math: fix exp.s on i386 and x86_64 so the exception flags are correct

exp(inf), exp(-inf), exp(nan) used to raise wrong flags
trivial optimization to printf: avoid wasted call frame

amusingly, this cuts more than 10% off the run time of printf("a"); on
the machine i tested it on.

sadly the same optimization is not possible for snprintf without
duplicating all the pseudo-FILE setup code, which is not worth it.
minor but worthwhile optimization in printf: avoid expensive strspn

the strspn call was made for every format specifier and end-of-string,
even though the expected return value was 1-2 for normal usage.
replace with simple loop.
add bsd fgetln function

optimized to avoid allocation and return lines directly out of the
stream buffer whenever possible.
remove buggy short-string wcsstr implementation; always use twoway

since this interface is rarely used, it's probably best to lean
towards keeping code size down anyway. one-character needles will
still be found immediately by the initial wcschr call anyway.
remove unused but buggy code from strstr.c
avoid need for -march=mips2 to compile mips atomic.h asm

linux guarantees ll/sc are always available. on mips1, they will be
emulated by the kernel. thus they are part of the linux mips1 abi and
safe to use.
memcpy asm for i386 and x86_64
publicly expose getdents api under _BSD_SOURCE
add significand[fl] math functions
remove significandl

this function never existed historically; since the float/double
functions it's based on are nonstandard and deprecated, there's really
no justification for its existence except that glibc has it. it can be
added back if there's ever really a need...
math: fix _BSD_SOURCE namespace in math.h
Merge remote-tracking branch 'nsz/exp'
Merge remote-tracking branch 'nsz/bsd'
support configuring cross compiling with CROSS_COMPILE prefix variable
update copyright/credits for recent code additions
add missing xattr functions

not sure why these were originally omitted..
improve headers to better deal with removed-in-posix-2008 features

with this patch, setting _POSIX_SOURCE, or setting _POSIX_C_SOURCE or
_XOPEN_SOURCE to an old version, will bring back the interfaces that
were removed in POSIX 2008 - at least the ones i've covered so far,
which are gethostby*, usleep, and ualarm. if there are other functions
still in widespread use that were removed for which similar changes
would be beneficial, they can be added just like this.
handle null arguments to legacy bsd err.h functions
fix float parsing logic for long decimal expansions

this affects at least the case of very long inputs, but may also
affect shorter inputs that become long due to growth while upscaling.
basically, the logic for the circular buffer indices of the initial
base-10^9 digit and the slot one past the final digit, and for
simplicity of the loop logic, assumes an invariant that they're not
equal. the upscale loop, which can increase the length of the
base-10^9 representation, attempted to preserve this invariant, but
was actually only ensuring that the end index did not loop around past
the start index, not that the two never become equal.

the main (only?) effect of this bug was that subsequent logic treats
the excessively long number as having no digits, leading to junk
results.