Option module extensions

- refactored maybe operator from Prelude into Monad.fs (Option-module)
- had to rename it from maybe to option, because maybe was an
Monad-Builder
- addet an fromTryPattern function that translates functions like
double.TryParse into functions from an input to Option<output>
- added tests for this
- REMARK on  the Protect test in AsyncTest.cs line 60 failed ... maybe
there is an such an url now
Merge pull request #230 from CarstenKoenig/master

refactored the maybe operator (renamed in option) into a module extension and added an fromTryPattern operator