theorem castNum_eq_bitwise {f : Num → Num → Num} {g : Bool → Bool → Bool}
    (p : PosNum → PosNum → Num)
    (gff : g false false = false) (f00 : f 0 0 = 0)
    (f0n : ∀ n, f 0 (pos n) = cond (g false true) (pos n) 0)
    (fn0 : ∀ n, f (pos n) 0 = cond (g true false) (pos n) 0)
    (fnn : ∀ m n, f (pos m) (pos n) = p m n) (p11 : p 1 1 = cond (g true true) 1 0)
    (p1b : ∀ b n, p 1 (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g true b) (cond (g false true) (pos n) 0))
    (pb1 : ∀ a m, p (PosNum.bit a m) 1 = bit (g a true) (cond (g true false) (pos m) 0))
    (pbb : ∀ a b m n, p (PosNum.bit a m) (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g a b) (p m n)) :
    ∀ m n : Num, (f m n : ℕ) = Nat.bitwise g m n := by
  intros m n
  cases' m with m <;> cases' n with n <;>
      try simp only [show zero = 0 from rfl, show ((0 : Num) : ℕ) = 0 from rfl]
  · rw [f00, Nat.bitwise_zero]; rfl
  · rw [f0n, Nat.bitwise_zero_left]
    cases g false true <;> rfl
  · rw [fn0, Nat.bitwise_zero_right]
    cases g true false <;> rfl
  · rw [fnn]
    have : ∀ (b) (n : PosNum), (cond b (↑n) 0 : ℕ) = ↑(cond b (pos n) 0 : Num) := by
      intros b _; cases b <;> rfl
    induction' m with m IH m IH generalizing n <;> cases' n with n n
    any_goals simp only [show one = 1 from rfl, show pos 1 = 1 from rfl,
      show PosNum.bit0 = PosNum.bit false from rfl, show PosNum.bit1 = PosNum.bit true from rfl,
      show ((1 : Num) : ℕ) = Nat.bit true 0 from rfl]
    all_goals
      repeat'
        rw [show ∀ b n, (pos (PosNum.bit b n) : ℕ) = Nat.bit b ↑n by
          intros b _; cases b <;> rfl]
      rw [Nat.bitwise_bit gff]
    any_goals rw [Nat.bitwise_zero, p11]; cases g true true <;> rfl
    any_goals rw [Nat.bitwise_zero_left, ← Bool.cond_eq_ite, this, ← bit_to_nat, p1b]
    any_goals rw [Nat.bitwise_zero_right, ← Bool.cond_eq_ite, this, ← bit_to_nat, pb1]
    

Proof state:
case pos.pos.bit1.bit1
α : Type u_1
f : Num → Num → Num
g : Bool → Bool → Bool
p : PosNum → PosNum → Num
gff : g false false = false
f00 : f 0 0 = 0
f0n : ∀ (n : PosNum), f 0 (pos n) = bif g false true then pos n else 0
fn0 : ∀ (n : PosNum), f (pos n) 0 = bif g true false then pos n else 0
fnn : ∀ (m n : PosNum), f (pos m) (pos n) = p m n
p11 : p 1 1 = bif g true true then 1 else 0
p1b : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), p 1 (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g true b) (bif g false true then pos n else 0)
pb1 : ∀ (a : Bool) (m : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) 1 = bit (g a true) (bif g true false then pos m else 0)
pbb : ∀ (a b : Bool) (m n : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g a b) (p m n)
this : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), (bif b then ↑n else 0) = ↑(bif b then pos n else 0)
m : PosNum
IH : ∀ (n : PosNum), ↑(p m n) = Nat.bitwise g ↑(pos m) ↑(pos n)
n : PosNum
⊢ ↑(p (PosNum.bit true m) (PosNum.bit true n)) = Nat.bit (g true true) (Nat.bitwise g ↑m ↑n)
case pos.pos.bit1.bit0
α : Type u_1
f : Num → Num → Num
g : Bool → Bool → Bool
p : PosNum → PosNum → Num
gff : g false false = false
f00 : f 0 0 = 0
f0n : ∀ (n : PosNum), f 0 (pos n) = bif g false true then pos n else 0
fn0 : ∀ (n : PosNum), f (pos n) 0 = bif g true false then pos n else 0
fnn : ∀ (m n : PosNum), f (pos m) (pos n) = p m n
p11 : p 1 1 = bif g true true then 1 else 0
p1b : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), p 1 (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g true b) (bif g false true then pos n else 0)
pb1 : ∀ (a : Bool) (m : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) 1 = bit (g a true) (bif g true false then pos m else 0)
pbb : ∀ (a b : Bool) (m n : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g a b) (p m n)
this : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), (bif b then ↑n else 0) = ↑(bif b then pos n else 0)
m : PosNum
IH : ∀ (n : PosNum), ↑(p m n) = Nat.bitwise g ↑(pos m) ↑(pos n)
n : PosNum
⊢ ↑(p (PosNum.bit true m) (PosNum.bit false n)) = Nat.bit (g true false) (Nat.bitwise g ↑m ↑n)
case pos.pos.bit0.bit1
α : Type u_1
f : Num → Num → Num
g : Bool → Bool → Bool
p : PosNum → PosNum → Num
gff : g false false = false
f00 : f 0 0 = 0
f0n : ∀ (n : PosNum), f 0 (pos n) = bif g false true then pos n else 0
fn0 : ∀ (n : PosNum), f (pos n) 0 = bif g true false then pos n else 0
fnn : ∀ (m n : PosNum), f (pos m) (pos n) = p m n
p11 : p 1 1 = bif g true true then 1 else 0
p1b : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), p 1 (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g true b) (bif g false true then pos n else 0)
pb1 : ∀ (a : Bool) (m : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) 1 = bit (g a true) (bif g true false then pos m else 0)
pbb : ∀ (a b : Bool) (m n : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g a b) (p m n)
this : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), (bif b then ↑n else 0) = ↑(bif b then pos n else 0)
m : PosNum
IH : ∀ (n : PosNum), ↑(p m n) = Nat.bitwise g ↑(pos m) ↑(pos n)
n : PosNum
⊢ ↑(p (PosNum.bit false m) (PosNum.bit true n)) = Nat.bit (g false true) (Nat.bitwise g ↑m ↑n)
case pos.pos.bit0.bit0
α : Type u_1
f : Num → Num → Num
g : Bool → Bool → Bool
p : PosNum → PosNum → Num
gff : g false false = false
f00 : f 0 0 = 0
f0n : ∀ (n : PosNum), f 0 (pos n) = bif g false true then pos n else 0
fn0 : ∀ (n : PosNum), f (pos n) 0 = bif g true false then pos n else 0
fnn : ∀ (m n : PosNum), f (pos m) (pos n) = p m n
p11 : p 1 1 = bif g true true then 1 else 0
p1b : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), p 1 (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g true b) (bif g false true then pos n else 0)
pb1 : ∀ (a : Bool) (m : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) 1 = bit (g a true) (bif g true false then pos m else 0)
pbb : ∀ (a b : Bool) (m n : PosNum), p (PosNum.bit a m) (PosNum.bit b n) = bit (g a b) (p m n)
this : ∀ (b : Bool) (n : PosNum), (bif b then ↑n else 0) = ↑(bif b then pos n else 0)
m : PosNum
IH : ∀ (n : PosNum), ↑(p m n) = Nat.bitwise g ↑(pos m) ↑(pos n)
n : PosNum
⊢ ↑(p (PosNum.bit false m) (PosNum.bit false n)) = Nat.bit (g false false) (Nat.bitwise g ↑m ↑n)

Next tactic:
all_goals
      rw [← show ∀ n : PosNum, ↑(p m n) = Nat.bitwise g ↑m ↑n from IH]
      rw [← bit_to_nat, pbb]