xmkstemp(): avoid showing truncated template more carefully

Some implementations of xmkstemp() leaves the given in/out buffer
truncated when they return with failure.

6cf6bb3 (Improve error messages when temporary file creation fails,
2010-12-18) attempted to show the real filename we tried to create
(but failed), and if that is not available due to such truncation,
to show the original template that was given by the caller.

But it failed to take into account that the given template could
have "directory/" in front, in which case the truncation point may
not be template[0] but somewhere else.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Makefile: detect when PYTHON_PATH changes

When make is run, the python scripts are created from *.py files that
are changed to use the python given by PYTHON_PATH. And PYTHON_PATH
is set by default to /usr/bin/python on Linux.

This is nice except when you run make another time setting a
different PYTHON_PATH, because, as the python scripts have already
been created, make finds nothing to do.

The goal of this patch is to detect when the PYTHON_PATH changes and
to create the python scripts again when this happens. To do that we
use the same trick that is done to track other variables like prefix,
flags, tcl/tk path and shell path. We update a GIT-PYTHON-VARS file
with the PYTHON_PATH and check if it changed.

Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Acked-by: Pete Wyckoff <pw@padd.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Makefile: replace "echo 1>..." with "echo >..."

This is clearer to many people this way.

Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t0200: "locale" may not exist

On systems without "locale" installed, t0200-gettext-basic.sh leaked
error messages when checking if some test locales are available.
Hide them, as they are not very useful.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t9502: do not assume GNU tar

The check_snapshot function makes sure that no cruft outside the
repository hierarchy is added to the tar archive.  The output from
"tar tf" on the resulting archive is inspected to see if there is
anything that does not begin with "$prefix/".

There are two issues with this implementation:

 - Traditional tar implemenations that do not understand
   pax_global_header will write it out as if it is a plain file at
   the top-level;

 - Some implementations of tar do not add trailing slash when
   showing a directory entry (i.e. the output line for the entire
   archive will show "$prefix", not "$prefix/").

Fix them so that what we want to validate can be tested with
traditional tar implementations.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t4014: fix arguments to grep

These "expect-failure" tests were not looking for the right string
in the patch file.  For example:

	grep "^ *"S. E. Cipient" <scipient@example.com>\$" patch5

was looking for "^ *S." in these three files:

    "E."
    "Cipient <scipient@example.com>$"
    "patch5"

With some implementations of grep, the lack of file "E." was
reported as an error, leading to the failure of the test.

With other implementations of grep, the pattern "^ *S." matched what
was in patch5, without diagnosing the missing files as an error, and
made these tests unexpectedly pass.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Merge branch 'jc/maint-test-portability' into 'jc/test-portability'

* jc/maint-test-portability:
  t4014: fix arguments to grep
  t9502: do not assume GNU tar
  t0200: "locale" may not exist
t3600: Avoid "cp -a", which is a GNUism

With d4a7ffa (tests: "cp -a" is a GNUism, 2012-10-08), we got rid of
most of them, but the ones in a topic that was still in flight were
missed.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
t9020: use configured Python to run the test helper

The test helper svnrdump_sim.py is used as "svnrdump" during the
execution of this test, but the arrangement was not optimal:

 - it relied on symbolic links;
 - unportable "export VAR=VAL" was used;
 - GIT_BUILD_DIR variable was not quoted correctly;
 - it assumed that the Python interpreter is in /usr/bin/ and
   called "python" (i.e. not "python2.7" etc.)

Rework this by writing a small shell script that spawns the right
Python interpreter, using the right quoting.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
submodule update: add --remote for submodule's upstream changes

The current `update` command incorporates the superproject's gitlinked
SHA-1 ($sha1) into the submodule HEAD ($subsha1).  Depending on the
options you use, it may checkout $sha1, rebase the $subsha1 onto
$sha1, or merge $sha1 into $subsha1.  This helps you keep up with
changes in the upstream superproject.

However, it's also useful to stay up to date with changes in the
upstream subproject.  Previous workflows for incorporating such
changes include the ungainly:

  $ git submodule foreach 'git checkout $(git config --file $toplevel/.gitmodules submodule.$name.branch) && git pull'

With this patch, all of the useful functionality for incorporating
superproject changes can be reused to incorporate upstream subproject
updates.  When you specify --remote, the target $sha1 is replaced with
a $sha1 of the submodule's origin/master tracking branch.  If you want
to merge a different tracking branch, you can configure the
`submodule.<name>.branch` option in `.gitmodules`.  You can override
the `.gitmodules` configuration setting for a particular superproject
by configuring the option in that superproject's default configuration
(using the usual configuration hierarchy, e.g. `.git/config`,
`~/.gitconfig`, etc.).

Previous use of submodule.<name>.branch
=======================================

Because we're adding a new configuration option, it's a good idea to
check if anyone else is already using the option.  The foreach-pull
example above was described by Ævar in

  commit f030c96d8643fa0a1a9b2bd9c2f36a77721fb61f
  Author: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
  Date:   Fri May 21 16:10:10 2010 +0000

    git-submodule foreach: Add $toplevel variable

Gerrit uses the same interpretation for the setting, but because
Gerrit has direct access to the subproject repositories, it updates
the superproject repositories automatically when a subproject changes.
Gerrit also accepts the special value '.', which it expands into the
superproject's branch name.

Although the --remote functionality is using `submodule.<name>.branch`
slightly differently, the effect is the same.  The foreach-pull
example uses the option to record the name of the local branch to
checkout before pulls.  The tracking branch to be pulled is recorded
in `.git/modules/<name>/config`, which was initialized by the module
clone during `submodule add` or `submodule init`.  Because the branch
name stored in `submodule.<name>.branch` was likely the same as the
branch name used during the initial `submodule add`, the same branch
will be pulled in each workflow.

Implementation details
======================

In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote`
fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the
SHA-1.  However, I didn't change the logic guarding the existing fetch:

  if test -z "$nofetch"
  then
    # Run fetch only if $sha1 isn't present or it
    # is not reachable from a ref.
    (clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" &&
      ( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) &&
       test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) ||
    die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$path'")"
  fi

There will not be a double-fetch, because the new $sha1 determined
after the `--remote` triggered fetch should always exist in the
repository.  If it doesn't, it's because some racy process removed it
from the submodule's repository and we *should* be re-fetching.

Signed-off-by: W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
submodule add: If --branch is given, record it in .gitmodules

This allows you to easily record a submodule.<name>.branch option in
.gitmodules when you add a new submodule.  With this patch,

  $ git submodule add -b <branch> <repository> [<path>]
  $ git config -f .gitmodules submodule.<path>.branch <branch>

reduces to

  $ git submodule add -b <branch> <repository> [<path>]

This means that future calls to

  $ git submodule update --remote ...

will get updates from the same branch that you used to initialize the
submodule, which is usually what you want.

Signed-off-by: W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
compat/fnmatch: update old-style definition to ANSI

We try to avoid touching borrowed code, but we encourage people to
write without old-style definition and compile with -Werror these
days, and on platforms that need to use NO_FNMATCH, these three
functions make the compilation fail.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Merge branch 'sl/git-svn-docs' into jch

Will cook in 'next'.

* sl/git-svn-docs:
  git-svn: Note about tags.
  git-svn: Expand documentation for --follow-parent
  git-svn: Recommend use of structure options.
  git-svn: Document branches with at-sign(@).
Merge branch 'nd/index-format-doc' into jch

* nd/index-format-doc:
  index-format.txt: clarify what is "invalid"
Merge branch 'jc/fetch-tags-doc' into jch

The explanation for "fetch --tags" was actually talking more about
"fetch --no-tags".  Clariify what "--tags" really means.

* jc/fetch-tags-doc:
  fetch --tags: clarify documentation
Merge branch 'sl/readme-gplv2' into jch

Clarify that the project as a whole is GPLv2 only, with some parts
borrowed under different licenses that are compatible with GPLv2.

* sl/readme-gplv2:
  README: it does not matter who the current maintainer is
  README: Git is released under the GPLv2, not just "the GPL"
Merge branch 'as/doc-for-devs' into jch

It might be a better idea to move the text the bottom one adds to
the extended description from the quick checklist part.

* as/doc-for-devs:
  Documentation: move support for old compilers to CodingGuidelines
  SubmittingPatches: add convention of prefixing commit messages
Merge branch 'jk/avoid-mailto-invalid-in-doc' into jch

Avoids invalid sample e-mail addresses from becoming mailto links
in the formatted output, which by itself is "Meh" for me (who
cares?).
It highlights some issues with ``pretty quotes''; AsciiDoc 8.5.2
seems to have problems with the construct.

* jk/avoid-mailto-invalid-in-doc:
  Documentation: don't link to example mail addresses
Merge branch 'ta/api-index-doc' into jch

Will merge to 'master'.

* ta/api-index-doc:
  Remove misleading date from api-index-skel.txt
Merge branch 'cr/doc-checkout-branch' into jch

Document the magic "git checkout <no-such-branch>" hack to create
local branch out of a remote tracking branch that hasn't been
documented so far.

Will merge to 'next'.

* cr/doc-checkout-branch:
  Documentation/git-checkout.txt: document 70c9ac2 behavior
  Documentation/git-checkout.txt: clarify usage