Add blocks added with 1.6, DRY up color variation setting

This cleans up the addition of color variations now that stained_clay and carpet use the same color modifier. This makes it easier to add new blocks in the future that use the same color values by simply adding the property name to extend them onto within the colorized_blocks array inside the closure. Other changes of note:

* All of the new blocks (hay, hardened clay, coal block, etc.) have been added.
* Fixed a typo in nether_fence.
* Removed direct descendant color aliases now that there are 3 block types with color variations.
* Updated all references to shorthand color aliases to use the full-syntax wool properties.