Change sed i\ usage to something Solaris' sed can handle

Solaris' sed was choking on the i\ commands used in
t4015-diff-whitespace as it couldn't parse the program properly.
Modify two uses of sed that worked in GNU sed but not Solaris'
(/usr/bin or /usr/xpg4/bin) to an equivalent form that is handled
properly by both.

Signed-off-by: Ben Walton <bdwalton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t/README: tests can use perl even with NO_PERL

The git build system supports a NO_PERL switch to avoid installing
perl bindings or other features (like "git add --patch") that rely on
perl on runtime, but even with NO_PERL it has not been possible for a
long time to run tests without perl.  Helpers such as

	nul_to_q () {
		"$PERL_PATH" -pe 'y/\000/Q/'
	}

use perl as a better tr or sed and are regularly used in tests without
worrying to add a PERL prerequisite.

Perl is portable enough that it seems fine to keep relying on it for
this kind of thing in tests (and more readable than the alternative of
trying to find POSIXy equivalents).  Update the test documentation to
clarify this.

Reported-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
doc/howto: warn about (dumb)http server document being too old

Describe when it is still applicable, and tell people where to go
for most normal cases.

Signed-off-by: Sitaram Chamarty <sitaram@atc.tcs.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t: provide a perl() function which uses $PERL_PATH

Once upon a time, we assumed that calling a bare "perl" in
the test scripts was OK, because we would find the perl from
the user's PATH, and we were only asking that perl to do
basic operations that work even on old versions of perl.

Later, we found that some systems really prefer to use
$PERL_PATH even for these basic cases, because the system
perl misbehaves in some way (e.g., by handling line endings
differently). We then switched "perl" invocations to
"$PERL_PATH" to respect the user's choice.

Having to use "$PERL_PATH" is ugly and cumbersome, though.
Instead, let's provide a perl() shell function that tests
can use, which will transparently do the right thing.

Unfortunately, test writers still have to use $PERL_PATH in
certain situations, so we still need to keep the advice in
the README.

Note that this may fix test failures in t5004, t5503, t6002,
t6003, t6300, t8001, and t8002, depending on your system's
perl setup. All of these can be detected by running:

  ln -s /bin/false bin-wrappers/perl
  make test

which fails before this patch, and passes after.

Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t: use perl instead of "$PERL_PATH" where applicable

As of the last commit, we can use "perl" instead of
"$PERL_PATH" when running tests, as the former is now a
function which uses the latter. As the shorter "perl" is
easier on the eyes, let's switch to using it everywhere.

This is not quite a mechanical s/$PERL_PATH/perl/
replacement, though. There are some places where we invoke
perl from a script we generate on the fly, and those scripts
do not have access to our internal shell functions. The
result can be double-checked by running:

  ln -s /bin/false bin-wrappers/perl
  make test

which continues to pass even after this patch.

Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
cvsserver: Determinize output to combat Perl 5.18 hash randomization

Perl 5.18 randomizes the seed used by its hash function, so iterating
through hashes results in different orders from run to run:
  http://perldoc.perl.org/perl5180delta.html#Hash-overhaul

This usually broke t9400 (gitcvs.dbname, gitcvs.ext.dbname, when
running cmp on two .sqlite files) and t9402 (check [cvswork3] diff,
when running test_cmp on two diffs).

To fix this, hide the internal order of hashes with sort when sending
output or running database queries.

(An alternative workaround is PERL_HASH_SEED=0, but this seems nicer.)

Signed-off-by: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Avoid difference in tr semantics between System V and BSD

Solaris' tr (both /usr/bin/ and /usr/xpg4/bin) uses the System V
semantics for tr whereby string1's length is truncated to the length
of string2 if string2 is shorter. The BSD semantics, as used by GNU tr
see string2 padded to the length of string1 using the final character
in string2. POSIX explicitly doesn't specify the correct behavior
here, making both equally valid.

This difference means that Solaris' native tr implementations produce
different results for tr ":\t\n" "\0" than GNU tr. This breaks a few
tests in t0008-ignores.sh.

Possible fixes for this are to make string2 be "\0\0\0" or "[\0*]".

Instead, use perl to perform these transliterations which means we
don't need to worry about the difference at all. Since we're replacing
tr with perl, we also use perl to replace the sed invocations used to
transform the files.

Replace four identical transforms with a function named
broken_c_unquote. Replace the other two identical transforms with a
fuction named broken_c_unquote_verbose.

Signed-off-by: Ben Walton <bdwalton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
subtree: add makefile target for html docs

The Makefile currently builds the roff manpage, but not the
html form. As some people may prefer the latter, let's make
it an option to build that, too. We also wire it into "make
doc" so that it is built by default.

This patch does not build or install it as part of
"install-doc"; that would require extra infrastructure to
handle installing the html as we do in git's regular
Documentation/ tree. That can come later if somebody is
interested.

Tested-by: Sebastian Schuberth <sschuberth@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Fix '\%o' for printf from coreutils

The printf utility provided by coreutils when interpreting '\%o' format
does not recognize %o as formatting directive. For example
printf '\%o 0 returns \%o and warning: ignoring excess arguments,
starting with ‘0’, which results in failed tests in
t5309-pack-delta-cycles.sh. In most shells the test ends with success as
the printf is a builtin utility.

Fix it by using '\\%o' which is interpreted consistently in all versions
of printf.

Signed-off-by: Kacper Kornet <draenog@pld-linux.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Documentation: restore a space in unpack-objects usage

The commit 87b7b84 removed a space in the unpack-objects usage, which
makes the synopsis a bit confusing. This patch simply restores it.

Signed-off-by: Vivien Didelot <vivien.didelot@savoirfairelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Documentation: "pack-file" is not literal in unpack-objects

Make it clear that "pack-file" is not to be spelled as is in the
unpack-objects usage.

Signed-off-by: Vivien Didelot <vivien.didelot@savoirfairelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t4015: simplify sed command that is not even seen by sed

Noticed by Andreas Schwab; \<LF> inside a double quotes pair is
eaten by the shell to become an empty string and is not doing
anything.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Merge branch 'jn/test-prereq-perl-doc'

* jn/test-prereq-perl-doc:
  t/README: tests can use perl even with NO_PERL
Merge branch 'sc/doc-howto-dumb-http'

* sc/doc-howto-dumb-http:
  doc/howto: warn about (dumb)http server document being too old
Merge branch 'jk/wrap-perl-used-in-tests'

* jk/wrap-perl-used-in-tests:
  t: use perl instead of "$PERL_PATH" where applicable
  t: provide a perl() function which uses $PERL_PATH
Merge branch 'ak/cvsserver-stabilize-use-of-hash-keys'

* ak/cvsserver-stabilize-use-of-hash-keys:
  cvsserver: Determinize output to combat Perl 5.18 hash randomization
Merge branch 'jk/subtree-install-fix'

* jk/subtree-install-fix:
  subtree: add makefile target for html docs
Merge branch 'jk/duplicate-objects-in-packs'

Test fixup to a topic recently graduated.

* jk/duplicate-objects-in-packs:
  Fix '\%o' for printf from coreutils
Merge branch 'vd/doc-unpack-objects'

* vd/doc-unpack-objects:
  Documentation: "pack-file" is not literal in unpack-objects
  Documentation: restore a space in unpack-objects usage
Merge branch 'bw/solaris-sed-tr-test-portability'

* bw/solaris-sed-tr-test-portability:
  t4015: simplify sed command that is not even seen by sed
  Avoid difference in tr semantics between System V and BSD
  Change sed i\ usage to something Solaris' sed can handle