Locale changes (wording, add missing translations/tooltips)

* Add parenthetical codes to some enums where users are likely to
look for those in directly
* Adjust wording for certain translations based on user feedback
* Add missing translations and tooltips
* Fix some incorrect diacritics in the language enum translations
* Fix a few errors where translation keys were spelled wrong
* Make the Users index view use the flash messages partial
Merge pull request #528 from anarchivist/june-locale-edits

Locale changes (wording, add missing translations/tooltips)