Debug mode for string.  This commit also marks the first time libc++ debug-mode has found a bug (found one in regex).  Had to play with extern templates a bit to get this to work since string is heavily used within libc++.dylib.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxx/trunk@189114 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8