BUG: itkPolyLineParametricPath infinite loop for degenerate paths

itkPolyLineParametricPath inherits EvalateDerivative and IncrementInput from its
superclass: itkParametricPath. IncrementInput uses a default
timestep and a derivative estimated from that default timestep to implement a
tooBig/tooSmall search strategy to find the next pixel along the path.

This strategy will result in oscillation between tooBig and tooSmall for
degenerate itkPolyLineParametricPath paths, such as those with a lot of
verticies at the beginning less than one image index away from each other
followed by a single vertex at the end that is multiple image indices away.

This patch overrides the inherited IncrementInputs and EvaluateDerivative
function and takes advantage of the fact that it is possible to calculate an
instantaneous derivative which allows to calculate the exact timestep to effect
a change in one pixel.

A test is also added for one of the degenerate paths mentioned in paragraph 2.

The ExtractOrthogonalSwatch2DImageFilterTest baseline image was updated due to
the old tooSmall/tooLarge search strategy not always honoring the 8-connected
neighborhood.

Change-Id: Ibe2d5b8fb913e6311ee0f3b977fdadf1321f0653
Merge topic 'itkParametricPathOscillation'

706a6bf BUG: itkPolyLineParametricPath infinite loop for degenerate paths