Hmm, if I use double-single-apostrophes then the ./make_paper.sh script's latex output is wrong - the apostrophes are passed through to latex, which dutifully renders right-double-quotes regardless of whether they are left or right of a word.

If I put latex-style quotes into the rst, then it's syntactically invalid because the double-left-tick begins a code block.

This seems like a rendering bug: The double-quote renders fine in rst, so I think they should be transformed to double-apostrophes or double left-ticks with some kind of regexp or something before latex sees them.