Wrap git clone

This branch adds a simple clone wrapper, along with a `manage.py` command and some tests for it. The tests unpack a local testing repo that can be cloned so testing doesn't depend on a network connection and is still fast.

I put everything in `api/data.py` for now, but we might eventually think about breaking it out into its own `api/repo.py` module or something. Probably not until we start doing writes though.

The local testing repo can eventually contain sample course data for testing other aspects of data. It's kept in a tarball because otherwise git wants to treat it like a submodule and things get screwed up. `TestData` handles unpacking it and cleaning up after. It's cloned to a temporary directory.

This builds on the config branch I opened, since dealing with remotes should be configurable. As long as whatever we implement for configuration is importable from `api` as `config` and acts like a `dict`, there should be no problem.