Throw exception if value is passed to VALUE_NONE input optin, long syntax

| Q             | A
| ------------- | ---
| Bug fix?      | yes
| New feature?  | no
| BC breaks?    | yes
| Deprecations? | no
| Tests pass?   | yes
| Fixed tickets | 8135
| License       | MIT

Input options with InputOption::VALUE_NONE accept values in both short and long syntaxes:
- When using the long syntax, no exception is thrown;
- When using short, a "The %s option does not exist" exception is thrown.

This PR only addresses the long syntax case. The short syntax case would require considerable refactoring of the parse code, which I believe should be discussed.

I included a test that illustrates the above mentioned problem for the long syntax scenario.