SI-2464 Resiliance against missing InnerClass attributes

A classfile in the wild related to Vaadin lacked the InnerClasses
attribute. As such, our class file parser treated a nested enum
class as top-level, which led to a crash when trying to find its
linked module.

More details of the investigation are available in the JIRA comments.

The test introduces a new facility to rewrite classfiles.

This commit turns this situation into a logged warning, rather
than crashing. Code by @paulp, test by yours truly.

Review by @paulp