Adding tests for closed issues

Closes #5806
Closes #5950
Closes #7178
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Closes #8578
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Closes #9129
Closes #10412
auto merge of #11012 : alexcrichton/rust/needstest, r=alexcrichton

Closes #5806
Closes #8259
Closes #8578
Closes #8851
Closes #10412