Extend CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC check

The CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC check at configure time was added to
detect when mutex_lock() is defined as a GPL-only symbol.  However,
the check as written only inferred this from this configuration
setting, it never actually checked.  This change introduces that
missing check to prevent false positives.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Add vdev_id for JBOD-friendly udev aliases

vdev_id parses the file /etc/zfs/vdev_id.conf to map a physical path
in a storage topology to a channel name.  The channel name is combined
with a disk enclosure slot number to create an alias that reflects the
physical location of the drive.  This is particularly helpful when it
comes to tasks like replacing failed drives.  Slot numbers may also be
re-mapped in case the default numbering is unsatisfactory.  The drive
aliases will be created as symbolic links in /dev/disk/by-vdev.

The only currently supported topologies are sas_direct and sas_switch:

o  sas_direct - a channel is uniquely identified by a PCI slot and a
   HBA port

o  sas_switch - a channel is uniquely identified by a SAS switch port

A multipath mode is supported in which dm-mpath devices are handled by
examining the first running component disk, as reported by 'multipath
-l'.  In multipath mode the configuration file should contain a
channel definition with the same name for each path to a given
enclosure.

vdev_id can replace the existing zpool_id script on systems where the
storage topology conforms to sas_direct or sas_switch.  The script
could be extended to support other topologies as well.  The advantage
of vdev_id is that it is driven by a single static input file that can
be shared across multiple nodes having a common storage toplogy.
zpool_id, on the other hand, requires a unique /etc/zfs/zdev.conf per
node and a separate slot-mapping file.  However, zpool_id provides the
flexibility of using any device names that show up in
/dev/disk/by-path, so it may still be needed on some systems.

vdev_id's functionality subsumes that of the sas_switch_id script, and
it is unlikely that anyone is using it, so sas_switch_id is removed.

Finally, /dev/disk/by-vdev is added to the list of directories that
'zpool import' will scan.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #713
Add /dev/mapper/ to search path

When creating pools short device names may be used when those
devices appear in certain well known locations under /dev/.
This change adds /dev/mapper/ to that list.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Improve 'zpool import' EBUSY error message

When a device is already open O_EXCL by another process the
`zpool import` will correctly fail.  However, the default failure
message isn't very helpful.  It may in fact be harmful if you
take its advise and destroy your pool.

    cannot import 'tank': pool is busy
            Destroy and re-create the pool from
            a backup source.

Improve the error message in the EBUSY case to simply print a
message indicating that the devices are current in use.  The user
will need to manually identify which process has the device open
exclusively and why.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Improve CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC error message

The configure script error message for kernels built with
CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC may give the impression that the issue is
strictly with license compliance.  To avoid confusion add some words
indicating that the linking stage will fail if the build continues.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #773
Honor logbias when writing to ZVOLs.

The logbias option is not taken into account when writing to ZVOLs. We fix
that by using the same logic as in the zfs filesystem write code
(see zfs_log.c).

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #774
Linux 3.4 compat, d_make_root() replaces d_alloc_root()

torvalds/linux@adc0e91ab142abe93f5b0d7980ada8a7676231fe introduced
introduced d_make_root() as a replacement for d_alloc_root(). Further
commits appear to have removed d_alloc_root() from the Linux source
tree. This causes the following failure:

  error: implicit declaration of function 'd_alloc_root'
  [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]

To correct this we update the code to use the current d_make_root()
interface for readability.  Then we introduce an autotools check
to determine if d_make_root() is available.  If it isn't then we
define some compatibility logic which used the older d_alloc_root()
interface.

Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #776
Include <locale.h> to avoid error: 'LC_ALL' undeclared.

When compiling ZFS with CFLAGS=-O0 it will trigger the following error.
Resolve the issue by properly including locale.h.

  ../../cmd/mount_zfs/mount_zfs.c: In function 'main':
  ../../cmd/mount_zfs/mount_zfs.c:318:2: warning: implicit declaration
      of function 'setlocale' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
  ../../cmd/mount_zfs/mount_zfs.c:318:19: error: 'LC_ALL' undeclared
      (first use in this function)

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #724
Retry removal of busy minors

When failing to remove a zvol device link because it's busy, wait
a bit and retry in a loop instead of giving up immediately.  This
technique is similar to the loop in zpool_label_disk_wait(), with
the same goal: waiting for the asynchronous udev processes to finish
their work.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #692
Make zil_slog_limit a tunable module parameter.

zil_slog_limit specifies the maximum commit size to be written to the separate
log device. Larger commits bypass the separate log device and go directly to
the data devices.

The optimal value for zil_slog_limit directly depends on the latency and
throughput characteristics of both the separate log device and the data disks.
Small synchronous writes are faster on low-latency separate log devices (e.g.
SSDs) whereas large synchronous writes are faster on high-latency data disks
(e.g. spindles) because of higher throughput, especially with a large array.
The point is, the line between "small" and "large" synchronous writes in this
scenario is heavily dependent on the hardware used. That's why it should be
made configurable.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #783
Workaround for failing zvol_id

This is not a proper fix.  It is just a workaround for the stack
smashing detected by gcc in zvol_id.  We simply disable the gcc
stack protector for now when building the zvol_id udev helper.
Once the root cause is resolved this patch should be reverted.

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issues #569
Switch KM_SLEEP to KM_PUSHPAGE

Differences between how paging is done on Solaris and Linux can cause
deadlocks if KM_SLEEP is used in any the following contexts.

  * The z_wr_* threads
  * The txg_sync thread
  * The zvol write/discard threads
  * The zpl_putpage() VFS callback

This is because KM_SLEEP will allow for direct reclaim which may result
in the VM calling back in to the filesystem or block layer to write out
pages.  If a lock is held over this operation the potential exists to
deadlock the system.  To ensure forward progress all memory allocations
in these contexts must us KM_PUSHPAGE which disables performing any I/O
to accomplish the memory allocation.

Previously, this behavior was acheived by setting PF_MEMALLOC on the
thread.  However, that resulted in unexpected side effects such as the
exhaustion of pages in ZONE_DMA.  This approach touchs more of the zfs
code, but it is more consistent with the right way to handle these cases
under Linux.

This is patch lays the ground work for being able to safely revert the
following commits which used PF_MEMALLOC:

  21ade34 Disable direct reclaim for z_wr_* threads
  cfc9a5c Fix zpl_writepage() deadlock
  eec8164 Fix ASSERTION(!dsl_pool_sync_context(tx->tx_pool))

Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #726
Revert Fix ASSERTION(!dsl_pool_sync_context(tx->tx_pool))

Commit eec8164771bee067c3cd55ed0a16dadeeba276de worked around an issue
involving direct reclaim through the use of PF_MEMALLOC.   Since we
are reworking thing to use KM_PUSHPAGE so that swap works, we revert
this patch in favor of the use of KM_PUSHPAGE in the affected areas.

Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #726
Revert Fix zpl_writepage() deadlock

The commit, cfc9a5c88f91f7b4d606fce89505e1f404691ea5, to fix deadlocks
in zpl_writepage() relied on PF_MEMALLOC.   That had the effect of
disabling the direct reclaim path on all allocations originating from
calls to this function, but it failed to address the actual cause of
those deadlocks.  This led to the same deadlocks being observed with
swap on zvols, but not with swap on the loop device, which exercises
this code.

The use of PF_MEMALLOC also had the side effect of permitting
allocations to be made from ZONE_DMA in instances that did not require
it.  This contributes to the possibility of panics caused by depletion
of pages from ZONE_DMA.

As such, we revert this patch in favor of a proper fix for both issues.

Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #726
Revert Disable direct reclaim for z_wr_* threads

This commit used PF_MEMALLOC to prevent a memory reclaim deadlock.
However, commit 49be0ccf1fdc2ce852271d4d2f8b7a9c2c4be6db eliminated
the invocation of __cv_init(), which was the cause of the deadlock.
PF_MEMALLOC has the side effect of permitting pages from ZONE_DMA
to be allocated.  The use of PF_MEMALLOC was found to cause stability
problems when doing swap on zvols. Since this technique is known to
cause problems and no longer fixes anything, we revert it.

Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #726
Import Illumos #701: UNMAP support for COMSTAR

Reviewed by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Eric Schrock <eric.schrock@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <gwilson@zfsmail.com>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@nexenta.com>

Refererce to Illumos issue:
  https://www.illumos.org/issues/701

This enables logging of discard operations to the ZIL by merging
illumos/illumos-gate@b77b9231da168bb31490f65bf2697f6031b7f601.  There is
one key difference between the Illumos code and our import of it. The
illumos code will treat discard requests as synchronous operations when
the write-cache is disabled by checking ZVOL_WCE in zv->zv_flags.  That
is set by the DKIOCSETWCE ioctl on Solaris. This does not appear to
have an analog on Linux, so the Ilumos behavior is not implemented in
our code.

Ported-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Make zvol_remove_link() print a more useful error message
Modify txg_hold_open to support preemptable kernels
Modify fm_ena_generate to support preemptable kernels
Set discard_zeroes_data on zvols

This implements a suggestion by Richard Laager. It ensures that the
kernel will know that discard operations are guarenteed to zero blocks.

Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>