Removed afterInitialize and afterRender

As chaplin promotes inheritance, I don't believe we should expose `afterRender` or `afterInitialize` and instead instruct users to just override initialize and/or render and call `super`.

`afterRender` (before the super call) or `render` (after the super call) were good hooks to fire `$el` manipulation code before the `$el` was inserted into the DOM. This hook is now achieved by listening to the `rendered` event that is fired by the view after it replaces the contents of its `$el` and before it attaches it to the DOM (and this is made very easy by the listen hash).

`afterInitialize` was moved into the `constructor` to be just nicely called after the `initialize` stack is called. This had the side effect of having nothing of mention in the base view initialize method so now `super` is no longer necessary in the base view class.

Thoughts on the changes?