Wrote program to convert 44.1kHz 16-bit .wav files to 8363Hz 8-bit .pcm files

Squashed commit of the following:

commit 4b236ec7eacf1bc8d153b741765df33700af6543
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:57:21 2012 +0100

    Output to .pcm instead of .wav

commit 58d99e0a08374ceab1ac1b0797836eb414d30559
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:53:42 2012 +0100

    Bugfix.  It now outputs Amiga format .wav files correctly.

    We needed to read in each frame (sample), even if we were going to
    ignore it.

commit 2b27ee7956325b238d747a39857209fa606905ad
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:46:09 2012 +0100

    Whoops.  Makemono to the rescue.

commit 1a089dfaaa661c832fa61633c60a8c3288bd1156
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:44:45 2012 +0100

    Made a better file to test it with

    It's a sample of a patch I commissioned someone to make for me, so
    there should be no copyright issues.

commit b9213866d6b9cd85583aeed2ab6478a904db1879
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:39:42 2012 +0100

    Converted output to unsigned.

    It sounds bad, which is likely the result of trying to convert such
    a simplistic waveform, but at least looks good when viewing the
    waveform.

commit fb33f4b572a7e3fc5dfb9959f8a69d57f2ffaade
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:35:41 2012 +0100

    Partially fixed output: it's 1-byte, not 2-bytes.

    See http://docs.python.org/library/struct.html#format-characters for
    details.

commit 90b629c7f698a40b3fcd41e565b1048699650930
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:22:59 2012 +0100

    Tidied up variable names.  Still not working yet.

commit a4ceca235a76ba46d1710bfcd9be0a4fe0692110
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:15:09 2012 +0100

    Hopefully implemented sample frequency conversion

commit ee8a39872526ec1636c67f8b29dd4a7f0a5b1dce
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:14:04 2012 +0100

    Hopefully made lookup table of when to pay attention to samples

commit 760bbf18387ae3b80f756ce1f3bd57acdf49951d
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:10:34 2012 +0100

    Started to formulate a plan

commit 4e9c0b8e58b195d8c3435da67e5b84378f3b7665
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 12:06:25 2012 +0100

    Got ready for a simple formula I haven't worked out yet

commit 02e1488d274f549096942716967e5b3f68178774
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 11:58:35 2012 +0100

    Extracted a smaller file to test with, using Wavesplit

commit f8f7daed04b7be63e6a2df0508ae64f73da30dae
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 11:55:09 2012 +0100

    Started work on bit reducing

    It's not there yet.  I haven't even started the frequency reducing
    yet either.

commit 7f589af20866284d2b1ad0158f531409b6022a8e
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 11:47:27 2012 +0100

    Got integers...

commit 7e8081e1e129850de04eb0aa09d6aad74b6df67b
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 11:42:27 2012 +0100

    Started work on main code

commit 2f69d4059df989417fc2ec5138cbb89762f2a4fd
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 11:27:45 2012 +0100

    Got input and output filenames working

commit 842ab186ba0215b558db7dd7e0ac84c5041104dd
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 11:26:20 2012 +0100

    Set up command line arguments

commit 0224f3c008d7a6a0d764fa246afc2879d8bc86b4
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 10:30:12 2012 +0100

    Tidied documentation.

commit f27ba33e404aae75d14124b6f71fe639100ee397
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 10:08:33 2012 +0100

    Homogenised headers

commit d13bcf8bc6a0dc8edefe246483721c46423838a8
Author: Zoë Blade <zoe@bytenoise.co.uk>
Date:   Wed Sep 26 10:04:35 2012 +0100

    Made template for program