l3lab/ntp-mathlib huggingface dataset:
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; 

Proof state:
case a
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
z : ℂ
hz1 : (aeval z) p = 0
hz2 : z.im = 0
⊢ ((IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) z.re).im = z.im

Next tactic:
rw [hz2]
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; 

Proof state:
case a
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
z : ℂ
hz1 : (aeval z) p = 0
hz2 : z.im = 0
⊢ ((IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) z.re).im = 0

Next tactic:
rfl
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      

Proof state:
case mpr.intro
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
z : ℂ
hz1 : (aeval z) p = 0
hz2 : z.im = 0
key : (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) z.re = z
⊢ ∃ a, (aeval a) p = 0 ∧ (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) a = z

Next tactic:
exact ⟨z.re, inj (by rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]), key⟩
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      exact ⟨z.re, inj (by 

Proof state:
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
z : ℂ
hz1 : (aeval z) p = 0
hz2 : z.im = 0
key : (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) z.re = z
⊢ (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) ((aeval z.re) p) = (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) 0

Next tactic:
rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      exact ⟨z.re, inj (by rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]), key⟩
  

Proof state:
case neg.refine_2.refine_2.refine_2
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
hb : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ b ↔ (aeval z) p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0
⊢ Finset.card a = Finset.card b + Finset.card c

Next tactic:
have hc0 :
    ∀ w : p.rootSet ℂ, galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ (Complex.conjAe.restrictScalars ℚ)) w = w ↔
        w.val.im = 0 := by
    intro w
    rw [Subtype.ext_iff, galActionHom_restrict]
    exact Complex.conj_eq_iff_im
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      exact ⟨z.re, inj (by rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]), key⟩
  have hc0 :
    ∀ w : p.rootSet ℂ, galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ (Complex.conjAe.restrictScalars ℚ)) w = w ↔
        w.val.im = 0 := by
    

Proof state:
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
hb : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ b ↔ (aeval z) p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0
⊢ ∀ (w : ↑(rootSet p ℂ)),
    ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))) w = w ↔ (↑w).im = 0

Next tactic:
intro w
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      exact ⟨z.re, inj (by rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]), key⟩
  have hc0 :
    ∀ w : p.rootSet ℂ, galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ (Complex.conjAe.restrictScalars ℚ)) w = w ↔
        w.val.im = 0 := by
    intro w
    

Proof state:
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
hb : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ b ↔ (aeval z) p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0
w : ↑(rootSet p ℂ)
⊢ ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))) w = w ↔ (↑w).im = 0

Next tactic:
rw [Subtype.ext_iff, galActionHom_restrict]
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      exact ⟨z.re, inj (by rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]), key⟩
  have hc0 :
    ∀ w : p.rootSet ℂ, galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ (Complex.conjAe.restrictScalars ℚ)) w = w ↔
        w.val.im = 0 := by
    intro w
    rw [Subtype.ext_iff, galActionHom_restrict]
    

Proof state:
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
hb : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ b ↔ (aeval z) p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0
w : ↑(rootSet p ℂ)
⊢ (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe) ↑w = ↑w ↔ (↑w).im = 0

Next tactic:
exact Complex.conj_eq_iff_im
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      exact ⟨z.re, inj (by rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]), key⟩
  have hc0 :
    ∀ w : p.rootSet ℂ, galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ (Complex.conjAe.restrictScalars ℚ)) w = w ↔
        w.val.im = 0 := by
    intro w
    rw [Subtype.ext_iff, galActionHom_restrict]
    exact Complex.conj_eq_iff_im
  

Proof state:
case neg.refine_2.refine_2.refine_2
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
hb : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ b ↔ (aeval z) p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0
hc0 :
  ∀ (w : ↑(rootSet p ℂ)),
    ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))) w = w ↔ (↑w).im = 0
⊢ Finset.card a = Finset.card b + Finset.card c

Next tactic:
have hc : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ c ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im ≠ 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨(mem_rootSet.mp w.2).2, mt (hc0 w).mpr (Equiv.Perm.mem_support.mp hw)⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      exact ⟨⟨z, mem_rootSet.mpr ⟨hp, hz1⟩⟩, Equiv.Perm.mem_support.mpr (mt (hc0 _).mp hz2), rfl⟩
/-- The number of complex roots equals the number of real roots plus
    the number of roots not fixed by complex conjugation (i.e. with some imaginary component). -/
theorem card_complex_roots_eq_card_real_add_card_not_gal_inv (p : ℚ[X]) :
    (p.rootSet ℂ).toFinset.card =
      (p.rootSet ℝ).toFinset.card +
        (galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ
        (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))).support.card := by
  by_cases hp : p = 0
  · haveI : IsEmpty (p.rootSet ℂ) := by rw [hp, rootSet_zero]; infer_instance
    simp_rw [(galActionHom p ℂ _).support.eq_empty_of_isEmpty, hp, rootSet_zero,
      Set.toFinset_empty, Finset.card_empty]
  have inj : Function.Injective (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ) := (algebraMap ℝ ℂ).injective
  rw [← Finset.card_image_of_injective _ Subtype.coe_injective, ←
    Finset.card_image_of_injective _ inj]
  let a : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let b : Finset ℂ := ?_
  let c : Finset ℂ := ?_
  -- Porting note: was
  --   change a.card = b.card + c.card
  suffices a.card = b.card + c.card by exact this
  have ha : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ a ↔ aeval z p = 0 := by
    intro z; rw [Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
  have hb : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ b ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0 := by
    intro z
    simp_rw [Finset.mem_image, Set.mem_toFinset, mem_rootSet_of_ne hp]
    constructor
    · rintro ⟨w, hw, rfl⟩
      exact ⟨by rw [aeval_algHom_apply, hw, AlgHom.map_zero], rfl⟩
    · rintro ⟨hz1, hz2⟩
      have key : IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ z.re = z := by ext; rfl; rw [hz2]; rfl
      exact ⟨z.re, inj (by rwa [← aeval_algHom_apply, key, AlgHom.map_zero]), key⟩
  have hc0 :
    ∀ w : p.rootSet ℂ, galActionHom p ℂ (restrict p ℂ (Complex.conjAe.restrictScalars ℚ)) w = w ↔
        w.val.im = 0 := by
    intro w
    rw [Subtype.ext_iff, galActionHom_restrict]
    exact Complex.conj_eq_iff_im
  have hc : ∀ z : ℂ, z ∈ c ↔ aeval z p = 0 ∧ z.im ≠ 0 := by
    

Proof state:
F : Type u_1
inst✝² : Field F
p✝ q : F[X]
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : Field E
inst✝ : Algebra F E
p : ℚ[X]
hp : ¬p = 0
inj : Function.Injective ⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)
a : Finset ℂ := Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℂ)
b : Finset ℂ := Finset.image (⇑(IsScalarTower.toAlgHom ℚ ℝ ℂ)) (Set.toFinset (rootSet p ℝ))
c : Finset ℂ :=
  Finset.image (fun a => ↑a)
    (Equiv.Perm.support ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))))
ha : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ a ↔ (aeval z) p = 0
hb : ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ b ↔ (aeval z) p = 0 ∧ z.im = 0
hc0 :
  ∀ (w : ↑(rootSet p ℂ)),
    ((galActionHom p ℂ) ((restrict p ℂ) (AlgEquiv.restrictScalars ℚ Complex.conjAe))) w = w ↔ (↑w).im = 0
⊢ ∀ (z : ℂ), z ∈ c ↔ (aeval z) p = 0 ∧ z.im ≠ 0

Next tactic:
intro z