MSVC: link dynamically to the CRT

Dynamic linking is generally preferred over static linking, and MSVCRT.dll
has been integral part of Windows for a long time.

This also fixes linker warnings for _malloc and _free in zlib.lib, which
seems to be compiled for MSVCRT.dll already.

The DLL version also exports some of the CRT initialization functions,
which are hidden in the static libcmt.lib (e.g. __wgetmainargs, required by
subsequent Unicode patches).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Sleep 1 millisecond in poll() to avoid busy wait

I played around with this quite a bit. After trying some more complex
schemes, I found that what worked best is to just sleep 1 millisecond
between iterations. Though it's a very short time, it still completely
eliminates the busy wait condition, without hurting perf.

There code uses SleepEx(1, TRUE) to sleep. See this page for a good
discussion of why that is better than calling SwitchToThread, which
is what was used previously:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1383943/switchtothread-vs-sleep1

Note that calling SleepEx(0, TRUE) does *not* solve the busy wait.

The most striking case was when testing on a UNC share with a large repo,
on a single CPU machine. Without the fix, it took 4 minutes 15 seconds,
and with the fix it took just 1:08! I think it's because git-upload-pack's
busy wait was eating the CPU away from the git process that's doing the
real work. With multi-proc, the timing is not much different, but tons of
CPU time is still wasted, which can be a killer on a server that needs to
do bunch of other things.

I also tested the very fast local case, and didn't see any measurable
difference. On a big repo with 4500 files, the upload-pack took about 2
seconds with and without the fix.
help: correct behavior for is_executable on Windows

The previous implementation said that the filesystem information on
Windows is not reliable to determine whether a file is executable.
To find gather this information it was peeking into the first two bytes
of a file to see whether it looks executable.
Apart from the fact that on Windows executables are usually defined as
such by their extension it lead to slow opening of help file in some
situations.

When you have virus scanner running calling open on an executable file
is a potentially expensive operation. See the following measurements (in
seconds) for example.

With virus scanner running (coldcache):

$ ./a.exe /libexec/git-core/
before open (git-add.exe): 0.000000
after open (git-add.exe): 0.412873
before open (git-annotate.exe): 0.000175
after open (git-annotate.exe): 0.397925
before open (git-apply.exe): 0.000243
after open (git-apply.exe): 0.399996
before open (git-archive.exe): 0.000147
after open (git-archive.exe): 0.397783
before open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.000160
after open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.397700
before open (git-blame.exe): 0.000160
after open (git-blame.exe): 0.399136
...

With virus scanner running (hotcache):

$ ./a.exe /libexec/git-core/
before open (git-add.exe): 0.000000
after open (git-add.exe): 0.000325
before open (git-annotate.exe): 0.000229
after open (git-annotate.exe): 0.000177
before open (git-apply.exe): 0.000167
after open (git-apply.exe): 0.000150
before open (git-archive.exe): 0.000154
after open (git-archive.exe): 0.000156
before open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.000132
after open (git-bisect--helper.exe): 0.000180
before open (git-blame.exe): 0.000718
after open (git-blame.exe): 0.000724
...

This test did just list the given directory and open() each file in it.

With this patch I get:

$ time git help git
Launching default browser to display HTML ...

real    0m8.723s
user    0m0.000s
sys     0m0.000s

and without

$ time git help git
Launching default browser to display HTML ...

real    1m37.734s
user    0m0.000s
sys     0m0.031s

both tests with cold cache and giving the machine some time to settle
down after restart.

Signed-off-by: Heiko Voigt <heiko.voigt@mahr.de>
Windows: Always normalize paths to Windows-style

It appears that `pwd` returns the POSIX-style or the DOS-style path
depending which style the previous `cd` used. To normalize, enforce `pwd
-W` in scripts.

From the original e-mail exchange:

On Thu, Mar 22, 2012 at 11:13:37AM +0100, Sebastian Schuberth wrote:
> On Wed, Mar 21, 2012 at 22:21, Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> wrote:
>
> > I build git and run its tests outside the msysgit environment. Does that
> > explain the difference? (And I use CMD.)
>
> It does not make a difference for me. I started cmd.exe at
> c:\msysgit\git\t, added c:\msysgit\bin temporarily to PATH, and ran
> "sh t5526-fetch-submodules.sh -i -v", and the test still fails.

Yes it probably does. Johannes said that he runs the tests outside of
the msysgit folder. That way there is only one path the submodule script
gets reported and not two like '/c/msysgit/git' and '/git'.

That would explain to me why it is passing.

I am afraid that the only solution is to patch msys itself to report the
long absolute path when passing window style paths to cd. Currently when
I do

	cd c:/msysgit/git

I will end up in '/git' instead of the long path.

I found that there is a -W option to pwd in msys bash which makes it
always return the real windows path. A normalization in that direction
is unique and thus might be more robust. Have a look at the attached
patch. With this at least t5526 passes. I was not able to run the whole
testsuite properly at the moment. I can have a look at that tomorrow.

What do you think?

Cheers Heiko

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Support Unicode console output on Windows

WriteConsoleW seems to be the only way to reliably print unicode to the
console (without weird code page conversions).

Also redirects vfprintf to the winansi.c version.

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
wincred: add install target and avoid overwriting configured variables.

Signed-off-by: Pat Thoyts <patthoyts@users.sourceforge.net>
Detect console streams more reliably on Windows

GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) doesn't work for stderr if stdout is
redirected. Use _get_osfhandle of the FILE* instead.

_isatty() is true for all character devices (including parallel and serial
ports). Check return value of GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo instead to
reliably detect console handles (also don't initialize internal state from
an uninitialized CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO structure if the function
fails).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Warn if the Windows console font doesn't support Unicode

Unicode console output won't display correctly with default settings
because the default console font ("Terminal") only supports the system's
OEM charset. Unfortunately, this is a user specific setting, so it cannot
be easily fixed by e.g. some registry tricks in the setup program.

This change prints a warning on exit if console output contained non-ascii
characters and the console font is supposedly not a TrueType font (which
usually have decent Unicode support).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Win32 dirent: remove unused dirent.d_ino member

There are no proper inodes on Windows, so remove dirent.d_ino and #define
NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT in the Makefile (this skips e.g. an ineffective qsort in
fsck.c).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Win32 dirent: remove unused dirent.d_reclen member

Remove the union around dirent.d_type and the unused dirent.d_reclen member
(which was necessary for compatibility with the MinGW dirent runtime, which
is no longer used).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Win32 dirent: change FILENAME_MAX to MAX_PATH

FILENAME_MAX and MAX_PATH are both 260 on Windows, however, MAX_PATH is
used throughout the other Win32 code in Git, and also defines the length
of file name buffers in the Win32 API (e.g. WIN32_FIND_DATA.cFileName,
from which we're copying the dirent data).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Win32 dirent: clarify #include directives

Git-compat-util.h is two dirs up, and already includes <dirent.h> (which
is the same as "dirent.h" due to -Icompat/win32 in the Makefile).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Win32 dirent: improve dirent implementation

Improve the dirent implementation by removing the relics that were once
necessary to plug into the now unused MinGW runtime, in preparation for
Unicode file name support.

Move FindFirstFile to opendir, and FindClose to closedir, with the
following implications:
- DIR.dd_name is no longer needed
- chdir(one); opendir(relative); chdir(two); readdir() works as expected
  (i.e. lists one/relative instead of two/relative)
- DIR.dd_handle is a valid handle for the entire lifetime of the DIR struct
- thus, all checks for dd_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE and dd_handle == 0
  have been removed
- the special case that the directory has been fully read (which was
  previously explicitly tracked with dd_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE &&
  dd_stat != 0) is now handled implicitly by the FindNextFile error
  handling code (if a client continues to call readdir after receiving
  NULL, FindNextFile will continue to fail with ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES, to
  the same effect)
- extracting dirent data from WIN32_FIND_DATA is needed in two places, so
  moved to its own method
- GetFileAttributes is no longer needed. The same information can be
  obtained from the FindFirstFile error code, which is ERROR_DIRECTORY if
  the name is NOT a directory (-> ENOTDIR), otherwise we can use
  err_win_to_posix (e.g. ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND -> ENOENT). The
  ERROR_DIRECTORY case could be fixed in err_win_to_posix, but this
  probably breaks other functionality.

Removes the ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES check after FindFirstFile (this was
fortunately a NOOP (searching for '*' always finds '.' and '..'),
otherwise the subsequent code would have copied data from an uninitialized
buffer).

Changes malloc to git support function xmalloc, so opendir will die() if
out of memory, rather than failing with ENOMEM and letting git work on
incomplete directory listings (error handling in dir.c is quite sparse).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Win32: fix potential multi-threading issue

...by removing a static buffer in do_stat_internal.

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Win32: move main macro to a function

The code in the MinGW main macro is getting more and more complex, move to
a separate initialization function for readabiliy and extensibility.

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
MinGW: disable CRT command line globbing

MingwRT listens to _CRT_glob to decide if __getmainargs should
perform globbing, with the default being that it should.
Unfortunately, __getmainargs globbing is sub-par; for instance
patterns like "*.c" will only match c-sources in the current
directory.

Disable __getmainargs' command line wildcard expansion, so these
patterns will be left untouched, and handled by Git's superior
built-in globbing instead.

MSVC defaults to no globbing, so we don't need to do anything
in that case.

This fixes t5505 and t7810.

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Unicode console: fix font warning on Vista and Win7

GetCurrentConsoleFontEx in an atexit routine doesn't work because git
closes stdout before exit (which also closes the console handle). Check
the console font when we first encounter a non-ascii character and only
schedule the warning message to be printed at exit (warnings go to stderr,
which is not closed by git).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com>
Revert "Windows: teach getenv to do a case-sensitive search"

This reverts commit df599e9612788b728ce43a03159b85f1fe624d6a.

As of 5e9637c6 "i18n: add infrastructure for translating Git with gettext",
eval_gettext uses MinGW envsubst.exe instead of git-sh-i18n--envsubst.exe
for variable substitution. This breaks git-submodule.sh messages and tests,
as envsubst.exe doesn't support case-sensitive environment lookup (the same
is true for almost everything on Windows, including MSys and Cygwin tools).

30a615ac "Windows/i18n: rename $path to prevent clashes with $PATH" renames
the conflicting variable in git-submodule.sh, so that it works on Windows
(i.e. with case-insensitive environment, regardless of the toolset).

Revert to the documented behaviour of case-insensitive environment on
Windows.

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Revert "mingw.c: move definition of mingw_getenv down"

This reverts commit 06bc4b796ad69ba93f0a8c451368602e0553c2d3.

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Enable color output in Windows cmd.exe

Git requires the TERM environment variable to be set for all color*
settings. Simulate the TERM variable if it is not set (default on Windows).

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>