rbd: enforce parent overlap

A clone image has a defined overlap point with its parent image.
That is the byte offset beyond which the parent image has no
defined data to back the clone, and anything thereafter can be
viewed as being zero-filled by the clone image.

This is needed because a clone image can be resized.  If it gets
resized larger than the snapshot it is based on, the overlap defines
the original size.  If the clone gets resized downward below the
original size the new clone size defines the overlap.  If the clone
is subsequently resized to be larger, the overlap won't be increased
because the previous resize invalidated any parent data beyond that
point.

This resolves:
    http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/4724

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>
libceph: add signed type limits

Flesh out the limits defined in <linux/ceph/decode.h> to include the
maximum and minimum values for signed type S8, S16, S32, and S64.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>
libceph: validate timespec conversions

A ceph timespec contains 32-bit unsigned values for its seconds and
nanoseconds components.  For a standard timespec, both fields are
signed, and the seconds field is almost surely 64 bits.

Add some explicit casts so the fact that this conversion is taking
place is obvious.  Also trip a bug if we ever try to put out of
range (negative or too big) values into a ceph timespec.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>
rbd: give rbd_obj_read_sync() buffer void type

Make the buf parameter into which the data is to be read have type
void pointer.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>
rbd: void data pointers for rbd_obj_method_sync()

Make the inbound and outbound data parameters have void rather than
character type for rbd_obj_method_sync().  This makes it more clear
they don't expect typed data, and eliminates the need for some silly
type casts.

One more unrelated change: define the features buffer used in
_rbd_dev_v2_snap_features() to be a packed data structure.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>