Remove invalid assert in DAGTypeLegalizer::RemapValue

There is a comment at the top of DAGTypeLegalizer::PerformExpensiveChecks
which, in part, says:

  // Note that these invariants may not hold momentarily when processing a node:
  // the node being processed may be put in a map before being marked Processed.

Unfortunately, this assert would be valid only if the above-mentioned invariant
held unconditionally. This was causing llc to assert when, in fact,
everything was fine.

Thanks to Richard Sandiford for investigating this issue!

Fixes PR16562.