pg_upgrade docs:  give tips on automation

Document that post-upgrade steps are likely to be the same for all
clusters with the same DDL/schemas;  this should help automated
upgrades.
Use pg_dump's --quote-all-identifiers option in pg_upgrade.

This helps guard against changes in the set of reserved keywords from
one version to another.  In theory it should only be an issue if we
de-reserve a keyword in a newer release, since that can create the type
of problem shown in bug #8128.

Back-patch to 9.1 where the --quote-all-identifiers option was added.
Remove make_keywords

It is not used anymore.
Update key words table for 9.3
Fix management of fn_extra caching during repeated GiST index scans.

Commit d22a09dc70f9830fa78c1cd1a3a453e4e473d354 introduced official support
for GiST consistentFns that want to cache data using the FmgrInfo fn_extra
pointer: the idea was to preserve the cached values across gistrescan(),
whereas formerly they'd been leaked.  However, there was an oversight in
that, namely that multiple scan keys might reference the same column's
consistentFn; the code would result in propagating the same cache value
into multiple scan keys, resulting in crashes or wrong answers.  Use a
separate array instead to ensure that each scan key keeps its own state.

Per bug #8143 from Joel Roller.  Back-patch to 9.2 where the bug was
introduced.
Fix pgp_pub_decrypt() so it works for secret keys with passwords.

Per report from Keith Fiske.

Marko Kreen
Guard against input_rows == 0 in estimate_num_groups().

This case doesn't normally happen, because the planner usually clamps
all row estimates to at least one row; but I found that it can arise
when dealing with relations excluded by constraints.  Without a defense,
estimate_num_groups() can return zero, which leads to divisions by zero
inside the planner as well as assertion failures in the executor.

An alternative fix would be to change set_dummy_rel_pathlist() to make
the size estimate for a dummy relation 1 row instead of 0, but that seemed
pretty ugly; and probably someday we'll want to drop the convention that
the minimum rowcount estimate is 1 row.

Back-patch to 8.4, as the problem can be demonstrated that far back.
Update CREATE FUNCTION documentation about argument names.

The 9.2 patch that added argument name support in SQL-language functions
missed updating a parenthetical comment about that in the CREATE FUNCTION
reference page.  Noted by Erwin Brandstetter.
Make pg_upgrade's test script attempt to select a non-conflicting port.

Previously, the port number used in this test script was hard-wired at
pg_upgrade's default of 50432; which is not so great because parallel build
runs might conflict.  Commit 3d53173e20d151341f894f79d556768c845ba3e4
removed this setting for the postmasters started by the script proper
(not by pg_upgrade), which didn't do anything to fix that problem and also
guaranteed a failure if there was a live postmaster at the build's default
port number.  Instead, select a non-conflicting temporary port number in
the same way that pg_regress.c does.  (Its method isn't entirely
bulletproof, but given the lack of complaints I'm not going to worry
about that today.)

In passing, unset MAKEFLAGS and MAKELEVEL to avoid problems with the
script's internal invocations of make, for the same reason pg_regress.c
does: it could cause problems in a parallel make.
Fix buildfarm incompatibility in updated pg_upgrade test script.

Looks like some versions of the buildfarm script try to set the port via
--port in $EXTRA_REGRESS_OPTS.  Override that ...
Fix to_number() to correctly ignore thousands separator when it's '.'.

The existing code in NUM_numpart_from_char has hard-wired logic to treat
'.' as decimal point, even when we're using a locale-aware format string
and the locale says that '.' is the thousands separator.  This results in
clearly wrong answers in FM mode (where we must be able to identify the
decimal point location), as per bug report from Patryk Kordylewski.

Since the initialization code in NUM_prepare_locale already sets up
Np->decimal as either the locale decimal-point string or "." depending
on which decimal-point format code was used, there's really no need to
have any extra logic at all in NUM_numpart_from_char: we only need to
test for a match to Np->decimal.

(Note: AFAICS there's nothing in here that explicitly checks for thousands
separators --- rather, any unmatched character is silently skipped over.
That's pretty bogus IMO but it's not the issue being complained of.)

This is a longstanding bug, but it's possible that some existing apps
are depending on '.' being recognized as decimal point even when using
a D format code.  Hence, no back-patch.  We should probably list this
as a potential incompatibility in the 9.3 release notes.
pg_xlogdump: Improve --help output
pgbench: Fix order of options in --help output
Fix handling of strict non-set functions with NULLs in set-valued inputs.

In a construct like "select plain_function(set_returning_function(...))",
the plain function is applied to each output row of the SRF successively.
If some of the SRF outputs are NULL, and the plain function is strict,
you'd expect to get NULL results for such rows ... but what actually
happened was that such rows were omitted entirely from the result set.
This was due to confusion of this case with what should happen for nested
set-returning functions; a strict SRF is indeed supposed to yield an empty
set for null input.  Per bug #8150 from Erwin Brandstetter.

Although this has been broken forever, we're not back-patching because
of the possibility that some apps out there expect the incorrect behavior.
This change should be listed as a possible incompatibility in the 9.3
release notes.
Fix handling of OID wraparound while in standalone mode.

If OID wraparound should occur while in standalone mode (unlikely but
possible), we want to advance the counter to FirstNormalObjectId not
FirstBootstrapObjectId.  Otherwise, user objects might be created with OIDs
in the system-reserved range.  That isn't immediately harmful but it poses
a risk of conflicts during future pg_upgrade operations.

Noted by Andres Freund.  Back-patch to all supported branches, since all of
them are supported sources for pg_upgrade operations.
doc: Fix order of options on pgbench man page
pg_upgrade: Replace tabs in output string constants by spaces
doc: Fix some whitespace issues in the man pages
doc: Add \dm command to psql man page
Allow CREATE FOREIGN TABLE to include SERIAL columns.

The behavior is that the required sequence is created locally, which is
appropriate because the default expression will be evaluated locally.
Per gripe from Brad Nicholson that this case was refused with a confusing
error message.  We could have improved the error message but it seems
better to just allow the case.

Also, remove ALTER TABLE's arbitrary prohibition against being applied to
foreign tables, which was pretty inconsistent considering we allow it for
views, sequences, and other relation types that aren't even called tables.
This is needed to avoid breaking pg_dump, which sometimes emits column
defaults using separate ALTER TABLE commands.  (I think this can happen
even when the default is not associated with a sequence, so that was a
pre-existing bug once we allowed column defaults for foreign tables.)