Fixed the C++ part structure of the answers, Chapter 1 complete

- Restructured the C++ questions for easier maintainability - each question is now in its own class with header/cpp files.
- Implemented a simple hash table as suggested in Chapter 1 intro.
- Answered rest of the question in Chapter 1.
- Created a simple readme
- Created Visual Studio 2013 solution to ease looking at all answers. Ordered by chapter-based projects with a "main" that can select the question to run in that chapter.
- Updated gitignore to ignore Visual Studio files.