Rename wake_up() to notify_one()

To align to C++ std::thread conventions.

No functional change.
Retire Threads wake_up() and sleep()

These functions are used in just one place.
And generalize wait_for_stop()

No functional change.
Retire obsolete race hack

This hack was introduced in d282cf6964d493
to workaround a race with start_searching(),
but these days is no more needed.

No functional change.
Retire set_timer()

Also assure in Thread::timer_loop() that when
timer interval is 0 (timer is disabled) we
never call check_time()

No functional change.
Re-add the hack

This reverts commit 869c9244101

I misunderstood here. Actually it can happen that
thread is created but still not entered idle_loop
and at the same time start_searching() is called.

Becuase 'do_sleep' is set start_searching() will
set it to false and start the search, but when,
at last, the thread enters idle_loop(), resets
the flag and goes to sleep: not what we want.

Revert the hack waiting for a better solution
in the next patches.

No functional change.
Don't use do_sleep flag

Rename it is_finished and use it only in main
thread to signal search is finished. This allows
us to simplify the complex SMP logic.

Ultra tricky patch: deep test is required under
wide conditions like pondering on and option
"Use Sleeping Threads" set to false.

No functional change.
Polymorphic Thread hierarchy

Subclass MainThread and TimerThread and declare
idle_loop() virtual. This allow us to cleanly
remove a good bunch of hacks, relying on C++
polymorphism to do the job.

No functional change.
Fix a bug in timer loop

Silly logic bug introduced in dda7de17e74d7e8

Timer thread, when msec = 0, instead of going
to sleep, calls check_time() in an endless loop.

Spotted and reported by snino64 due to abnormally
high CPU usage.

No functional change.
Remove Threat Extension

Great code simplification: - instead do not futility
prune threat refutations. allows_move() is therefore removed.

4000 games at 50,000 nodes/move:
1085-989-1926 [51.2%] LOS=98.3%

4000 games in 10"+0.1"
756-751-2493 [50.1%] LOS=55.1%

EDIT: I have retested the patch of Lucas in a slightly different form
(without pruning in PvNode) and test mre or less confirms that
60 lines of code are totally unuseful:

After 6195 games at 15"+0.05"
1333 - 1325 - 3537 ELO 0

bench 5140990
Fix race while exiting

Fix again TimerThread::idle_loop() to prevent a
theoretical race with 'exit' flag in ~Thread().

Indeed in Thread d'tor we raise 'exit' and then
call notify() that is lock protected, so we
have to check again for 'exit' before going to
sleep in idle_loop().

Also same change in Thread::idle_loop() where we
now check for 'exit' before to go to sleep.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@gmail.com>
Big renaming in thread stuff

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@gmail.com>
Futher renaming in thread.cpp

No functional change.
Fix an idiotic icc warning

Intel Compiler has 'invented' this pearl:

warning #1476: field uses tail padding of a base class

Just becuase we have subclassed MainThread and added
the field 'bool thinking'.

Pure nosense. Silence the warning.

No functional change.
Small reformat of split()

No functional chhange.

Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@gmail.com>
Simplify evaluation
Merge branch 'simplify_eval' of https://github.com/glinscott/Stockfish

Test results are looking good after 12500 games.

ELO: 6.55 +- 99%: 8.02 95%: 6.09
LOS: 99.99%
Wins: 1968 Losses: 1732 Draws: 8813

Also, here are the noise.py results, which seem to have stabilized:
Games: 12526 , result: [1969, 1734, 8823]
Estimated ELO: 6.94963842777
Noise as function of number of games:
['81.89', '565.26', '110.87', '104.39', '38.22', '49.98', '18.56', '16.76',
'11.02', '8.90', '17.36', '9.84', '10.81', '5.13', '6.22', '3.32', '5.83',
'7.21', '15.27', '1.63', '4.04', '9.51', '0.54', '0.75', '1.06', '2.93',
'4.59', '6.85', '13.62', '9.87', '14.74', '20.46', '22.18', '24.33', '31.02',
'34.99', '35.22', '33.22', '32.46', '37.02', '29.10', '36.34', '42.11', '39.33',
'26.16', '28.25', '35.42', '31.04', '29.26', '23.91', '22.52', '23.49', '20.00',
'24.39', '17.22', '16.50', '10.69', '9.15', '9.57', '4.77', '6.67', '3.87', '2.57',
'2.84', '2.60', '3.32', '2.08', '2.93', '4.47', '4.41', '4.83', '4.86', '6.40',
'5.98', '6.10', '6.83', '5.83', '6.22', '5.71', '8.52', '9.25', '5.98', '7.52',
'7.76', '8.76', '8.55', '8.64', '7.19', '5.83', '4.59', '4.77', '4.26', '4.98',
'5.29', '5.41', '4.92', '5.59']

bench: 5229106
Revert "Further push singular extension"

This reverts commit 4c91dbc28e8bb6265f8

Seems a regression on extended test by both Gary and me.
Manual merge from master

bench: 4897855