Re-instate r187323 which fast-tracks promotable allocas as soon as the
SROA-based analysis has enough information. This should work now that
both mem2reg *and* the SSAUpdater-based AllocaPromoter have been updated
to be able to promote the types of allocas that the SROA analysis
detects.

I've included tests for the AllocaPromoter that were only possible to
write once we fast-tracked promotable allocas without rewriting them.
This includes a test both for r187347 and r188145.

Original commit log for r187323:
"""
Now that mem2reg understands how to cope with a slightly wider set of uses of
an alloca, we can pre-compute promotability while analyzing an alloca for
splitting in SROA. That lets us short-circuit the common case of a bunch of
trivially promotable allocas. This cuts 20% to 30% off the run time of SROA for
typical frontend-generated IR sequneces I'm seeing. It gets the new SROA to
within 20% of ScalarRepl for such code. My current benchmark for these numbers
is PR15412, but it fits the general pattern of IR emitted by Clang so it should
be widely applicable.
"""