libostree: Make introspectable again

At some point, the variable name for the headers changed and the
introspection build line forgot to be updated.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=707228
prepare-root: Fix ostree= kernel argument at end

Extracting the code for parse_ostree_cmdline() and running it on some
test input (on RHEL6.4 glibc), I can reproduce the odd behavior from
getline() where it apparently returns the size of the default malloc
buffer in the size output, and some non-zero value.

This behavior would be OK except that it breaks the logic for
stripping off the trailing newline, which in turn breaks booting
because we return "ostree=foo\n".

This has worked so far in gnome-ostree because syslinux apparently
injects initrd=/path/to/initrd as a final kernel argment.

Anyways, we don't handle NUL characters here in /proc/cmdline, so
let's just call strlen () to be safe.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=707192
fetcher: Clean up code to avoid intermediate files

I think originally we had the .part/.done separation because we were
trying to support partial downloads of files like repo/config and
repo/refs.

But now that the http server configuration won't give us partial
results, we don't need to support caching those files between runs.

And thus, there's no reason to have the .part/.done and do the dance
with renaming them.

When fetching objects/ and other things that use _with_async, we
continue to use _append_to(), and if the returned range tells us we
have all the bytes, then we hand the full file over to the caller.

Don't attempt to shortcut in the case where the last run told us we
already have the object; the object fetcher code will not make a
request.

While we're here, also clean up use of GError and consistently use the
cancellable from the pending.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=707157
fetcher: Only open files when we are ready to write to them

Otherwise we quickly run out of file descriptors when doing large
requests.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=707157
libostree: Change synchronous fetching API to return a stream

There's not a good reason to write small things such as repo/config to
the filesystem, only to read them back in again.  Change the
non-partial API to just return a stream, then read it into a memory
buffer.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=707157
repo: Only apply setuid/xattrs after checksum validation

See the new comment in the source; basically if we're fetching content
over http, then someone with the capability to MITM the network could
create a transient setuid binary on disk with arbitrary content.  If
they also had a process running on the system (such as an application)
it could be escalated to root.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=707139
repo: Drop ostree_repo_load_variant_c API

Originally we had this to avoid forcing callers to malloc() if they
had a csum, but nowadays we have in-place conversion APIs that are
fast enough.
libostree: Make the format of file objects private

It's now isolated almost entirely to ostree-core.c, except
ostree-repo.c needs to know how to create archive-z2 file headers.  So
give it a private API for that.
core: Make ostree_write_variant_with_size() private

More work making the file formats and utilities private.
core: Make a helper function private

Nothing was using this, so make it private.
core: Remove unused prototypes
libostree: Move file creation APIs out of core, into checkout.c

Since this was the only user, let's not have generic code to go from
OSTree representation -> filesystem here.  It should live in checkout.
core: Delete unused ostree_create_temp_dir() API

Nothing was using it.  Poof.  Gone!
core: Delete unused prototype
main: Call setlocale()

While we're not translating anything right now, we should still
setlocale() so that our output is formatted as command line users will
expect.
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