Remove dependency on Chef gem (adds JRuby support)

This will remove the Chef gem dependency with other well maintained, cross platform gems. This will make in process testing for non MRI Rubies (like JRuby) possible.

Before the changes there were 45 pedant failures. After the changes there are 45 pedant failures.

You should look closely at the Cookbook class that I created. It's pretty generic and allows the pedant tests to pass. It is possible that it may become an issue in the future if the cookbook pedant tests get more complex. We may want to think about implementing a more complete Cookbook object or requesting that Opscode makes available their "objects" in a separate gem, "ChefObjects", like they do with Erlang records.