IndVarSimplify: check if loop invariant expansion can trap

IndVarSimplify is willing to move divide instructions outside of their
loop bodies if they are invariant of the loop.  However, it may not be
safe to expand them if we do not know if they can trap.

Instead, check to see if it is not safe to expand the instruction and
skip the expansion.

This fixes PR16041.

Testcase by Rafael Ávila de Espíndola.