usermodehelper: kill umh_wait, renumber UMH_* constants

No functional changes.  It is not sane to use UMH_KILLABLE with enum
umh_wait, but obviously we do not want another argument in
call_usermodehelper_* helpers.  Kill this enum, use the plain int.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
usermodehelper: ____call_usermodehelper() doesn't need do_exit()

Minor cleanup.  ____call_usermodehelper() can simply return, no need to
call do_exit() explicitely.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kmod: introduce call_modprobe() helper

No functional changes.  Move the call_usermodehelper code from
__request_module() into the new simple helper, call_modprobe().

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kmod: make __request_module() killable

As Tetsuo Handa pointed out, request_module() can stress the system
while the oom-killed caller sleeps in TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE.

The task T uses "almost all" memory, then it does something which
triggers request_module().  Say, it can simply call sys_socket().  This
in turn needs more memory and leads to OOM.  oom-killer correctly
chooses T and kills it, but this can't help because it sleeps in
TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE and after that oom-killer becomes "disabled" by the
TIF_MEMDIE task T.

Make __request_module() killable.  The only necessary change is that
call_modprobe() should kmalloc argv and module_name, they can't live in
the stack if we use UMH_KILLABLE.  This memory is freed via
call_usermodehelper_freeinfo()->cleanup.

Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
coredump: remove VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag

The motivation for this patchset was that I was looking at a way for a
qemu-kvm process, to exclude the guest memory from its core dump, which
can be quite large.  There are already a number of filter flags in
/proc/<pid>/coredump_filter, however, these allow one to specify 'types'
of kernel memory, not specific address ranges (which is needed in this
case).

Since there are no more vma flags available, the first patch eliminates
the need for the 'VM_ALWAYSDUMP' flag.  The flag is used internally by
the kernel to mark vdso and vsyscall pages.  However, it is simple
enough to check if a vma covers a vdso or vsyscall page without the need
for this flag.

The second patch then replaces the 'VM_ALWAYSDUMP' flag with a new
'VM_NODUMP' flag, which can be set by userspace using new madvise flags:
'MADV_DONTDUMP', and unset via 'MADV_DODUMP'.  The core dump filters
continue to work the same as before unless 'MADV_DONTDUMP' is set on the
region.

The qemu code which implements this features is at:

  http://people.redhat.com/~jbaron/qemu-dump/qemu-dump.patch

In my testing the qemu core dump shrunk from 383MB -> 13MB with this
patch.

I also believe that the 'MADV_DONTDUMP' flag might be useful for
security sensitive apps, which might want to select which areas are
dumped.

This patch:

The VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag is currently used by the coredump code to
indicate that a vma is part of a vsyscall or vdso section.  However, we
can determine if a vma is in one these sections by checking it against
the gate_vma and checking for a non-NULL return value from
arch_vma_name().  Thus, freeing a valuable vma bit.

Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
coredump: add VM_NODUMP, MADV_NODUMP, MADV_CLEAR_NODUMP

Since we no longer need the VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag, let's use the freed bit
for 'VM_NODUMP' flag.  The idea is is to add a new madvise() flag:
MADV_DONTDUMP, which can be set by applications to specifically request
memory regions which should not dump core.

The specific application I have in mind is qemu: we can add a flag there
that wouldn't dump all of guest memory when qemu dumps core.  This flag
might also be useful for security sensitive apps that want to absolutely
make sure that parts of memory are not dumped.  To clear the flag use:
MADV_DODUMP.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/MADV_NODUMP/MADV_DONTDUMP/, s/MADV_CLEAR_NODUMP/MADV_DODUMP/, per Roland]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up the architectures which broke]
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
fs/proc/kcore.c: make get_sparsemem_vmemmap_info() static

get_sparsemem_vmemmap_info() is only used inside fs/proc/kcore.c

Signed-off-by: Djalal Harouni <tixxdz@opendz.org>
Reviewed-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
proc: speed up /proc/stat handling

On a typical 16 cpus machine, "cat /proc/stat" gives more than 4096 bytes,
and is slow :

  # strace -T -o /tmp/STRACE cat /proc/stat | wc -c
  5826
  # grep "cpu " /tmp/STRACE
  read(0, "cpu  1949310 19 2144714 12117253"..., 32768) = 5826 <0.001504>

Thats partly because show_stat() must be called twice since initial
buffer size is too small (4096 bytes for less than 32 possible cpus)

Fix this by :

 1) Taking into account nr_irqs in the initial buffer sizing.

 2) Using ksize() to allow better filling of initial buffer.

Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Russell King - ARM Linux <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
procfs: add num_to_str() to speed up /proc/stat

== stat_check.py
num = 0
with open("/proc/stat") as f:
        while num < 1000 :
                data = f.read()
                f.seek(0, 0)
                num = num + 1
==

perf shows

    20.39%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] format_decode
    13.41%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] number
    12.61%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] vsnprintf
    10.85%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] memcpy
     4.85%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] radix_tree_lookup
     4.43%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] seq_printf

This patch removes most of calls to vsnprintf() by adding num_to_str()
and seq_print_decimal_ull(), which prints decimal numbers without rich
functions provided by printf().

On my 8cpu box.
== Before patch ==
[root@bluextal test]# time ./stat_check.py

real    0m0.150s
user    0m0.026s
sys     0m0.121s

== After patch ==
[root@bluextal test]# time ./stat_check.py

real    0m0.055s
user    0m0.022s
sys     0m0.030s

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove incorrect comment, use less statck in num_to_str(), move comment from .h to .c, simplify seq_put_decimal_ull()]
[andrea@betterlinux.com: avoid breaking the ABI in /proc/stat]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrea Righi <andrea@betterlinux.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
procfs: speed up /proc/pid/stat, statm

Process accounting applications as top, ps visit some files under
/proc/<pid>.  With seq_put_decimal_ull(), we can optimize /proc/<pid>/stat
and /proc/<pid>/statm files.

This patch adds
  - seq_put_decimal_ll() for signed values.
  - allow delimiter == 0.
  - convert seq_printf() to seq_put_decimal_ull/ll in /proc/stat, statm.

Test result on a system with 2000+ procs.

Before patch:
  [kamezawa@bluextal test]$ top -b -n 1 | wc -l
  2223
  [kamezawa@bluextal test]$ time top -b -n 1 > /dev/null

  real    0m0.675s
  user    0m0.044s
  sys     0m0.121s

  [kamezawa@bluextal test]$ time ps -elf > /dev/null

  real    0m0.236s
  user    0m0.056s
  sys     0m0.176s

After patch:
  kamezawa@bluextal ~]$ time top -b -n 1 > /dev/null

  real    0m0.657s
  user    0m0.052s
  sys     0m0.100s

  [kamezawa@bluextal ~]$ time ps -elf > /dev/null

  real    0m0.198s
  user    0m0.050s
  sys     0m0.145s

Considering top, ps tend to scan /proc periodically, this will reduce cpu
consumption by top/ps to some extent.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
proc-ns: use d_set_d_op() API to set dentry ops in proc_ns_instantiate().

The namespace cleanup path leaks a dentry which holds a reference count
on a network namespace.  Keeping that network namespace from being freed
when the last user goes away.  Leaving things like vlan devices in the
leaked network namespace.

If you use ip netns add for much real work this problem becomes apparent
pretty quickly.  It light testing the problem hides because frequently
you simply don't notice the leak.

Use d_set_d_op() so that DCACHE_OP_* flags are set correctly.

This issue exists back to 3.0.

Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Reported-by: Justin Pettit <jpettit@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: Pravin B Shelar <pshelar@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
seq_file: add seq_set_overflow(), seq_overflow()

It is undocumented but a seq_file's overflow state is indicated by
m->count == m->size.  Add seq_set_overflow() and seq_overflow() to
set/check overflow status explicitly.

Based on an idea from Eric Dumazet.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak code comment]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge branch 'akpm' (Andrew's patch-bomb)

Merge second batch of patches from Andrew Morton:
 - various misc things
 - core kernel changes to prctl, exit, exec, init, etc.
 - kernel/watchdog.c updates
 - get_maintainer
 - MAINTAINERS
 - the backlight driver queue
 - core bitops code cleanups
 - the led driver queue
 - some core prio_tree work
 - checkpatch udpates
 - largeish crc32 update
 - a new poll() feature for the v4l guys
 - the rtc driver queue
 - fatfs
 - ptrace
 - signals
 - kmod/usermodehelper updates
 - coredump
 - procfs updates

* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (141 commits)
  seq_file: add seq_set_overflow(), seq_overflow()
  proc-ns: use d_set_d_op() API to set dentry ops in proc_ns_instantiate().
  procfs: speed up /proc/pid/stat, statm
  procfs: add num_to_str() to speed up /proc/stat
  proc: speed up /proc/stat handling
  fs/proc/kcore.c: make get_sparsemem_vmemmap_info() static
  coredump: add VM_NODUMP, MADV_NODUMP, MADV_CLEAR_NODUMP
  coredump: remove VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag
  kmod: make __request_module() killable
  kmod: introduce call_modprobe() helper
  usermodehelper: ____call_usermodehelper() doesn't need do_exit()
  usermodehelper: kill umh_wait, renumber UMH_* constants
  usermodehelper: implement UMH_KILLABLE
  usermodehelper: introduce umh_complete(sub_info)
  usermodehelper: use UMH_WAIT_PROC consistently
  signal: zap_pid_ns_processes: s/SEND_SIG_NOINFO/SEND_SIG_FORCED/
  signal: oom_kill_task: use SEND_SIG_FORCED instead of force_sig()
  signal: cosmetic, s/from_ancestor_ns/force/ in prepare_signal() paths
  signal: give SEND_SIG_FORCED more power to beat SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE
  Hexagon: use set_current_blocked() and block_sigmask()
  ...
Merge branch 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull additional x86 fixes from Peter Anvin:
 - address a long-standing bug related to when a kernel-spawned process
   gets a signal on an i386 kernel compiled without CONFIG_VM86.

 - fix the newly introduced build warning in arch/x86/boot.

 - fix a typo in the i386 system call table which affects building some
   libcs.

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86-32: Fix endless loop when processing signals for kernel tasks
  x86, boot: Correct CFLAGS for hostprogs
  x86-32: Fix typo for mq_getsetattr in syscall table
Merge branch 'mmci' into amba
Merge tag 'ia64-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux

Pull miscellaneous Itanium patches from Tony Luck.

The conflicts in arch/ia64/hp/sim/simserial.c were due to patches to
simserial that had alredy been included (with lots of further cleanups)
in the serial tree.

* tag 'ia64-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux:
  Documentation/kernel-parameters: remove inttest parameter
  [IA64] Fix ISA IRQ trigger model and polarity setting
  [IA64] Fix a couple of warnings for EXPORT_SYMBOL
  [IA64] Check return from device_register() in cx_device_register()
  [IA64] Fix warning from machine_kexec.c
  [IA64] simserial, bail out when request_irq fails
  [IA64] hpsim, initialize chip for assigned irqs
  [IA64] simserial, include some headers
  [IA64] hpsim, fix SAL handling in fw-emu
  [IA64] genirq fixup for SGI/SN
  [IA64] disable interrupts when exiting from ia64_mca_cmc_int_handler()
Merge tag 'for-3.4' of git://openrisc.net/jonas/linux

Pull OpenRISC changes for 3.4 from Jonas Bonn:
 "This series for the OpenRISC architecture consists of mostly trivial
  fixups.  The most interesting bits of the series are:

  * A fix to the timer code whereby the shortest trigger period is set
    to 100 cycles; previously, it was possible to set this to 1 cycle,
    but by the time the register was written, that time had already
    passed and the timer interrupt would not go off until the cycle
    counter had gone a full cycle.

  * Allowing a device tree binary to be passed in to the kernel from
    u-boot.  The OpenRISC architecture has been recently merged into
    upstream u-boot, so this change gets OpenRISC Linux into sync with
    that project."

* tag 'for-3.4' of git://openrisc.net/jonas/linux:
  OpenRISC: Remove memory_start/end prototypes
  openrisc: remove semicolon from KSTK_ defs
  openrisc: sanitize use of orig_gpr11
  openrisc: fix virt_addr_valid
  OpenRISC: Export dump_stack()
  OpenRISC: Select GENERIC_ATOMIC64
  openrisc: Set shortest clock event to 100 ticks
  openrisc: included linux/thread_info.h twice
  OpenRISC: Use set_current_blocked() and block_sigmask()
  OpenRISC: Don't mask signals if we fail to setup signal stack
  OpenRISC: No need to reset handler if SA_ONESHOT
  OpenRISC: Don't reimplement force_sigsegv()
  openrisc: enable passing of flattened device tree pointer
  arch/openrisc/mm/init.c: trivial: use BUG_ON
Merge branch 'for-armsoc' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm

Pull #1 ARM updates from Russell King:
 "This one covers stuff which Arnd is waiting for me to push, as this is
  shared between both our trees and probably other trees elsewhere.

  Essentially, this contains:
   - AMBA primecell device initializer updates - mostly shrinking the
     size of the device declarations in platform code to something more
     reasonable.
   - Getting rid of the NO_IRQ crap from AMBA primecell stuff.
   - Nicolas' idle cleanups.  This in combination with the restart
     cleanups from the last merge window results in a great many
     mach/system.h files being deleted."

Yay: ~80 files, ~2000 lines deleted.

* 'for-armsoc' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm: (60 commits)
  ARM: remove disable_fiq and arch_ret_to_user macros
  ARM: make entry-macro.S depend on !MULTI_IRQ_HANDLER
  ARM: rpc: make default fiq handler run-time installed
  ARM: make arch_ret_to_user macro optional
  ARM: amba: samsung: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: spear: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: nomadik: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: u300: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: lpc32xx: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: netx: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: bcmring: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: ep93xx: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: omap2: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: integrator: use common amba device initializers
  ARM: amba: realview: get rid of private platform amba_device initializer
  ARM: amba: versatile: get rid of private platform amba_device initializer
  ARM: amba: vexpress: get rid of private platform amba_device initializer
  ARM: amba: provide common initializers for static amba devices
  ARM: amba: make use of -1 IRQs warn
  ARM: amba: u300: get rid of NO_IRQ initializers
  ...
Merge branch 'amba' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm

Pull #2 ARM updates from Russell King:
 "Further ARM AMBA primecell updates which aren't included directly in
  the previous commit.  I wanted to keep these separate as they're
  touching stuff outside arch/arm/."

* 'amba' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm:
  ARM: 7362/1: AMBA: Add module_amba_driver() helper macro for amba_driver
  ARM: 7335/1: mach-u300: do away with MMC config files
  ARM: 7280/1: mmc: mmci: Cache MMCICLOCK and MMCIPOWER register
  ARM: 7309/1: realview: fix unconnected interrupts on EB11MP
  ARM: 7230/1: mmc: mmci: Fix PIO read for small SDIO packets
  ARM: 7227/1: mmc: mmci: Prepare for SDIO before setting up DMA job
  ARM: 7223/1: mmc: mmci: Fixup use of runtime PM and use autosuspend
  ARM: 7221/1: mmc: mmci: Change from using legacy suspend
  ARM: 7219/1: mmc: mmci: Change vdd_handler to a generic ios_handler
  ARM: 7218/1: mmc: mmci: Provide option to configure bus signal direction
  ARM: 7217/1: mmc: mmci: Put power register deviations in variant data
  ARM: 7216/1: mmc: mmci: Do not release spinlock in request_end
  ARM: 7215/1: mmc: mmci: Increase max_segs from 16 to 128
Merge branch 'pcmcia' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm

Pull #3 ARM updates from Russell King:
 "This adds gpio support to soc_common, allowing an amount of code to be
  deleted from each PCMCIA socket driver for the PXA/SA11x0 SoCs."

* 'pcmcia' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm:
  PCMCIA: sa1111: rename sa1111 socket drivers to have sa1111_ prefix.
  PCMCIA: make lubbock socket driver part of sa1111_cs
  PCMCIA: add Kconfig control for building sa11xx_base.c
  PCMCIA: sa1111: jornada720: no need to disable IRQs around sa1111_set_io
  PCMCIA: sa1111: pass along sa1111_pcmcia_configure_socket() failure code
  PCMCIA: soc_common: remove explicit wrprot initialization in socket drivers
  PCMCIA: soc_common: remove soc_pcmcia_*_irqs functions
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: h3600: convert to use new irq/gpio management
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: simpad: convert to use new irq/gpio management
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: shannon: convert to use new irq/gpio management
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: nanoengine: convert reset handling to use GPIO subsystem
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: nanoengine: convert to use new irq/gpio management
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: cerf: convert reset handling to use GPIO subsystem
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: cerf: convert to use new irq/gpio management
  PCMCIA: sa11x0: assabet: convert to use new irq/gpio management
  PCMCIA: sa1111: use new per-socket irq/gpio infrastructure
  PCMCIA: pxa: convert PXA socket drivers to use new irq/gpio management
  PCMCIA: soc_common: add GPIO support for card status signals
  PCMCIA: soc_common: move common initialization into soc_common