Remove duplicated code from trans_intrinsics

Most arms of the huge match contain the same code, differing only in
small details like the name of the llvm intrinsic that is to be called.
Thus the duplicated code can be factored out into a few functions that
take some parameters to handle the differences.
Generate better code for intrinsics

Currently, our intrinsics are generated as functions that have the
usual setup, which means an alloca, and therefore also a jump, for
those intrinsics that return an immediate value. This is especially bad
for unoptimized builds because it means that an intrinsic like
"contains_managed" that should be just "ret 0" or "ret 1" actually ends
up allocating stack space, doing a jump and a store/load sequence
before it finally returns the value.

To fix that, we need a way to stop the generic function declaration
mechanism from allocating stack space for the return value. This
implicitly also kills the jump, because the block for static allocas
isn't required anymore.

Additionally, trans_intrinsic needs to build the return itself instead
of calling finish_fn, because the latter relies on the availability of
the return value pointer.

With these changes, we get the bare minimum code required for our
intrinsics, which makes them small enough that inlining them makes the
resulting code smaller, so we can mark them as "always inline" to get
better performing unoptimized builds.

Optimized builds also benefit slightly from this change as there's less
code for LLVM to translate and the smaller intrinsics help it to make
better inlining decisions for a few code paths.

Building stage2 librustc gets ~1% faster for the optimized version and 5% for
the unoptimized version.
auto merge of #7851 : dotdash/rust/intrinsics, r=pcwalton