cryptsetup: Move password query out of main

Also use _cleanup_free_ where possible.
cryptsetup: Move attaching of the device out of main
cryptsetup: Add tcrypt support

Tcrypt uses a different approach to passphrases/key files. The
passphrase and all key files are incorporated into the "password"
to open the volume. So, the idea of slots that provide a way to
open the volume with different passphrases/key files that are
independent from each other like with LUKS does not apply.

Therefore, we use the key file from /etc/crypttab as the source
for the passphrase. The actual key files that are combined with
the passphrase into a password are provided as a new option in
/etc/crypttab and can be given multiple times if more than one
key file is used by a volume.