First attempt at recoding project in R

The primary functions have been recoded in R and two functions NrParts() and conjugate() have parts of their code in c for speed.  The answers being returned by the functions look correct but they will need to be rigorously tested against the python code. 

I did not formally compare the speed of the python and R code but the little bit of comparisons I did do suggests that the pure python is faster than the pure R (i.e., no c algos), but if I use the c algos in R then its faster than the pure python as long as I don't use a dictionary in R to store the number of partitions (it appears to actually be faster at recalculating these values then looking them up in the dictionary in R).  I did not look at the cython version of the algos these may be the fastest but we should experiment to see.