Extract ActiveSupport::NumberHelper methods to classes

Due to the overall complexity of each method individually as well as the
global shared private module methods, this pulls each helper into it's
own converter class inheriting from a generic `NumberBuilder` class.

* The `NumberBuilder` class contains the private methods needed for each helper
method an eliminates the need for special definition of specialized private
module methods.
* The `ActiveSupport::NumberHelper::DEFAULTS` constant has been moved
into the `NumberBuilder` class because the `NumberBuilder` is the only
class which needs access to it.
* For each of the builders, the `#convert` method is broken down to
smaller parts and extracted into private methods for clarity of purpose.
* Most of the mutation that once was necessary has now been eliminated.
* Several of the mathematical operations for percentage, delimited, and
rounded have been moved into private methods to ease readability and
clarity.
* Internationalization is still a bit crufty, and definitely could be
improved, but it is functional and a bit easier to follow.

The following helpers were extracted into their respective classes.

* `#number_to_percentage` -> `NumberToPercentageConverter`
* `#number_to_delimited` -> `NumberToDelimitedConverter`
* `#number_to_phone` -> `NumberToPhoneConverter`
* `#number_to_currency` -> `NumberToCurrencyConverter`
* `#number_to_rounded` -> `NumberToRoundedConverter`
* `#number_to_human_size` -> `NumberToHumanSizeConverter`
* `#number_to_human` -> `NumberToHumanConverter`
Use TS::Cache instead plain Hash in TimeZone.

Plain ruby Hashes are not thread safe.
Unify AS::TZ's lazy init maps.

There's no point in having 2 almost identical (@lazy_zones_map and @zones_map) lazy initialized TZ instance caches.
Remove AS::TZ.lookup(name).

The method doesn't really make much sense (find_tzinfo will succeed for any imput provided).
Add regression test for IpSpoofAttackError issue

See #10780
Move Rack::Cache after AD::Static in the stack
Fix AR#method_missing re-dispatching into overwritten attribute methods.

This was happening when a `super` call in an overwritten attribute method
was triggering a method_missing fallback, because attribute methods
haven't been generated yet.

  class Topic < ActiveRecord::Base
    def title
      # `super` would re-invoke this method if define_attribute_methods
      # hasn't been called yet resulting in double '!' appending
      super + '!'
    end
  end
Add test for ActiveRecord::Relation YAML serialization, for #5303 issue
Improve Errors when Controller Name or Action isn't specfied

These errors occur when, there routes are wrongly defined.

example, the following line would cause a missing :action error

    root "welcomeindex"

Mostly beginners are expected to hit these errors, so lets improve the error message a bit to make their learning experience bit better.
Don't swallow exceptions in transctional statements

The MySQL connection adapater swallows all StandardError exceptions,
which includes Mysql::Error and Mysql2::Error. The comment in the
exception clause claims errors thrown here indicate that transactions
aren't supported by the server but that isn't necessarily true. It's
possible the MySQL server has gone away and swallowing a failed commit
may let the application return a successful response when the data has
not been saved. Also, replication libraries like Galera require that the
application handle exceptions thrown at BEGIN/COMMIT.

I'm unable to determine what version of MySQL threw an exception for
transactional statements. I tried as far back as 3.23.49 with InnoDB
disabled but BEGIN & COMMIT statements do not throw an error. If there's
a real case for this logic to continue, we could instead push this
behavior into a configuration setting.

The exception swallowing has been there since the beginning:
db045dbbf60b53dbe013ef25554fd013baf88134
Update README.rdoc [ci skip]

Highlighted code
Update commands.rb content in initialization guide

[ci skip]
Add section for command_tasks in initialization guide

[ci skip]
Update security.md

Hi Guys 
I was reading through this guide last night and noticed a small mistake, would be great if you could update it. 
I changed the word 'building' to 'build' in line 20. 
"Web application frameworks are made to help developers building web applications"
Also dup `column_types` in AR::Result `initialize_copy`
Update tzinfo dependency to ~> 1.1

Include the tzinfo-data in the generated Gemfile on Windows.
Merge pull request #10826 from sferik/update_tzinfo

Update tzinfo
Merge pull request #12749 from iantropov/issue_5303

Add test for ActiveRecord::Relation YAML serialization, for #5303 issue
Merge pull request #12740 from gaurish/patch-1

Improve Errors when Controller Name or Action isn't specfied
Remove order attribute from collector

Ruby 1.8 legacy. Since 1.9 hash preserves insertion order. No need for additional array to achieve this