SI-7509 Avoid crasher as erronous args flow through NamesDefaults

The fix for SI-7238 caused this regression.

This commit marks taints whole Apply with an ErrorType if it
has an erroneous argument, so as to stop a later crash trying
to further process the tree.
SI-7486 Regressions in implicit search.

Revert e86832d7e8 and dd33e280e2.
Merge pull request #2588 from retronym/ticket/7509

SI-7509 Avoid crasher as erronous args flow through NamesDefaults
Merge pull request #2590 from paulp/issue/7486

SI-7486 Regressions in implicit search.
SI-7516 Revert "SI-7234 Make named args play nice w. depmet types"

This reverts commit 83c9c764b528a7a1c1d39c480d22c8e3a71d5a58.

The tests are shunted to 'pending'.

Why revert this seemingly innocous commit? 83c9c764 generates a ValDef whose
tpt TypeTree has no original; this contains a reference to the symbol for `d`.
resetAttrs and the retypecheck assigns a new symbol for d and leaves a the
reference to the prior symbol dangling. The real bug is the resetAttrs concept.
Merge pull request #2601 from retronym/ticket/7516

SI-7516 Revert "SI-7234 Make named args play nice w. depmet types"
SI-7517 Fix higher kinded type inference regression

 - Discovered in 2.10.2-RC1
 - Ostensibly regressed in 7e52fb910b, which conceptually reverted
   part of 0cde930b so that (mutable) TypeVars don't use structural equality.
 - But, does *not* fail if 7e52fb910b is cherry-picked directly after 0cde930b,
   suggesting that it shone a light on a behaviour change in some other commit
   in between the two.
 - Indeed, the true regression came in https://github.com/scala/scala/commit/e5da30b843#L5L3176
 - A targeted revert of e5da30b843 is undesirable, as we'd like SI-6846 to stay fixed

What's happening here? In the enclosed test case, higher kinded type
inference explores two possibilities:

    Composed.this.Split[A]
    K[[T]A[B[T]]]           // `Split[A]` dealiased

The difference in the flow of type inference can be seen from the diff
below. Notice how now we no longer register `?K.addBound(Composed.this.Split)`,
we instead only register `?K.addBound(K)`

```patch
--- sandbox/old.log 2013-05-30 00:27:34.000000000 +0200
+++ sandbox/new.log 2013-05-30 00:28:28.000000000 +0200
@@ -1,55 +1,114 @@
 ?K.unifyFull(Composed.this.Split[A])
   ?K.unifySpecific(Composed.this.Split[A])
-  ?K.addBound(Composed.this.Split)
     ?B.unifyFull(T)
       ?B.unifySpecific(T)
       `-> false
     ?B.unifyFull(Any)
       ?B.unifySpecific(Any)
       `-> false
   `-> false
   ?K.unifySpecific(L[[T]A[B[T]]])
-  ?K.addBound(L)
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
+  ?K.addBound(L)
   `-> true
 ?K.unifyFull(Composed.this.Split[A])
   ?K.unifySpecific(Composed.this.Split[A])
-  ?K.addBound(Composed.this.Split)
     ?B.unifyFull(x)
       ?B.unifySpecific(x)
       `-> false
   `-> false
   ?K.unifySpecific(L[[T]A[B[T]]])
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
   ?K.addBound(L)
+  `-> true
+?K.unifyFull(Composed.this.Split[A])
+  ?K.unifySpecific(Composed.this.Split[A])
+    ?B.unifyFull(T)
+      ?B.unifySpecific(T)
+      `-> false
+    ?B.unifyFull(Any)
+      ?B.unifySpecific(Any)
+      `-> false
+  `-> false
+  ?K.unifySpecific(L[[T]A[B[T]]])
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
     ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
       ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
       ?B.addBound(B)
       `-> true
+  ?K.addBound(L)
+  `-> true
+?K.unifyFull(Composed.this.Split[A])
+  ?K.unifySpecific(Composed.this.Split[A])
+    ?B.unifyFull(x)
+      ?B.unifySpecific(x)
+      `-> false
+  `-> false
+  ?K.unifySpecific(L[[T]A[B[T]]])
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
+    ?B.unifyFull(B[T])
+      ?B.unifySpecific(B[T])
+      ?B.addBound(B)
+      `-> true
+  ?K.addBound(L)
+  `-> true
+?K.unifyFull(L[A])
+  ?K.unifySpecific(L[A])
+  ?K.addBound(L)
+  `-> true
+?K.unifyFull(L[A])
+  ?K.unifySpecific(L[A])
+  ?K.addBound(L)
   `-> true
```
Merge pull request #2607 from retronym/ticket/7517

SI-7517 Fix higher kinded type inference regression
SI-7532 Fix regression in Java inner classfile reader

395e90a modified the detection of top-level classes in
ClassfileParser in two ways:
  1. used `Name#containsChar` rather than `toString.indexOf ...` (good!)
  2. decoded the name before doing this check (bad!)

That code is actually only run for non-Scala classfiles, whose
names don't need decoding. Attempting to do so converted `R$attr`
to `R@tr`, which no longer contains a '$', and was wrongly treated
as a top level class.

This commit reverts the use of `decodedName`, and inlines the method
to its only call site for clarity.
Merge pull request #2608 from retronym/ticket/7532

SI-7532 Fix regression in Java inner classfile reader
Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/2.10.2' into merge/2.10.2-to-2.10.x

Better late than never.

Conflicts:
	src/compiler/scala/tools/nsc/typechecker/NamesDefaults.scala
SI-7486 More tests for cycles triggered by implicit search

Moved an existing test from `pending` to `pos`. Not sure why
it was moved to `pending` in the first place.

Adds a new test distilled from building Scalaz with 2.10.3-RC1.
Merge pull request #2860 from retronym/merge/2.10.2-to-2.10.x

Merge/2.10.2 to 2.10.x