added application traits for PHP 5.4
added traits for the routes
merged the render and stream method of TwigTrait
added some unit tests
added more docs
merged branch fabpot/php54 (PR #378)

Commits
-------

63e660f added more docs
acf6081 added some unit tests
72ac7c5 merged the render and stream method of TwigTrait
a439ae7 added traits for the routes
3266c73 added application traits for PHP 5.4

Discussion
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PHP 5.4 support

This is a first attempt to provide useful shortcut methods on the Application class via traits. It also contains a `secure` method for routes.

Here is how you can make use of these features on PHP 5.4:

    use Silex\Application;
    use Silex\Route;

    class MyApp extends Application
    {
        use Application\TwigTrait;
        use Application\SecurityTrait;
        use Application\FormTrait;
        use Application\UrlGeneratorTrait;
        use Application\SwiftmailerTrait;
        use Application\MonologTrait;
        use Application\TranslationTrait;
    }

    class MyRoute extends Route
    {
        use Route\SecurityTrait;
    }

    $app = new MyApp();
    $app['route_factory'] = function () use ($app) {
        return new MyRoute();
    };

This PR depends on #376.

And here is a sample controller using the traits:

    $app->get('/{name}', function(Application $app, Request $request, $name) {

        $app->mail(\Swift_Message::newInstance()
            ->setSubject('[YourSite] Feedback')
            ->setFrom(array('noreply@yoursite.com'))
            ->setTo(array('feedback@yoursite.com'))
            ->setBody($request->get('message')));

        $app->log('Foo Bar');

        return $app->render('hello', [
            'name' => $name,
            'url'  => $app->url('home', ['name' => 'Fabien']),
            'user' => $app->user(),
        ]);
    })
    ->bind('home')
    ->assert('name', '\w+')
    ->secure('ROLE_ADMIN') // <- method defined in Route\SecurityTrait
    ;

As you can see, it makes things much more readable and easier to understand. And of course, it makes Silex very flexible as you can add any method on Application and Route. You just need to define a trait and register it on your custom Application or Route.

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by fabpot at 2012-06-17T15:32:15Z

Another option to avoid having to override the route factory is to define a parameter for the route class:

    $app['route_class'] = 'MyRoute';

Most of the time this should be sufficient.

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by fzaninotto at 2012-06-17T16:56:59Z

VERY readable. This change makes Silex even better. Great idea!

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by mrmark at 2012-06-18T17:42:57Z

This is really awesome!  Really shows off the power of traits.

I was trying out Silex a while ago, and I wanted to try to extend the Silex\Application class, but this sort of broke down at the [Silex\ControllerProviderInterface](https://github.com/fabpot/Silex/blob/master/src/Silex/ControllerProviderInterface.php#L28) because it expects the Silex\Application class.  This means that IDE's and the like wouldn't know about any new methods in my new class.  This is probably more important now with this PR because the IDE wouldn't know about any of the traits used.

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by stof at 2012-06-18T17:46:55Z

@mrmark There is nothing we can do for it. We cannot document the doc by mentioning your own application class. It would be wrong as the silex application class is valid, and it would be impossible as your own application class is not part of silex.

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by mrmark at 2012-06-18T18:17:20Z

@stof Sorry, I wasn't suggesting that Silex be modified to accommodate my application class specifically.  I'm not actually sure of the solution here, perhaps change the interface to look like so:

    public function connect($app);

And then depend upon the PHPDoc to tell the IDE what $app really is?  In the end, it would be nice if we knew what $app really was so we would know what methods and the like are available.

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by stof at 2012-06-18T18:19:20Z

@mrmark the issue is the same: the phpdoc is still in the Silex code. And removing typehints just because inheritance is allowed is wrong IMO

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by fabpot at 2012-06-19T07:51:38Z

I've just added a bunch of unit tests for the new traits. Any other thoughts before I merge?

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by GromNaN at 2012-06-19T08:05:22Z

Trait tests should be skipped for PHP < 5.4

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by fabpot at 2012-06-19T08:07:38Z

@GromNaN That's already the case.

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by igorw at 2012-06-19T11:17:26Z

:+1: Ship it!