Material uniforms tweak.

While the way Material deals with uniforms needs to be completely refactored (for a variety of reasons which I won't go into here but will write up an issue for later), a small tweak to the current architecture can provide a huge performance boost.  The tweak here is that getUniformType goes through an incredibly slow process to determine what type of variable a uniform value is and it does this for every uniform every frame.  This change simply caches the result.  As far as I know this change has no ill affects and everything looks good to me.

Here's how I profiled.
1. Download http://bl.ocks.org/mbostock/raw/4090846/us.json and load it into Cesium Viewer.
2. Profile in master, on my machine getUniformType takes up ~33.0% of the time and frame rate is about 4.5 fps.
3. Profile in this branch, on my machine getUniformType takes up ~0.01% of the time and frame rate is about 7.0 fps.