fuse: Convert to kstrtoul_from_user

This patch replaces the code for getting an number from a
userspace buffer by a simple call to kstroul_from_user.
This makes it easier to read and less error prone.

Signed-off-by: Peter Huewe <peterhuewe@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
fuse: add FALLOCATE operation

fallocate filesystem operation preallocates media space for the given file.
If fallocate returns success then any subsequent write to the given range
never fails with 'not enough space' error.

Signed-off-by: Anatol Pomozov <anatol.pomozov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
fuse: optimize fallocate on permanent failure

If userspace filesystem doesn't support fallocate, remember this and don't send
request next time.

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
ACPI battery: only refresh the sysfs files when pertinent information changes

We only need to regenerate the sysfs files when the capacity units
change, avoid the update otherwise.

The origin of this issue is dates way back to 2.6.38:
da8aeb92d4853f37e281f11fddf61f9c7d84c3cd
(ACPI / Battery: Update information on info notification and resume)

cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Ralf Jung <post@ralfj.de>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
ACPI: Ignore invalid _PSS entries, but use valid ones

The EliteBook 8560W has non-initialized entries in its _PSS ACPI
table. Instead of bailing out when the first non-initialized entry is
found, ignore it and use only  the valid entries. Only bail out if there
is no valid entry at all.

[v3: Fixes suggested by Konrad]

Signed-off-by: Marco Aurelio da Costa <costa@gamic.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
fuse: fix stat call on 32 bit platforms

Now we store attr->ino at inode->i_ino, return attr->ino at the
first time and then return inode->i_ino if the attribute timeout
isn't expired. That's wrong on 32 bit platforms because attr->ino
is 64 bit and inode->i_ino is 32 bit in this case.

Fix this by saving 64 bit ino in fuse_inode structure and returning
it every time we call getattr. Also squash attr->ino into inode->i_ino
explicitly.

Signed-off-by: Pavel Shilovsky <piastry@etersoft.ru>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
fuse: fix blksize calculation

Don't use inode->i_blkbits which might be stale, instead calculate the blksize
information from the freshly obtained attributes.

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
mm: frontswap: add frontswap header file

Frontswap is the alter ego of cleancache, the "yang" to cleancache's
"yin"... and more precisely frontswap is the provider of anonymous
pages to transcendent memory to nicely complement cleancache's providing
of clean pagecache pages to transcendent memory.  For optimal use
of transcendent memory, both are necessary... because a kernel
under memory pressure first reclaims clean pagecache pages and,
when under more memory pressure, starts swapping anonymous pages.

Frontswap and cleancache (which was merged at 3.0) are the "frontends"
and the only necessary changes to the core kernel for transcendent memory;
all other supporting code -- the "backends" -- is implemented as drivers.
See the LWN.net article "Transcendent memory in a nutshell" for a detailed
overview of frontswap and related kernel parts:
https://lwn.net/Articles/454795/

Frontswap code was first posted publicly in January 2009 and on LKML in
May 2009, and has remained functionally stable for nearly three years now.
It is barely invasive, touching only the swap subsystem and adds less
than 100 lines of code to existing swap subsystem code files.
It has improved syntactically substantially between V1 and this posting
of V14, thanks to the review of a few kernel developers, and has adapted
easily to at least one major swap subsystem change.  As of 3.4, there are
three in-tree users of frontswap patiently waiting for this patchset and
for CONFIG_FRONTSWAP to be enabled: zcache (staging driver merged at
2.6.39), Xen tmem (merged at 3.0 and 3.1) and RAMster (staging driver
merged at 3.4).  In addition, a RFC has been posted for a KVM backend.
The frontswap patchset has been in linux-next since next-110603.  Earlier
versions of frontswap already ship in the Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel
and SuSE SLES.

This patch, 1of4, provides the header file for the core code for frontswap
that interfaces between the hooks in the swap subsystem and a frontswap
backend via frontswap_ops.
---
New file added: include/linux/frontswap.h

[v14: add support for writethrough, per suggestion by aarcange@redhat.com]
[v14: rebase to 3.4-rc2]
[v11: konrad.wilk@oracle.com: squashed s/flush/invalidate/ in]
[v10: no change]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: change "flush" to "invalidate", part 1]
[v8: rebase to 3.0-rc4]
[v7: rebase to 3.0-rc3]
[v7: JBeulich@novell.com: new static inlines resolve to no-ops if not config'd]
[v7: JBeulich@novell.com: avoid redundant shifts/divides for *_bit lib calls]
[v6: rebase to 3.1-rc1]
[v5: no change from v4]
[v4: rebase to 2.6.39]
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik Riel <riel@redhat.com>
[v15: int/bool on some functions]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
mm: frontswap: core swap subsystem hooks and headers

This patch, 2of4, contains the changes to the core swap subsystem.
This includes:

(1) makes available core swap data structures (swap_lock, swap_list and
swap_info) that are needed by frontswap.c but we don't need to expose them
to the dozens of files that include swap.h so we create a new swapfile.h
just to extern-ify these and modify their declarations to non-static

(2) adds frontswap-related elements to swap_info_struct.  Frontswap_map
points to vzalloc'ed one-bit-per-swap-page metadata that indicates
whether the swap page is in frontswap or in the device and frontswap_pages
counts how many pages are in frontswap.

(3) adds hooks in the swap subsystem and extends try_to_unuse so that
frontswap_shrink can do a "partial swapoff".

Note that a failed frontswap_map allocation is safe... failure is noted
by lack of "FS" in the subsequent printk.

---

[v14: rebase to 3.4-rc2]
[v10: no change]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: mark some statics __read_mostly]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: add clarifying comments]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: no need to loop repeating try_to_unuse]
[v9: error27@gmail.com: remove superfluous check for NULL]
[v8: rebase to 3.0-rc4]
[v8: kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: change counter to atomic_t to avoid races]
[v8: kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: comment to clarify informational counters]
[v7: rebase to 3.0-rc3]
[v7: JBeulich@novell.com: add new swap struct elements only if config'd]
[v6: rebase to 3.0-rc1]
[v6: lliubbo@gmail.com: fix null pointer deref if vzalloc fails]
[v6: konrad.wilk@oracl.com: various checks and code clarifications/comments]
[v5: no change from v4]
[v4: rebase to 2.6.39]
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
[v11: Rebased, fixed mm/swapfile.c context change]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
mm: frontswap: core frontswap functionality

This patch, 3of4, provides the core frontswap code that interfaces between
the hooks in the swap subsystem and a frontswap backend via frontswap_ops.

---
New file added: mm/frontswap.c

[v14: add support for writethrough, per suggestion by aarcange@redhat.com]
[v11: sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com: s/puts/failed_puts/]
[v10: sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com: fix debugfs calls on 32-bit]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: change "flush" to "invalidate", part 1]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: mark some statics __read_mostly]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: add clarifying comments]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: no need to loop repeating try_to_unuse]
[v9: error27@gmail.com: remove superfluous check for NULL]
[v8: rebase to 3.0-rc4]
[v8: kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: add comment to clarify find_next_to_unuse]
[v7: rebase to 3.0-rc3]
[v7: JBeulich@novell.com: use new static inlines, no-ops if not config'd]
[v6: rebase to 3.1-rc1]
[v6: lliubbo@gmail.com: use vzalloc]
[v6: lliubbo@gmail.com: fix null pointer deref if vzalloc fails]
[v6: konrad.wilk@oracl.com: various checks and code clarifications/comments]
[v4: rebase to 2.6.39]
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
[v12: Squashed s/flush/invalidate/ in]
[v15: A bit of cleanup and seperate DEBUGFS]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
mm: frontswap: config and doc files

This patch 4of4 adds configuration and documentation files including a FAQ.

[v14: updated docs/FAQ to use zcache and RAMster as examples]
[v10: no change]
[v9: akpm@linux-foundation.org: sysfs->debugfs; no longer need Doc/ABI file]
[v8: rebase to 3.0-rc4]
[v7: rebase to 3.0-rc3]
[v6: rebase to 3.0-rc1]
[v5: change config default to n]
[v4: rebase to 2.6.39]
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Rik Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
MAINTAINER: Add myself for the frontswap API

Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
frontswap: s/put_page/store/g s/get_page/load

Sounds so much more natural.

Suggested-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
genirq: Add IRQS_PENDING for nested and simple irq

Every interrupt which is an active wakeup source needs the ability to
abort suspend if there is a pending irq. Right now only edge and level
irqs can do that.

            |
       +---------+
       |   INTC  |
       +---------+
               | GPIO_IRQ
            +------------+
            |  gpio-exp  |
            +------------+
              |        |
         GPIO0_IRQ  GPIO1_IRQ

In the above diagram, gpio expander has irq number GPIO_IRQ, it is
connected with two sub GPIO pins, GPIO0 and GPIO1.

During suspend, we set IRQF_NO_SUSPEND for GPIO_IRQ so that gpio
expander driver can handle the sub irq GPIO0_IRQ and GPIO1_IRQ, and
these two irqs themselves can further be handled by simple or nested
irq in some drivers(typically gpio and mfd driver). If they are used
as wakeup sources during suspend, we want them to be able to abort
suspend too.

Setting IRQS_PENDING flag in handle_nested_irq() and handle_simple_irq()
when the irq is disabled allows check_wakeup_irqs() to identify such
irqs as source for aborting suspend.

Signed-off-by: Ning Jiang <ning.n.jiang@gmail.com>
Cc: rjw@sisk.pl
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAH3Oq6T905%2B3fkF43NAMMFvJvq7dsk_so6T2vQ8ZJrA5xiU3YA@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
genirq: Introduce irq_do_set_affinity() to reduce duplicated code

All invocations of chip->irq_set_affinity() are doing the same return
value checks. Let them all use a common function.

[ tglx: removed the silly likely while at it ]

Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <liuj97@gmail.com>
Cc: Keping Chen <chenkeping@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1333120296-13563-3-git-send-email-jiang.liu@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
smpboot, idle: Optimize calls to smp_processor_id() in idle_threads_init()

While trying to initialize idle threads for all cpus, idle_threads_init()
calls smp_processor_id() in a loop, which is unnecessary. The intent
is to initialize idle threads for all non-boot cpus. So just use a variable
to note the boot cpu and use it in the loop.

Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: suresh.b.siddha@intel.com
Cc: venki@google.com
Cc: nikunj@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120524151055.2549.64309.stgit@srivatsabhat.in.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
smpboot, idle: Fix comment mismatch over idle_threads_init()

The comment over idle_threads_init() really talks about the functionality
of idle_init(). Move that comment to idle_init(), and add a suitable
comment over idle_threads_init().

Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: suresh.b.siddha@intel.com
Cc: venki@google.com
Cc: nikunj@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120524151100.2549.66501.stgit@srivatsabhat.in.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
tick: Add tick skew boot option

Let the user decide whether power consumption or jitter is the
more important consideration for their machines.

Quoting removal commit af5ab277ded04bd9bc6b048c5a2f0e7d70ef0867:

"Historically, Linux has tried to make the regular timer tick on the
 various CPUs not happen at the same time, to avoid contention on
 xtime_lock.
    
 Nowadays, with the tickless kernel, this contention no longer happens
 since time keeping and updating are done differently. In addition,
 this skew is actually hurting power consumption in a measurable way on
 many-core systems."

Problems:

- Contrary to the above, systems do encounter contention on both
  xtime_lock and RCU structure locks when the tick is synchronized.
  
- Moderate sized RT systems suffer intolerable jitter due to the tick
  being synchronized.

- SGI reports the same for their large systems.

- Fully utilized systems reap no power saving benefit from skew removal,
  but do suffer from resulting induced lock contention.

- 0209f649 rcu: limit rcu_node leaf-level fanout
  This patch was born to combat lock contention which testing showed
  to have been _induced by_ skew removal.  Skew the tick, contention
  disappeared virtually completely.

Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <mgalbraith@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1336472458.21924.78.camel@marge.simpson.net
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
clockevents: Make clockevents_config() a global symbol

Make clockevents_config() into a global symbol to allow it to be used
by compiled-in clockevent drivers. This is needed by drivers that want
to update the timer frequency after registration time.

Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@opensource.se>
Tested-by: Simon Horman <horms@verge.net.au>
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: johnstul@us.ibm.com
Cc: rjw@sisk.pl
Cc: lethal@linux-sh.org
Cc: gregkh@linuxfoundation.org
Cc: olof@lixom.net
Cc: Magnus Damm <magnus.damm@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120509143934.27521.46553.sendpatchset@w520
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
clocksource: em_sti: Emma Mobile STI driver

The STI hardware is based on a single 48-bit 32kHz
counter that together with two individual compare
registers can generate interrupts. There are no
timer operating modes selectable which means that
the timer can not clear on match.

This driver is providing clocksource support for the
48-bit counter. Clockevents are also supported using
the same timer in oneshot mode.

Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@opensource.se>
Cc: horms@verge.net.au
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: johnstul@us.ibm.com
Cc: rjw@sisk.pl
Cc: lethal@linux-sh.org
Cc: gregkh@linuxfoundation.org
Cc: olof@lixom.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120525070344.23443.69756.sendpatchset@w520
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>