Initial "proof-of-concept" implementation.

This commit includes the bulk of the initial implementation of the
"Carbohydrate Utilization Program" component of the "Training
OPtimization System (TOPS)", and provides a simple command-line
interface for executing the program, along with a rudimentary and
skeletal version of the Android app.  Documentation is severely
lacking, not all of the capabilities have been implemented, and the
code needs a lot of cleaning up -- but I at least wanted to provide my
work up to this point to Dr. Hagberg.