SI-5652 Mangle names of potentially public lambda lifted methods.

This can happen if they are accessed from an inner class. If a
subclass is happens to lift a public method to the same name,
a VerifyError ensues.

The enclosed tests:
 - demonstrate the absense of the VerifyError
 - show the names generated for the lifted methods (which are
   unchanged if not called from an inner class, or if lifted
   into a trait implementation class.)
 - ensure that the callers are rewritten to call the correct
   method when multiple with the same name are lifted.

It's not ideal that this phase needs a priori knowledge of the
later phases to perform this mangling. A better fix would defer
this until the point when the methods are publicised, and leave
the unmangled private method in place and install an public,
mangled forwarder.
SI-5167 An impl class method should refer to its own parameter symbols.

Rather than those of the original method in the trait.

If they are shared, parameter renaming in the implementaion class
is visible in the original method. This led to a crash in the resident
compiler when looking up the default argument getter.
Fix SI-5853.

This solves two issues.

First, up to now the newly generated symbols for normalized
members were not being added to the declaration list of the
owner during `specialize`. Now they are.

Second, during `extmethods`, the extension methods generated
get an additional curried parameter list for `$this`.
Trouble was, after that, during `uncurry` and before `specialize`,
these curried parameter lists were merged into one list.
Specialization afterwards treats extension methods just
like normal methods and generates new symbols without the
curried parameter list.
The `extensionMethod` now takes this into account by checking
if the first parameter of a potential extension method has
the name `$this`.

Review by @dragos.
Review by @odersky.
typers: fixes error handling in checkStable
typers: dubious line in adaptType
typers: simplifies original calculation in typedAnnotated
REPL no longer hangs after initialization crashes
REPL bells and whistles: -Dscala.repl.autoruncode=<JFile>

Useful for the upcoming reflection refactoring.
Previously it was more or less okay to type "import scala.reflect.mirror._",
but soon we'll have multiple universes and mirrors.
REPL bells and whistles: -Dscala.repl.vids=<Boolean>

Displays identity hashcodes next to `res` values printed by REPL.
This proved quite useful in detecting reflection artifacts that look the same,
but are, in fact, different.
REPL bells and whistles: -Dscala.repl.maxprintstring=<Integer>

Makes `maxPrintString` configurable and fixes its treatment at zero.
Quite useful for debugging elaborate classloaders with long classpaths.
improves traces and error messages
macros: -Xmacros is now retired
macros: now use Java reflection

Due to some voodoo magic creating a new instance of a compiler cake,
immediately degrades performance of the compiler.

Out guess is that it makes HotSpot treat calls to cake methods as polymorphic.
However we didn't do any performance testing, it just works, and that's enough.
Enough for now.
macros: refactoring of fast track infrastructure

As a result, hardwired macros don't need implementation stubs.
This is very important, because in a few commits scala.reflect.makro.Context
will move out from scala-library.jar.

Also adding fast track entries doesn't require jumping through hoops
with PDTs. It's as simple as defining PartialFunction[Tree, Any].
preparations: removes DynamicProxy

This is necessary because toolboxes will no longer be available from the library.
Christopher Vogt will take care of the second reincarnation of DynamicRef.
preparations: always explicitly provide type tags

In our codebase we now explicitly provide type tags even if they can be materialized.
This is necessary to ease the upcoming reflection refactoring (or refactorings :)).
The new reflection

A must read: "SIP: Scala Reflection":
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Z1VhhNPplbUpaZPIYdc0_EUv5RiGQ2X4oqp0i-vz1qw/edit

Highlights:
* Architecture has undergone a dramatic rehash.
* Universes and mirrors are now separate entities:
universes host reflection artifacts (trees, symbols, types, etc),
mirrors abstract loading of those artifacts (e.g. JavaMirror loads stuff
using a classloader and annotation unpickler, while GlobalMirror uses
internal compiler classreader to achieve the same goal).
* No static reflection mirror is imposed on the user.
One is free to choose between lightweight mirrors and full-blown
classloader-based mirror (read below).
* Public reflection API is split into scala.reflect.base and scala.reflect.api.
The former represents a minimalistic snapshot that is exactly enough to
build reified trees and types. To build, but not to analyze - everything smart
(for example, getting a type signature) is implemented in scala.reflect.api.
* Both reflection domains have their own universe: scala.reflect.basis and
scala.reflect.runtime.universe. The former is super lightweight and doesn't
involve any classloaders, while the latter represents a stripped down compiler.
* Classloader problems from 2.10.0-M3 are solved.
* Exprs and type tags are now bound to a mirror upon creation.
* However there is an easy way to migrate exprs and type tags between mirrors
and even between universes.
* This means that no classloader is imposed on the user of type tags and exprs.
If one doesn't like a classloader that's there (associated with tag's mirror),
one can create a custom mirror and migrate the tag or the expr to it.
* There is a shortcut that works in most cases. Requesting a type tag from
a full-blown universe will create that tag in a mirror that corresponds to
the callsite classloader aka `getClass.getClassLoader`. This imposes no
obligations on the programmer, since Type construction is lazy, so one
can always migrate a tag into a different mirror.

Migration notes for 2.10.0-M3 users:
* Incantations in Predef are gone, some of them have moved to scala.reflect.
* Everything path-dependent requires implicit prefix (for example, to refer
to a type tag, you need to explicitly specify the universe it belongs to,
e.g. reflect.basis.TypeTag or reflect.runtime.universe.TypeTag).
* ArrayTags have been removed, ConcreteTypeTag have been renamed to TypeTags,
TypeTags have been renamed to AbsTypeTags. Look for the reasoning in the
nearby children of this commit. Why not in this commit? Scroll this message
to the very bottom to find out the reason.
* Some of the functions have been renamed or moved around.
The rule of thumb is to look for anything non-trivial in scala.reflect.api.
Some of tree build utils have been moved to Universe.build.
* staticModule and staticClass have been moved from universes to mirrors
* ClassTag.erasure => ClassTag.runtimeClass
* For the sake of purity, type tags no longer have erasures.
Use multiple context bounds (e.g. def foo[T: ru.TypeTag : ClassTag](...) = ...)
if you're interested in having both erasures and types for type parameters.
* reify now rolls back macro applications.
* Runtime evaluation is now explicit, requires import scala.tools.reflect.Eval
and scala-compiler.jar on the classpath.
* Macro context now has separate universe and mirror fields.
* Most of the useful stuff is declared in c.universe,
so be sure to change your "import c.universe._" to "import c.mirror._".
* Due to the changes in expressions and type tags, their regular factories
are now really difficult to use. We acknowledge that macro users need to
frequently create exprs and tags, so we added old-style factories to context.
Bottom line: almost always prepend Expr(...)/TypeTag(...) with "c.".
* Expr.eval has been renamed to Expr.splice.
* Expr.value no longer splices (it can still be used to express cross-stage
path-dependent types as specified in SIP-16).
* c.reifyTree now has a mirror parameter that lets one customize the initial
mirror the resulting Expr will be bound to. If you provide EmptyTree, then
the reifier will automatically pick a reasonable mirror (callsite classloader
mirror for a full-blown universe and rootMirror for a basis universe).
Bottom line: this parameter should be EmptyTree in 99% of cases.
* c.reifyErasure => c.reifyRuntimeClass.

Known issues:
* API is really raw, need your feedback.
* All reflection artifacts are now represented by abstract types.
This means that pattern matching against them will emit unchecked warnings.
Adriaan is working on a patch that will fix that.

WARNING, FELLOW CODE EXPLORER! You have entered a turbulence zone.
For this commit and its nearby parents and children
tests are not guaranteed to work. Things get back to normal only after
the "repairs the tests after the refactoring spree" commit.

Why so weird? These twentish changesets were once parts of a humongous blob,
which spanned 1200 files and 15 kLOC. I did my best to split up the blob,
so that the individual parts of the code compile and make sense in isolation.
However doing the same for tests would be too much work.
ClassTag.erasure => ClassTag.runtimeClass

This change is made to be consistent with JavaMirrors.
And, in my opinion, a technology-neutral term is better here.
removes tags and their incantations from Predef

All tags and reflection-related stuff requires a prefix,
be it scala.reflect for simple tags (ArrayTags and ClassTags),
or scala.reflect.basis/scala.reflect.runtime.universe for type tags.
brings macros up to speed

Before reflection refactoring, macro contexts only exposed a mirror.
Now it's time to expose both a universe (the compiler instance) and
a mirror (a macro-specific symbol resolver).

By the way, speaking of mirrors. Macro contexts have their own mirror,
which is different from compiler's rootMirror. This is done because
macros need to be able to resolve stuff from empty package.

Reflection refactoring brought major changes to runtime evaluation,
which got dropped from universes and now requires scala-compiler.jar.
However there are macro users, who would like to do eval inside macros.
To help them we expose `libraryClassLoader` to manually build toolboxes,
and also a simple-to-use `c.eval` method.

I've also sneakily introduced `c.parse`, because it's something that
has also been frequently requested. Moreover, it might help Scaladoc.
So I decided that it might be worth it to add this new functionality.