEAD only seems like an acceptable choice.