fix(ngClass): ensure that ngClass only adds/removes the changed classes

ngClass works by removing all the former classes and then adding all the
new classes to the element during each watch change operation. This may
cause transition animations to never render. The ngClass directive will
now only add and remove the classes that change during each watch operation.

Closes #4960
Closes #4944
fix($compile): ensure CSS classes are added and removed only when necessary

When $compile interpolates a CSS class attribute expression it will
do so by comparing the CSS class value already present on the element.
This may lead to unexpected results when dealing with ngClass values being
added and removed therefore it is best that both compile and ngClass delegate
addClass/removeClass operations to the same block of code.

Closes #4952
fix($animate): ensure addClass/removeClass animations do not snap during reflow

Closes #4892
fix($animate): ensure transition animations are unblocked before the dom operation occurs

Transitions are blocked when the base CSS class is added at the start of the animation. This
causes an issue if the followup CSS class contains animatable-styles. Now, once the animation
active state is triggered (when the animation CSS dom operation occurs) the animation itself
will always trigger an animate without a quick jump.

Closes #5014
Closes #4265
fix(ngAnimate): use a fallback CSS property that doesn't break existing styles

The clip property seems to remove the box-shadow property when an absolute
positioned animation is ongoing. This fix changes the property to be border-spacing
which is also very underused. The border-spacing CSS property is only visible
when border-collapse is set to separate.

Closes #4902
Closes #5030
fix($animate): ensure keyframe animations are blocked around the reflow

Keyframe animations trigger on the first CSS class and not the second.
This may cause a slight flicker during a stagger animation since the
animation has already started before the stagger delay is considered.
This fix ensures that the animation is blocked until the active animation
starts which allows for staggering animations to take over properly.

Closes #5018