ceph: let osd client clean up for interrupted request

In ceph_sync_write(), if a safe callback is supplied with a request,
and an error is returned by ceph_osdc_wait_request(), a block of
code is executed to remove the request from the unsafe writes list
and drop references to capabilities acquired just prior to a call to
ceph_osdc_wait_request().

The only function used for this callback is sync_write_commit(),
and it does *exactly* what that block of error handling code does.

Now in ceph_osdc_wait_request(), if an error occurs (due to an
interupt during a wait_for_completion_interruptible() call),
complete_request() gets called, and that calls the request's
safe_callback method if it's defined.

So this means that this cleanup activity gets called twice in this
case, which is erroneous (and in fact leads to a crash).

Fix this by just letting the osd client handle the cleanup in
the event of an interrupt.

This resolves one problem mentioned in:
    http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/4706

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zheng.z.yan@intel.com>
libceph: change how "safe" callback is used

An osd request currently has two callbacks.  They inform the
initiator of the request when we've received confirmation for the
target osd that a request was received, and when the osd indicates
all changes described by the request are durable.

The only time the second callback is used is in the ceph file system
for a synchronous write.  There's a race that makes some handling of
this case unsafe.  This patch addresses this problem.  The error
handling for this callback is also kind of gross, and this patch
changes that as well.

In ceph_sync_write(), if a safe callback is requested we want to add
the request on the ceph inode's unsafe items list.  Because items on
this list must have their tid set (by ceph_osd_start_request()), the
request added *after* the call to that function returns.  The
problem with this is that there's a race between starting the
request and adding it to the unsafe items list; the request may
already be complete before ceph_sync_write() even begins to put it
on the list.

To address this, we change the way the "safe" callback is used.
Rather than just calling it when the request is "safe", we use it to
notify the initiator the bounds (start and end) of the period during
which the request is *unsafe*.  So the initiator gets notified just
before the request gets sent to the osd (when it is "unsafe"), and
again when it's known the results are durable (it's no longer
unsafe).  The first call will get made in __send_request(), just
before the request message gets sent to the messenger for the first
time.  That function is only called by __send_queued(), which is
always called with the osd client's request mutex held.

We then have this callback function insert the request on the ceph
inode's unsafe list when we're told the request is unsafe.  This
will avoid the race because this call will be made under protection
of the osd client's request mutex.  It also nicely groups the setup
and cleanup of the state associated with managing unsafe requests.

The name of the "safe" callback field is changed to "unsafe" to
better reflect its new purpose.  It has a Boolean "unsafe" parameter
to indicate whether the request is becoming unsafe or is now safe.
Because the "msg" parameter wasn't used, we drop that.

This resolves the original problem reportedin:
    http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/4706

Reported-by: Yan, Zheng <zheng.z.yan@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zheng.z.yan@intel.com>
ceph: take i_mutex before getting Fw cap

There is deadlock as illustrated bellow. The fix is taking i_mutex
before getting Fw cap reference.

      write                    truncate                 MDS
---------------------     --------------------      --------------
get Fw cap
                          lock i_mutex
lock i_mutex (blocked)
                          request setattr.size  ->
                                                <-   revoke Fw cap

Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zheng.z.yan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
ceph: apply write checks in ceph_aio_write

copy write checks in __generic_file_aio_write to ceph_aio_write.
To make these checks cover sync write path.

Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zheng.z.yan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
ceph: fix race between writepages and truncate

ceph_writepages_start() reads inode->i_size in two places. It can get
different values between successive read, because truncate can change
inode->i_size at any time. The race can lead to mismatch between data
length of osd request and pages marked as writeback. When osd request
finishes, it clear writeback page according to its data length. So
some pages can be left in writeback state forever. The fix is only
read inode->i_size once, save its value to a local variable and use
the local variable when i_size is needed.

Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zheng.z.yan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>