Send transactions after a CMerkleBlock when asked for it in an inv.

This actually simplifies some SPV code, as they can keep track of
a filtered block and its txn before accepting both in one step.
The previous argument was that SPV nodes should handle the txn the
same as any other free txn and then mark them as connected to a
block when they get the filtered block itself.  However, it now
appears that SPV nodes will need to put in more effort to verify
loose txn than they would to verify txn in blocks, thus making it
more approriate to send the txn after the filtered block.
Replace 520 constant with MAX_SCRIPT_ELEMENT_SIZE
Merge pull request #2188 from TheBlueMatt/bloom

Send transactions after a CMerkleBlock when asked for it in an inv.