Fix invalid raises in Code

`ArgumentError` were raised with incorrect arguments. Found by dialyzer warnings in #1569. An example of the warning was:

```
lib/elixir/lib/code.ex:172: The call 'Elixir.ArgumentError':exception(<<_:8,_:_*1>>) will never return since it differs in the 1st argument from the success typing arguments: ([{'__exception__' | 'message' | binary(),_}])
```