rbd: document rbd_spec structure

I promised Josh I would document whether there were any restrictions
needed for accessing fields of an rbd_spec structure.  This adds a
big block of comments that documents the structure and how it is
used--including the fact that we don't attempt to synchronize access
to it.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: kill rbd_spec->image_name_len

There may have been a benefit to hanging on to the length of an
image name before, but there is really none now.  The only time it's
used is when probing for rbd images, so we can just compute the
length then.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: kill rbd_spec->image_id_len

There is no real benefit to keeping the length of an image id, so
get rid of it.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: don't use ENOTSUPP

ENOTSUPP is not a standard errno (it shows up as "Unknown error 524"
in an error message).  This is what was getting produced when the
the local rbd code does not implement features required by a
discovered rbd image.

Change the error code returned in this case to ENXIO.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: use kmemdup()

This replaces two kmalloc()/memcpy() combinations with a single
call to kmemdup().

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
ceph: define ceph_encode_8_safe()

It's kind of a silly macro, but ceph_encode_8_safe() is the only one
missing from an otherwise pretty complete set.  It's not used, but
neither are a couple of the others in this set.

While in there, insert some whitespace to tidy up the alignment of
the line-terminating backslashes in some of the macro definitions.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: fix ceph_pg_poolid_by_name()

Currently ceph_pg_poolid_by_name() returns an int, which is used to
encode a ceph pool id.  This could be a problem because a pool id
(at least in some cases) is a 64-bit value.  We have a defined pool
id value that represents "no pool," and that's a very sensible
return value here.

This patch changes ceph_pg_poolid_by_name() to return a 64-bit
pool id value, or CEPH_NOPOOL if the named pool is not found.

The patch also gratuitously renames the function, separating "pool"
from "id" in the name by an underscore.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: define and use rbd_warn()

Define a new function rbd_warn() that produces a boilerplate warning
message, identifying in the resulting message the affected rbd
device in the best way available.  Use it in a few places that now
use pr_warning().

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: add warning messages for missing arguments

Tell the user (via dmesg) what was wrong with the arguments provided
via /sys/bus/rbd/add.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: add a warning in bio_chain_clone_range()

Add a warning in bio_chain_clone_range() to help a user determine
what exactly might have led to a failure.  There is only one; please
say something if you disagree with the following reasoning.

There are three places this can return abnormally:
    - Initially, if there is nothing to clone.  It turns out that
      right now this cannot happen anyway.  The test is in place
      because the code below it doesn't work if those conditions
      don't hold.  As such they could be assertions but since I can
      return a null to indicate an error I just do that instead.
      I have not added a warning here because it won't happen.
    - While processing bio's, if none remain but there are supposed
      to be more bytes to clone.  Here I have added a warning.
    - If bio_clone_range() returns a null pointer.  That function
      will have already produced a warning (at least the first
      time, via WARN_ON_ONCE()) to distinguish the cause of the
      error.  The only exception is memory exhaustion, and I'd
      rather not pepper the code with warnings in all those spots.
      So no warning is added in that place.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: add warnings to rbd_dev_probe_update_spec()

Josh suggested adding warnings to this function to help users
diagnose problems.

Other than memory allocatino errors, there are two places where
errors can be returned.  Both represent problems that should
have been caught earlier, and as such might well have been
handled with BUG_ON() calls.  But if either ever did manage to
happen, it will be reported.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: standardize rbd_request variable names

There are two names used for items of rbd_request structure type:
"req" and "req_data".  The former name is also used to represent
items of pointers to struct ceph_osd_request.

Change all variables that have these names so they are instead
called "rbd_req" consistently.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: standardize ceph_osd_request variable names

There are spots where a ceph_osds_request pointer variable is given
the name "req".  Since we're dealing with (at least) three types of
requests (block layer, rbd, and osd), I find this slightly
distracting.

Change such instances to use "osd_req" consistently to make the
abstraction represented a little more obvious.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: be picky about osd request status type

The result field in a ceph osd reply header is a signed 32-bit type,
but rbd code often casually uses int to represent it.

The following changes the types of variables that handle this result
value to be "s32" instead of "int" to be completely explicit about
it.  Only at the point we pass that result to __blk_end_request()
does the type get converted to the plain old int defined for that
interface.

There is almost certainly no binary impact of this change, but I
prefer to show the exact size and signedness of the value since we
know it.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: encapsulate handling for a single request

In rbd_rq_fn(), requests are fetched from the block layer and each
request is processed, looping through the request's list of bio's
until they've all been consumed.

Separate the handling for a single request into its own function to
make it a bit easier to see what's going on.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: a little more cleanup of rbd_rq_fn()

Now that a big hunk in the middle of rbd_rq_fn() has been moved
into its own routine we can simplify it a little more.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: end request on error in rbd_do_request() caller

Only one of the three callers of rbd_do_request() provide a
collection structure to aggregate status.

If an error occurs in rbd_do_request(), have the caller
take care of calling rbd_coll_end_req() if necessary in
that one spot.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: fix reference leak in rbd_do_op()

This commit introduced a bug:
    4634246d rbd: consolidate rbd_do_op() calls

When a read request is being issued, the snapshot context provided
isn't needed.  But that snap context pointer was acquired in
rbd_rq_fn() and it carries with it a reference to that structure.
So before discarding it, the reference needs to be dropped.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: only get snap context for write requests

Right now we get and release the header semaphore every time we
process a request for an rbd image.  We do this because for write
requests we need to supply the snapshot context, and we can't
safely get a reference to it without holding that semaphore.

There's no need to get the snap context if we're doing a read,
so avoid doing so in that case.

The rbd_device->exists field can be updated asynchronously, changing
from set to clear if a mapped snapshot disappears from the base
image's snapshot context.  Although I don't think synchronizing
access to this carefully is that critical, it is converted here to
be an atomic variable so a request is aware the flag is clear as
soon as that is known.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
rbd: separate layout init

Pull a block of code that initializes the layout structure in an osd
request into its own function so it can be reused.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>