l3lab/ntp-mathlib huggingface dataset:
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      

Proof state:
case h
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : ∀ ⦃c_1 : ℝ⦄, 0 < c_1 → ∀ᶠ (x : ℕ) in atTop, ‖u (c x) / ↑(c x) - l‖ ≤ c_1 * ‖1‖
n : ℕ
hn : ‖u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l‖ ≤ ε * ‖1‖
cnpos' : n ∈ c ⁻¹' Set.Ioi 0
⊢ u (c n) - ↑(c n) * l ≤ ε * ↑(c n)

Next tactic:
have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
      

Proof state:
case h
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : ∀ ⦃c_1 : ℝ⦄, 0 < c_1 → ∀ᶠ (x : ℕ) in atTop, ‖u (c x) / ↑(c x) - l‖ ≤ c_1 * ‖1‖
n : ℕ
hn : ‖u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l‖ ≤ ε * ‖1‖
cnpos' : n ∈ c ⁻¹' Set.Ioi 0
cnpos : 0 < c n
⊢ u (c n) - ↑(c n) * l ≤ ε * ↑(c n)

Next tactic:
calc
        u (c n) - c n * l = (u (c n) / c n - l) * c n := by
          simp only [cnpos.ne', Ne.def, Nat.cast_eq_zero, not_false_iff, field_simps]
        _ ≤ ε * c n := by
          refine' mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right _ (Nat.cast_nonneg _)
          simp only [mul_one, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_one] at hn
          exact le_trans (le_abs_self _) hn
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
      calc
        u (c n) - c n * l = (u (c n) / c n - l) * c n := by
          

Proof state:
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : ∀ ⦃c_1 : ℝ⦄, 0 < c_1 → ∀ᶠ (x : ℕ) in atTop, ‖u (c x) / ↑(c x) - l‖ ≤ c_1 * ‖1‖
n : ℕ
hn : ‖u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l‖ ≤ ε * ‖1‖
cnpos' : n ∈ c ⁻¹' Set.Ioi 0
cnpos : 0 < c n
⊢ u (c n) - ↑(c n) * l = (u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l) * ↑(c n)

Next tactic:
simp only [cnpos.ne', Ne.def, Nat.cast_eq_zero, not_false_iff, field_simps]
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
      calc
        u (c n) - c n * l = (u (c n) / c n - l) * c n := by
          simp only [cnpos.ne', Ne.def, Nat.cast_eq_zero, not_false_iff, field_simps]
        _ ≤ ε * c n := by
          

Proof state:
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : ∀ ⦃c_1 : ℝ⦄, 0 < c_1 → ∀ᶠ (x : ℕ) in atTop, ‖u (c x) / ↑(c x) - l‖ ≤ c_1 * ‖1‖
n : ℕ
hn : ‖u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l‖ ≤ ε * ‖1‖
cnpos' : n ∈ c ⁻¹' Set.Ioi 0
cnpos : 0 < c n
⊢ (u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l) * ↑(c n) ≤ ε * ↑(c n)

Next tactic:
refine' mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right _ (Nat.cast_nonneg _)
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
      calc
        u (c n) - c n * l = (u (c n) / c n - l) * c n := by
          simp only [cnpos.ne', Ne.def, Nat.cast_eq_zero, not_false_iff, field_simps]
        _ ≤ ε * c n := by
          refine' mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right _ (Nat.cast_nonneg _)
          

Proof state:
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : ∀ ⦃c_1 : ℝ⦄, 0 < c_1 → ∀ᶠ (x : ℕ) in atTop, ‖u (c x) / ↑(c x) - l‖ ≤ c_1 * ‖1‖
n : ℕ
hn : ‖u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l‖ ≤ ε * ‖1‖
cnpos' : n ∈ c ⁻¹' Set.Ioi 0
cnpos : 0 < c n
⊢ u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l ≤ ε

Next tactic:
simp only [mul_one, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_one] at hn
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
      calc
        u (c n) - c n * l = (u (c n) / c n - l) * c n := by
          simp only [cnpos.ne', Ne.def, Nat.cast_eq_zero, not_false_iff, field_simps]
        _ ≤ ε * c n := by
          refine' mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right _ (Nat.cast_nonneg _)
          simp only [mul_one, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_one] at hn
          

Proof state:
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : ∀ ⦃c_1 : ℝ⦄, 0 < c_1 → ∀ᶠ (x : ℕ) in atTop, ‖u (c x) / ↑(c x) - l‖ ≤ c_1 * ‖1‖
n : ℕ
cnpos' : n ∈ c ⁻¹' Set.Ioi 0
cnpos : 0 < c n
hn : |u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l| ≤ ε
⊢ u (c n) / ↑(c n) - l ≤ ε

Next tactic:
exact le_trans (le_abs_self _) hn
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
      calc
        u (c n) - c n * l = (u (c n) / c n - l) * c n := by
          simp only [cnpos.ne', Ne.def, Nat.cast_eq_zero, not_false_iff, field_simps]
        _ ≤ ε * c n := by
          refine' mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right _ (Nat.cast_nonneg _)
          simp only [mul_one, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_one] at hn
          exact le_trans (le_abs_self _) hn
    

Proof state:
case intro.intro.intro
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
L : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, u (c n) - ↑(c n) * l ≤ ε * ↑(c n)
⊢ ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, u n - ↑n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * ↑n

Next tactic:
obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ :
      ∃ a : ℕ, ∀ b : ℕ, a ≤ b → (c (b + 1) : ℝ) ≤ (1 + ε) * c b ∧ u (c b) - c b * l ≤ ε * c b :=
      eventually_atTop.1 (cgrowth.and L)
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u n / n` tends to a limit `l` along subsequences with
exponential growth rate arbitrarily close to `1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ)
    (hmono : Monotone u)
    (hlim : ∀ a : ℝ, 1 < a → ∃ c : ℕ → ℕ, (∀ᶠ n in atTop, (c (n + 1) : ℝ) ≤ a * c n) ∧
      Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / c n) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  /- To check the result up to some `ε > 0`, we use a sequence `c` for which the ratio
    `c (N+1) / c N` is bounded by `1 + ε`. Sandwiching a given `n` between two consecutive values of
    `c`, say `c N` and `c (N+1)`, one can then bound `u n / n` from above by `u (c N) / c (N - 1)`
    and from below by `u (c (N - 1)) / c N` (using that `u` is monotone), which are both comparable
    to the limit `l` up to `1 + ε`.
    We give a version of this proof by clearing out denominators first, to avoid discussing the sign
    of different quantities. -/
  have lnonneg : 0 ≤ l := by
    rcases hlim 2 one_lt_two with ⟨c, _, ctop, clim⟩
    have : Tendsto (fun n => u 0 / c n) atTop (𝓝 0) :=
      tendsto_const_nhds.div_atTop (tendsto_nat_cast_atTop_iff.2 ctop)
    apply le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' this clim fun n => _
    simp_rw [div_eq_inv_mul]
    exact fun n => mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_left (hmono (zero_le _)) (inv_nonneg.2 (Nat.cast_nonneg _))
  have A : ∀ ε : ℝ, 0 < ε → ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u n - n * l ≤ ε * (1 + ε + l) * n := by
    intro ε εpos
    rcases hlim (1 + ε) ((lt_add_iff_pos_right _).2 εpos) with ⟨c, cgrowth, ctop, clim⟩
    have L : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, u (c n) - c n * l ≤ ε * c n := by
      rw [← tendsto_sub_nhds_zero_iff, ← Asymptotics.isLittleO_one_iff ℝ,
        Asymptotics.isLittleO_iff] at clim
      filter_upwards [clim εpos, ctop (Ioi_mem_atTop 0)] with n hn cnpos'
      have cnpos : 0 < c n := cnpos'
      calc
        u (c n) - c n * l = (u (c n) / c n - l) * c n := by
          simp only [cnpos.ne', Ne.def, Nat.cast_eq_zero, not_false_iff, field_simps]
        _ ≤ ε * c n := by
          refine' mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right _ (Nat.cast_nonneg _)
          simp only [mul_one, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_one] at hn
          exact le_trans (le_abs_self _) hn
    obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ :
      ∃ a : ℕ, ∀ b : ℕ, a ≤ b → (c (b + 1) : ℝ) ≤ (1 + ε) * c b ∧ u (c b) - c b * l ≤ ε * c b :=
      eventually_atTop.1 (cgrowth.and L)
    let M := ((Finset.range (a + 1)).image fun i => c i).max' (by 

Proof state:
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
hlim :
  ∀ (a : ℝ),
    1 < a →
      ∃ c,
        (∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ a * ↑(c n)) ∧
          Tendsto c atTop atTop ∧ Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
lnonneg : 0 ≤ l
ε : ℝ
εpos : 0 < ε
c : ℕ → ℕ
cgrowth : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, ↑(c (n + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c n)
ctop : Tendsto c atTop atTop
clim : Tendsto (fun n => u (c n) / ↑(c n)) atTop (𝓝 l)
L : ∀ᶠ (n : ℕ) in atTop, u (c n) - ↑(c n) * l ≤ ε * ↑(c n)
a : ℕ
ha : ∀ (b : ℕ), a ≤ b → ↑(c (b + 1)) ≤ (1 + ε) * ↑(c b) ∧ u (c b) - ↑(c b) * l ≤ ε * ↑(c b)
⊢ Finset.Nonempty (image (fun i => c i) (range (a + 1)))

Next tactic:
simp
/-- If a monotone sequence `u` is such that `u ⌊c^n⌋₊ / ⌊c^n⌋₊` converges to a limit `l` for all
`c > 1`, then `u n / n` tends to `l`. It is even enough to have the assumption for a sequence of
`c`s converging to `1`. -/
theorem tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_tendsto_div_floor_pow (u : ℕ → ℝ) (l : ℝ) (hmono : Monotone u)
    (c : ℕ → ℝ) (cone : ∀ k, 1 < c k) (clim : Tendsto c atTop (𝓝 1))
    (hc : ∀ k, Tendsto (fun n : ℕ => u ⌊c k ^ n⌋₊ / ⌊c k ^ n⌋₊) atTop (𝓝 l)) :
    Tendsto (fun n => u n / n) atTop (𝓝 l) := by
  

Proof state:
u : ℕ → ℝ
l : ℝ
hmono : Monotone u
c : ℕ → ℝ
cone : ∀ (k : ℕ), 1 < c k
clim : Tendsto c atTop (𝓝 1)
hc : ∀ (k : ℕ), Tendsto (fun n => u ⌊c k ^ n⌋₊ / ↑⌊c k ^ n⌋₊) atTop (𝓝 l)
⊢ Tendsto (fun n => u n / ↑n) atTop (𝓝 l)

Next tactic:
apply tendsto_div_of_monotone_of_exists_subseq_tendsto_div u l hmono