(maint) Update branch strategy to be the git flow process

Without this patch it's still a bit confusing how to deal with a bug fix
that is merged into stable.  The merge up process documented in
COMMITTERS requires us to reset the stable branch on a new release.

We can avoid this reset if we switch fully to the process described by
[git flow](http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/). The
major difference described in this commit is that bug fixes are reset
onto stable, then merged as-is into both `stable` and `master` without a
merge-up of stable into master or a rebase of the change set back onto
master.

This process avoids the reset, allows both `stable` and `master` to have
infinite lifetimes, and keeps the history clean and free of duplicate
commits.

Relates to GH-1591