Protect user-supplied runtime library functions in LTO

Add user-supplied C runtime and compiler-rt library functions to
llvm.compiler.used to protect them from premature optimization by
passes like -globalopt and -ipsccp.  Calls to (seemingly unused)
runtime library functions can be added by -instcombine and instruction
lowering.

Patch by Duncan Exon Smith, thanks!

Fixes <rdar://problem/14740087>