(#10802) add new function get_module_path

This commit adds a new function called get_module_path.

get_module_path returns the absolute path of a specified module. The
code and functionality is very similar to how templates and files
are detected inside of modules.

the function has been tested against puppet 2.6.10 and 2.7.x
Merge pull request #25 from bodepd/feature/master/10802_get_module_path

(#10802) add new function get_module_path
Merge branch 'v2.x'

* v2.x:
  Docs: Clarify the use case for the anchor type
  Docs: Remove author emails from stdlib functions
  Docs: Copyedit function doc strings
  Docs: Correct indentation of markdown code examples
  Docs: Update documentation of stdlib classes
  Docs: Update file_line documentation
  Docs: Improve example in merge function
(maint) Add semantic versioning info to README

This patch adds semantic versioning information to the README of this
module.  This information is missing and unclear without this patch.
This should help clarify the support matrix for the Standard Library as
it relates to Puppet Enterprise released versions.
Merge branch 'v2.1.x' into v2.2.x

* v2.1.x:
  (maint) Add semantic versioning info to README
  Docs: Clarify the use case for the anchor type
  Docs: Remove author emails from stdlib functions
  Docs: Copyedit function doc strings
  Docs: Correct indentation of markdown code examples
  Docs: Update documentation of stdlib classes
  Docs: Update file_line documentation
  Docs: Improve example in merge function
Merge branch 'v2.2.x'

* v2.2.x:
  (maint) Add semantic versioning info to README
Update Modulefile CHANGELOG for v2.1.2 release
Merge branch '2.1.x' into 2.2.x

* 2.1.x:
  Update Modulefile CHANGELOG for v2.1.2 release

Conflicts:
	CHANGELOG
	Modulefile
Merge branch '2.2.x'

* 2.2.x:
  Update Modulefile CHANGELOG for v2.1.2 release
Update CHANGELOG and Modulefile for 2.2.1
Merge branch '2.2.x'

* 2.2.x:
  Update CHANGELOG and Modulefile for 2.2.1
(#11607) Add Rakefile to enable spec testing

Without this patch the 2.1.x branch does not have a Rakefile like the
2.2.x and master branches do.  This is a problem for the continuous
integration testing since it executes `rake test` against 2.1.x, 2.2.x
and master currently.

This patch fixes the problem by copying the Rakefile into place enabling
the `rake test` task.

Reviewed-by: Josh Cooper
Merge pull request #26 from jeffmccune/ticket/2.1.x/11607_fix_ci_tests_for_stdlib

(#11607) Add Rakefile to enable spec testing
Merge branch '2.1.x' into 2.2.x

* 2.1.x:
  (#11607) Add Rakefile to enable spec testing
Merge branch '2.2.x'

* 2.2.x:
  (#11607) Add Rakefile to enable spec testing
New str2saltedsha512 function for OS X Passwords

OS X 10.7 introduced salted-SHA512 password hashes as opposed to the
older LANMAN + SHA1 hashes. To assist in generating properly-formatted
password hashes, this commit adds the str2saltedsha512() function which
accepts a single string argument (the password) and returns a
salted-SHA512 password hash which can be fed as the password attribute
of a user resource in OS X 10.7.

Spec tests are also added to ensure that functionality isn't broken with
future commits.
Merge pull request #27 from glarizza/feature/master/str2saltedsha512

New str2saltedsha512 function for OS X Passwords
(#11873) time function spec failure on Fixnum matcher

The rspec code for the time function was trying to match the type to be a
'Fixnum'. Ruby will sometimes make this a 'Bignum' depending on its internals
and we can't rely on this to be true all the time.

This patch just makes sure the type is an integer instead.
Merge pull request #28 from kbarber/ticket/2.2.x/11873-time_spec_failure

(#11873) time function spec failure on Fixnum matcher
Merge branch '2.2.x'

* 2.2.x:
  (#11873) time function spec failure on Fixnum matcher