ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: family

In summary, the hard work effort to prevent and decrease teen pregnancy needs to be multifaceted. This work is the responsibility of families, of schools, and of community agencies. Changes in media emphasis on sexuality may not be feasible. But teachers can be in the vanguard of awakening teen understanding of the power of television, Facebook, Twitter, and other electronic communication modes. Students can role play creative communication techniques that could keep them safe in dating relationships. They can learn specifics about body functions and contraception in biology and health classes. Invite teens to think about personal future and the ways they could work toward those career goals better if they are prudent about teen pregnancy. In one intervention project, teen mothers who realized that they did not want their babies to suffer the same inappropriate parenting as they had experienced in childhood, were able to become more nurturing toward their own infants. Reflectivity helps (Brophy-Herb & Honig, 1999c)
Topic: family

Teenage pregnancy is the condition of being pregnant of adolescence aged 10 to 19 years old. Those who are affected are the girl herself up to the national society. The victims of teenage pregnancy are the girl herself, her child, her parents and relatives and the national society. It will also probably make her economically vulnerable. Teenage pregnancy should be discouraged since it put a strain on parents. Mothers usually face numerous problems at their teenage years. On that note, the parents of the expectant teenagers must incur expenses regarding medication involving themselves in teen parenthood besides making ends meet for the whole family.
Topic: family

According to the UN Population Fund (UNFPA), teenage pregnancy has a huge rate in the Philippines, especially among the poor. 2/3 of Filipinos, who give birth before age 20, belongs to the low-class society. Data from the National Statistics Office showed that 8 percent among 1.7 million babies born in 2004 were born to mothers 15-19 years old. Young mother gave birth to 818,000 babies in 2000 alone. This means, almost one of every 10 babies are born to teenage mothers. The risk is, almost 10 percent of the born babies from young mothers are malnourished. As years passed by, the statistics are getting higher. According to the study done by the Population Institute of the University of the Philippines, more than 46 percent of teenage pregnant woman resort to induced abortion which is against the law and the Church; 2 of every 5 teenage pregnancies are unwanted ones. If the government won’t start acting on this, this problem will be worse as years goes by.
Topic: family

In this situation teenage pregnancy leads to increased poverty in the society hence it should be abolished. Poverty status of the teenage mothers is currently on the rise due to reduction of the likelihood the teenage mothers to complete school besides the lack of a source of income for both the mother and the baby. This poverty situation is typically prolonged in life since the child would not get better education due to the limited opportunity for the parents to seek employment. On that note, this pathetic life leads to health deterioration due to depression and low self-esteem. Teenage pregnancies are responsible for high risks in health-related infections among teen mothers and their babies. The parents usually exhibit mental problems due to stress and depression as well as physical injuries which may lead to death especially at the time of delivery. Over health related problems resulting from such early pregnancies include anemia, hemorrhage, STD infections and high blood pressure. On that note, there are a lot of miscarriages during pregnancy that makes the teenagers at higher healthy risks. Besides, babies born at this period normally have low birth weights due to poor nutrition as well as being delivered prematurely.
Topic: family

From what teenagers have read about being a teen parent it isn’t as great as it sounds. No one wants to become a parent when they are a teenager. Teenagers are not able to get a decent education, and some teens don’t know what they want to do with their lives. Teens don’t want to stay home and take care of a child. There are many things teen mothers can do to help couples who have waited a long time to have a child, but could not conceive. A teen mother that isn’t ready and a woman who has waited awhile to have a child would be more prepared. Yes, a baby is really cute and all, but teenagers really need to think about what they are getting themselves into. There are many of things that teenagers have to give up one is by having a child at a young age, when they are a child themselves. Teens wouldn’t want to give up anything to take care of child. Teens should think about what they are doing before they accidently become teenage mother.
Topic: family

The numbers of teenage pregnancy have decreased in the United States, but this is not the case for everyone. Being a mother in itself represents hormonal imbalances, that contribute to mood swings, depression in addition to the exhaustion of the first weeks of becoming a new mom. The joy of having a child does not prevent any of the hormonal changes or postpartum depression often times experienced by new mothers. The psychological impact of being an adolescent mother can affect the future of children of teenage parents.
Topic: family

Among all industrialized countries in the world, United States has constantly had the highest rate of teen birth with an estimation of 27 of 1000 women experiencing teen birth aged 15 to 19 years (Mollborn & Morningstar, 2009). Teen birth rates are higher among adolescents who come from poor backgrounds and also higher among Black and Hispanic teenagers than White teenagers. Stephanie and Elizabeth highlight that research has been done on the social and economic consequences of teenage parenthood as well as the mental health status of teenage mothers.
Topic: family

According to Whitworth article, 2017, longitudinal surveys shows that adolescent mothers have high depression levels compared to their teenage peers and adult mothers who seemed to have been distressed even before getting pregnant. Therefore, childbearing would not have been the core reason behind their depression since their depression levels were higher than that of their peers even before pregnancy and seems to intensify after pregnancy. Ideally, psychologically distressed teenage girls face more risk of experiencing teen birth compared to their peers who are not distressed thus having conversations with teenagers about responsible behaviors and their sexuality helps prevent teen pregnancies (Whitworth, 2017). Since most teen mothers come from financial unstable families, teenage childbearing seems to be an adaptive mechanism to cope up with hostile environment. From an evolutionary perspective, the optimal reproductive strategy is early reproduction that maximizes chances of leaving descendants in uncertain and risky environments.
Topic: family

More so, attitudes by adolescents during pregnancy through psychological mechanisms shape the effects of depression after childbirth (Whitworth, 2017). The expected ability to socially and economically provide and care for a child determined the depressive symptoms during teen pregnancy thus the incapability to have enough resources results to damage in mental health. Ultimately, adolescent childbearing results to adult depression as it makes desired educational attainment and expected income unattainable due to unplanned for responsibilities. Therefore, for better mental health adjustment to unexpected life events, individuals need the right attitudes and less depression results to attainment of desired social and economic status and drives away mental health and physical problems.
Topic: family

Fletcher, 2012, argues that adolescent motherhood affects the mothers’ short and long-term health conditions as well as their economic and educational capabilities since adolescent motherhood has been linked to lower income and low educational attainments. Teenage motherhood reduces the opportunities mothers have in their lives while increasing their limitations and change of priorities making them indulge in behaviors that may be risky. Tobacco consumption is one of the coping mechanisms by the mothers to reduce distress during parenting and they more likely become obese and are less likely to quit smoking. Moreover, teenage parenthood affects mothers in their relationships and marriages since they end up with low quality choices in partners (Fletcher, 2012). Miscarriages in teen pregnancies are common since they may be as a result of trauma brought about by high depression levels while 25% of teen pregnancies end in abortion, 16% end in miscarriages and 298 in 1000 of teen pregnancies become live births.
Topic: family

According to Dowd, 2018, hyperthermia has been the cause of averagely 38 children in the United States yearly after being left in vehicles. The cases seem to have constantly increased after the National Highway Transportation Service Administration (NHTSA) indicated that the safest places for children were in the backseats. Due to children’s immature physical developments, they get prone to acquiring heat injuries and illnesses (Dowd, 2018). Motor vehicles have greenhouse properties in hot conditions thus they get to trap heat in cold temperatures which eventually alters the compartment heating process of a car. Dowd, 2018, suggests that through educational programs which create awareness on vehicular hyperthermia dangers the frequent child deaths could be prevented. Emphasis is created on never leaving children in motor vehicles alone as well as looking before locking vehicles which can help in preventing car interiors getting accessed by children who could get trapped inside.
Topic: family

According to Grundstein, Dowd and Meentemeyer (2010), leaving children unattended to in motor vehicles could be risky as it could result to vehicle-related hyperthermia deaths. Since more than 2000 children die every year out of unintentional deaths awareness on vehicular hyperthermia could prevent some of the deaths since a small percentage of the death are caused by vehicle-related hyperthermia. In addition, 75% of the recorded deaths happen during the months of summer and 70% of the deaths happened when temperatures outside were more than 31 degrees (Grundstein, Dowd, & Meentemeyer, 2010). Regardless, warnings and educational programs are helpful in creation of awareness on dangers related to heat illnesses. Therefore, through the use vehicle temperatures table, guardians can know when it would be hazardous to leave children in vehicles thus preventing such deaths.
Topic: family

Further evidence indicates the relationship between adolescent parenting and accidental death of children. In a study using linked birth and death records from North Carolina and Washington State for 1968 through 1980. Wicklund et al. (1984) found a strong inverse relationship between maternal age and mortality rates from accidents for children under one, net of parity and educational level of mother (a proxy for SES). In the article, “The children of teen childbearers”, Hofferth states, “The actual mortality rate from accidents during the first year of life is actually quite low—in 1980 in North Carolina about 3 out of 10,000 live births died from accidents in the first year in Washington state the rate was 1.47 per 10,000 live births”. They differ in race, age of the mother, and level of education.
Topic: family

Children of mothers under 20 who had 9 or more years of schooling were substantially more likely to die from accidents in the first year of life than children of mothers 20 and over with the same amount of schooling. Among children of mothers with very low levels of schooling, those with mothers 24 and younger were more likely to die than those with mothers 25 and older. Education was also strongly inversely related to infant mortality from accidents and parity was directly related. That is, mortality rates were lower for children with a more educated mother and one with fewer children. Black children had almost twice the rate of deaths from accidents in the first year as white children. The main causes of accidental deaths in North Carolina were suffocation by inhalation and/or ingestion of food, and suffocation by mechanical means, transport accidents coming third.
Topic: family

In terms of accidental deaths, the correlation appears to be education level rather than the age of the mother, parental care is crucial for the safety of children; which appears to be less trustworthy in families in which the mother is young, black, less well-educated and has more children. Preparation for parenting, includes knowledge and attitudes about children’s development, it is effects were also partially mediated by the mother’s psychological predisposition for aggressive coping. Similarly, the effects of child temperament on abuse potential were mediated by the mother’s psychological predisposition for aggressive coping. Implications for designing intervention programs, and identifying at-risk adolescents. These psychological and hormonal changes can definitely affect the state of mind of a young mother causing their worst nightmare, accidental death of a child. The ‘forgotten baby syndrome”, while this can seem unthinkable to forget your child for a number of hours without realizing the child is missing. Young mothers are at increased risk for mistreating their children. 1–5 An ideal strategy for protecting children from maltreatment would be early identification of young women who may be at risk for perpetrating abusive or neglectful behavior so that these problems can be addressed before they begin raising children.
Topic: family

The first day of high school, going to homecoming and prom, learning to drive, graduation, getting a job and starting college, and lastly, buying a first vehicle are some of the most exciting and memorable events which occur in the lives of the average American adolescent. However, as if life during the teenage years isn’t complex or chaotic enough, another event has been added to the lives of numerous teens: getting pregnant and becoming a mom. Teen pregnancy by far is not a new issue for American adolescents.
Topic: family

8 per 1,000 women in this age group (CDC). Furthermore, it is slightly surprising that about 25% of these teen moms end up having a second child within at least 24 months of their first (11 Facts About Teen Pregnancy). With that being said, why should these young mothers and the people around them be so concerned with this issue, after all it is the mother’s right to have sex and possibly conceive a child?
Topic: family

According to the article “Teen Childbearing is Costly to Taxpayers,” the public cost of teen childbearing ranged from $15 million in Vermont to $1.1 billion in Texas.” This cost is astronomical for sure, but how much does it cost the mother to have her baby? According to WebMD, mothers of all ages can look to spend anywhere from $0 to $2,000 for prenatal care and $15 for a 30-day supply of prenatal vitamins, both of which are vital for a healthy delivery and healthy baby (Hartfield). This would be hard for most teen parents to afford, as many still do not have jobs or if they do, the job might not pay the best. Furthermore, if mom chooses to go to childbirth classes, they can cost anywhere from $50-$200 per class and when it comes time to have the baby, hospital costs can range anywhere from $0-$15,000 (Hartfield).
Topic: family

Another issue associated with teen pregnancy is the health issues it poses to both mother and baby. For example, if the mother does not receive prenatal care or she gets pregnant before age 15, health concerns such as low birth weight/premature birth; anemia; high blood pressure/pregnancy induced hypertension; a higher rate of infant mortality; and lastly, a possible greater risk of cephalopelvic disproportion or the baby’s head being wider than the pelvic opening, can occur (Teen Pregnancy Issues and Challenges). To help reduce and possibly even solve the issue of teen pregnancy, the teen population should practice abstinence until they are physically and mentally ready to be parents as well as know the different forms of contraceptives available for them and how to use.
Topic: family

Even though there are various ways when it comes to preventing teen pregnancies, such as practicing safe sex, sexual education, or contraceptives, the only one that is one hundred percent effective is the practice of sexual abstinence. This method is the only one that gives teens the absolute guarantee of no risk of getting pregnant as well as offering protection from getting STDs and STIs. While many view the practice of abstinence as being a decision based on religious or moral beliefs, this is actually far from the truth (Lone Star College). We should be promoting abstinence in a way that does not pinpoint certain religions or particular family moral beliefs; however, it should be promoted solely as a way to prevent unplanned pregnancies in any and all teens, no matter what race, family belief, or religion they practice.
Topic: family

A second method for teenage pregnancy prevention is teaching our nation’s teens about the various contraceptives available for their use. Even though abstinence will always hold the pedestal for being the most effective, healthy, and natural way to prevent adolescent pregnancies, there is no doubt that there will always be a great number of couples who will be involved in some form of a sexual relationship. For this very reason, it is extremely important that we educate teens on how to use various forms of contraceptives safely and responsibly. Many sex education classes in our nation’s schools promote the use of condoms while having sex, if teen couples feel the absolute need to be having sex. The problem with this is that we are not educating teens to the other various forms of contraceptives such as birth control pills or implants and other methods of prevention that are widely available. Therefore, sex education classes should be providing teens information on how to obtain these numerous different methods of birth control (Lone Star College).
Topic: family

Critics of either of these methods, specifically the practice of sexual abstinence are quick to argue that telling teens to be abstinent is by no means realistic. However, there is evidence, in the form of a slight decrease in teen pregnancies, that this is wrong. While abstaining from sexual relations may be difficult for some, it is not so difficult for others, as they understand that they must make a life for themselves and their future families rather than going ahead and going and getting pregnant at the age of 15 or 16 years old, which is always a risk that occurs during sexual relations. Furthermore, some argue that sexual relations are the only way to fully know their partner or share love with their partner and show them their feelings. However, this is not the case. As stated by an article by the American Pregnancy Association, there are other ways to show romantic partners love and have intimacy in the relationship besides solely having sex and risking the chance of a pregnancy at a young age (Abstinence). These ways include talking and listening to each other, sharing joys, hurts, dreams, goals, wishes and other aspects of their lives, having honesty and respect for one another, and lastly, having fun and playing together.
Topic: family

For example, some couples enjoy laying in bed and having intimate conversations or maybe they just talk about what happened to them that day. Although they are not having sexual relations, they are still forming that intimate feeling that sex can give them. The article further goes on to describe other ways couples can show their affection for each other aside from having sex. These include, but are not limited to, having intimate conversations, writing a lover a card, letter, and/or love note, supporting a partner in his/her extracurricular activities, and lastly, going out on creative and fun dates (Abstinence). Furthermore, others argue that they use sexual relations in their relationship(s) as they feel it is the only way to make their lover or partner stay with them. However, if a man makes a woman feel like this or vice-versa, they should simply think about leaving said partner and finding a better one that is not going to attempt to pressure them into something they do not want to do or something they are simply not ready for.
Topic: family

In terms of the crisis of teen pregnancy rates in the United States, we have, by far, the highest rate of occurrence than any other country in the Western industrial world. However, there are a couple of great ways we can all help diminish and/or solve this issue: promoting abstinence to our teen population and educating teens on the different forms of contraceptives available, such as birth control pills or IUDs and condoms. The United States is supposed to be a land of great opportunity, however, if our nation’s young generations keep getting pregnant and having babies rather than taking advantage of all this awesome country has to offer in compliance to colleges and higher paying jobs after getting a degree than we won’t be offering them much of an opportunity. Attempt to give the teens of this country a chance to live for these opportunities by getting more people to promote sexual abstinence and education of the different forms of contraceptives to every teen they encounter. It is the only way this country will remain as great as it is!
Topic: family

Inclusion is ensuring that all children and young people no matter their background/situation can participate fully in all aspects of school life and providing the same opportunities and access for a high quality of education. It is important that you help children with additional needs as they often require extra support from a teaching assistant or school support worker. Inclusion for children is not only about providing the same opportunities and access for a high quality of education. It is important that you help children with additional needs as they often require extra support from a teaching assistant or school support worker. Inclusion for children is not only about providing additional support, it can also relate to adjustments being made to the school environment as well i.e. providing lifts, ramps, furniture right height for children with physical disabilities.
Topic: family

Equal opportunities are above, all about equality access. Linthorpe Community Primary School (LCPS) aims to create a school community characterised by fairness and justice. Equal opportunities are also about celebrating diversity within the school and the wider community thereby ensuring that individuals and groups can develop in the ways they choose. Most commonly Equal opportunities have something to do with everyone having the same chance to develop themselves to their full potential. Factors such as age, disability, gender, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnerships, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion, socio-economic background and sexual orientation should not dictate an individual’s opportunities. Equal opportunities are about maximising the potential of all the members of our school community irrespective of their socio-economic background. Equality of opportunity allows the school to make life choices and to develop talents thereby ensuring no one is disadvantaged or discriminated against. Equal opportunities are entrenched in everything they do and should be addressed and embraced by everyone.
Topic: family

The candidate is required to explain briefly why a school with a culturally rich background can benefit all children. In addition, the candidate should explain how the school with which they are familiar with achieves this and how it could improve. Linthorpe Community Primary School (LCPS) is such a diverse society with different religions, and cultures which is important that they value and promote cultural diversity, especially when working with children. It is important that the school teach children that it doesn’t matter where you come from, what beliefs/views you have what language you speak or what you look like everyone is equal, everyone is different and everyone is welcome and deserves the same opportunities as anyone else by doing this Linthorpe Community Primary School (LCPS) encourages children to value everyone which in turn will help them have an open mind and be able to tolerate differences more easily. It is also important to value and promote cultural diversity because it can help to prevent stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination and reduce the risks of tokenism.
Topic: family

It is important that when the school values and promotes cultural diversity they understand and take account of the backgrounds and cultures of the children in their school as it will help them build effective relationships and help them provide more effective support during their learning, Also by doing this Linthorpe Community Primary School (LCPS) can help children feel like they are accepted if they penalise a child because they come from a different background this can make them feel unwanted and this will also affect the way the other children in the school learn as they will pick up on the way we behave and they may think that it is okay for them to behave this way. It is important that the school gets across that just because ac hid is from a different culture or can’t speak our local language doesn’t mean they don’t belong they will eventually pick up the language and they have the same rights as any other child i.e. they all have a right to play and learn together.
Topic: family

Valuing and promoting cultural diversity can help with the education that the school provide to the children and young people we work with as they can learn about different cultures, habits and the things unique to a specific culture. It also helps to promote education through books but also by facing different culture issues in the classroom and how to overcome them. At Linthorpe Community Primary School (LCPS) a parent originally from Libya volunteered to come into school and described a variety of middle eastern foods to look and taste. The parent discussed about the country in which they lived, the cultural side of it and the different types of foods which are provided to the children and the teachers.
Topic: family

Children are also taught about the Muslim faith and their celebrations, which include Ramadan and Eid. It comprises of what Eid and Ramadan are i.e. when they are held and what it entails. They are also taught about the Christian faith. The Christmas celebration and Easter. A Bollywood night is also held in the evening during the Summer term. This is a yearly event for both the parents and the child to come and view the cultural event. The event compromises of dressing up in Asian clothes, to explore the different types of Asian food, clothes and jewellery stalls help raise funds.
Topic: family

By promoting and valuing cultural diversity it helps everyone to celebrate each other’s differences. By providing and enriching curriculum for the children in the school and help to reduce prejudices and discriminate which can make a happy environment for everyone to play, learn and work in and allows everyone to get along well with each other. Lastly, the school does not require improvement at the present. Therefore, the school is striving hard to build a stronger community and they will continue to work hard throughout the year.
Topic: family

Education is very important tool for human to learn and know, which helps to understand the surround and what is being logically and clearly. It is not only approaching to school, colleges and universities but basically it also begins to the home from the lap of mother. Therefore, home is considered as first school for the child, because parents and family members as well as adapting environment develops good manners, ethics, values, way of talking, good behavior and make responsible citizen to child.
Topic: family

But the school is considered as formal education for the child, where they are toughed to understand the surroundings. It is just education which enable the person to make decisions and take right step to the positive direction at right time. Without education the existence of human is just like unproductive land. Education not only develop the sense to keep their potential and capacity to better use and do something fruitful for future, but it also plays key role in developing an individual to be good, reasonable and responsible member of the community.
Topic: family

In education reading and writing is basic step as student gain most information from writing skills. Without basic education individual considered as illiterate in our society. It is crucial for the job to live a standard life on other hand uneducated person or unskillful person face lot of difficulties in applying for the job. It is mostly seemed that poor people get job for standard life and they compromise on their life just for getting education. As our religious says that “seek knowledge from the lap of mother to grave’’. Without education a person can not interacts with other person in the society. Education creates self confidence in an individual. Education is just like a wings for the student as great thinker say that “without education a person is like a bird without wings. Education also play important role in modernization and in modern techniques. Education develops inner sense of the maturity in the people for the importance of the time, mostly well-educated people give value to the time as common people gives to the money and earning. Educated person can easily convince to others on his point of view, gives fact and figure on his statement.
Topic: family

In society education helps in spreading the techniques of innovation, so we can say that more skillful education more technologies will spread. Like importance changes in war tools, medicine, computers etc. finely we can say that jewelry of education is hope of Glimmer for the backward societies in world. It is mentioned above that bird can not fly in air or space without feathers same like a person can not survive well in their respective society. And also it is clear from the Hadith that “knowledge is third power of man”. So, without knowledge it is impossible to do well in any field of the society or education department.
Topic: family

Now, we compare the education system in the world with respect to Pakistan. In the Japan the children are admitted to school for the purpose of real education but not for the academic purpose. The Japanese people tend to live without their children in home, it’s main purpose or aim is to trained the children to manage their things themselves and to become responsible in future. There is proper transport for the children which pick them from home t school. When the children inter in the school, they polish their shoes themselves and also took their lunch, after that wash the pots. It is so because of real education. The purpose real education is “children must be taught, how to think, not what to think” Margaret Mead. The real education prepares us for life, creates useful values and healthy relation with the families and societies. It plays essential role in making human being into a human. But actually, it varies person to person. In Germany the basic education is provided by the government, the nursery education is provided to all children from one year to six years old. Afterward the school is compulsory for the student or child. Education system vary from country to country with respect their education system and policies, so Germany has very invaluable and priceless system of the education. most of the children in Germany join ground school system from the age of six year to nine years old. The secondary education system of the Germany comprises of two components pertaining to student’s capacity and their approach, that is lower level and upper level education. according to German system to provide and teach the pupils elemental general education and prepare them to join upper secondary phase of education, on other hand upper phase has different categories of the education which are being mentioned below;
Topic: family

Education system of Pakistan is nothing as compared to the Japan and Germany due to bad and unskillful arrangement of system and elements in particular form and figure. Therefore, the conditions of the education setup of different region of our country is worst. It is admittedly and recognizable that education is backbone of the nation as without backbone human cannot locomote similarly a nation can not run longer or stand proper in the absence of quality education. It is more common quote which is written on the corridor or entrance gate of South Africans universities that it is not important to destroy the nation with the long range missile or atom bomb but to destroy any nation it requires lowering the quality of education and allowing cheating to student in the examination of that country. It is important to look at the history of the developed nation, we might reach safely at our goal and conclude that advanced nation of globe approached at top of widespread respect and strength seeking support from the well education. Unfortunately, in Pakistan it is very worst condition of education, because there is no proper use of budged on educational institutions and interest of regime is so far. According to the UNESCO report the rate in Pakistan is at decline or lower education development index for all goal. The literacy rate of Pakistani adults fails to go behind the dangerous line that is about 50%. while literacy rate of women is very worst that is shame for our department of education that 33% of the adult women cannot even read. Further it is being mentioned that our young children are out of the school whose count are about 6 million (UNESCO,2007).
Topic: family

Sindh is most urbanized province which is facing large number of povert, lack of provisions, there is less concept of women education, mostly they are out of school. It is mostly estimated that about 52% of Sindhi women are out of the school or are uneducated. Like other provinces of the Pakistan Sindh has same setup or system of the education. According to research this system taking place in 6 subfield that are katchi, primary, middle, secondary and higher secondary and tertiary, but there is confusion I am not agree with this setup which is mentioned in research by the Sindh education department. They might be wright but there is no implementation on the system which is mentioned in paper. The system of education which is being followed in Sindh that is mentioned as; primary, elementary, secondary and higher secondary. We will describe each of them with some description which are currently attending and following in different educational institutions.
Topic: family

The primary education in Sindh is considered as basic education or early child education, it is teaching for the period of 5 years starting from class 1 to 5. In Sindh mostly primary education given to child at the age of 7 years. Before this child remain with their parents. Mostly the education system in primary has combined system for boys and girls. Only one teacher is given to the specific school for the all subjects but unfortunately all subjects are not taught to the students in government schools. On other hand private system is well developed in which all subjects are covered.
Topic: family

The Sindh has largest GDP per capita as compared to the other province of the Pakistan and is second largest province in the ranking of the population has 50 million people. For the education department of Sindh, the total budged is used about 21 percentage according to fiscal year of 2013. But the soul piercing question rises in our mind why education system of Sindh is failing? Who is responsible for this critical situation? Are government, Are teacher? Are parents and public? Who is responsible for the education of students, who is? one who play with the future of Pakistan. Its main reasons are mentioned below;
Topic: family

According to my point of view at primary level the educational policies are not well which are traditional, even we are living in the twenty-one century. The teacher taught the students only Sindh and Urdu subject and also pain full news is that it limited to only reading and writing. No any creative activities are performed by teachers to the students. Basic education of the student is weak than how it would possible for student to face higher education? How it would possible for the nation to improve the education quality?
Topic: family

Deficit staff is major cause of unstable education system in Sindh. It concerned with only governmental educational sectors. Sindh government has lack of teaching staff and its main cause is that the 40% staff are ghost, similarly they are appointed through documentation process but are unaware about the locality of school. They are busy in drawing salaries without any performing their duties and they pay to other unskilled person to go instead of their own job place. It is test for Sindh government to improve the quality of teachers and should appoint young and well qualified teachers at merit bases.
Topic: family

All problems have savior effect on the root of education but without building it is very difficult to read and write in open sky. There are many schools in Sindh which are unfacilitated with the buildings, chair, desks and black boards. Mostly student write on wooden slate. There is also no proper electricity supply for the school as it is very difficult for the school children to sit at 48C. If buildings are available but are not safe to sit under them, there is requirement of repairing. Until and unless Sindh government is unaware and fail to do some thing better for education system.
Topic: family

There is inadequate supply of the funds for the education of Sindh, but we also mentioned the Sindh government provide 21 percentage of budged but its utilization in not found in the education setup of Sindh due the carelessness of government. In the fiscal year of 2010 the utilization of budget by province Sindh is only 60% out of its total educational budget. Other provinces use their mostly budget of education so they are at top range in education. Again, question arise in my mind how it would possible to develop infrastructure, quality of education and strength of qualified teachers? In this regard it will impossible for government to root out the problems.
Topic: family

The relationship between parents in a family is essential for their children’s behavior. Being rased in a peaceful environment will lead to healthy growth. Parent’s behavior indicates directly to the child’s development. As fewer children are being raised by two parents, the concern for children who are experiencing changes in the structure of their families has risen. Children whose parents live apart are twice as likely to drop out of high school as those in two-parent families and twice as likely to become single parents themselves (McLanahan & Sandefur, 1994).
Topic: family

Children who are raised in a two-parent family are more likely to have a more positive perception of life. The support of their parents helps them grow healthier and see things from another point of view. The commitment of both parents toward family makes it stronger and a better environment for the newborns. The good relationship between the two adults is also transferred to the child. Children who are grown by two continuously married parents are less likely to experience a wide range of problems (Amato, 2003).
Topic: family

A part of family structure are also siblings, who play an important role in the development of younger siblings. Even though they might seek attention most of the time, siblings, who act jointly continuously affect younger one’s social development and the creation of personality as they have perceived from their parents. As children grow up while being rivals they might create strong bonds between each other. While they might compete at first, those who are trained well by their parents, later on, might create strong relationships and support.
Topic: family

The first values, abilities, thoughts, perceptions, and lessons of a child are gained during the period when they are still strongly related to their parents. The care and attention that children receive from their parents indicate the ability to handle different life issues. This ability helps them to set up later relations with other people outside their family. Family is a communication belt for the spread of culture and values on the oncoming generation (Merton, 1949). According to Goldsmith (2000), in a society, specific values and behaviors thought to be important and fundamental for children’s growth and development are perceived by parents. For example, children are affected by their parents’ behavior, choice of dress, attitude, and education. While they are growing up and become adults they assemble information that shapes their roles as parents, their perception of men and women, their perception of life, their beliefs and their attitudes. For example, how a person makes plans or sets standards are learned from childhood. Parents choose to use and transfer to their children those principals that they learned when they were young.
Topic: family

As children grow up they understand that people have wishes, needs, interests, and ways. Children who are growing up in a family with other siblings learn to share the things that they have with each other, so they learn what living with others means. This later helps them collaborate and create relationships with new people during their life. Siblings help the younger ones to create proper informal behaviors such as how to act at school or how to acts around friends, behaviors which help on their everyday life experiences. By taking the older one’s habits, children strengthen their communication skills.
Topic: family

Children create their personality with the influence of the environment that they grow up in. The relationship between family members and the way they act as a social group affects the identity development of their child. A report by Sue Flanigan at West Virginia University states that there is a chance that birth order can affect the shaping of a child’s self-perception. Parents who are more supportive and encouraging toward their children are most likely to develop a more confident child and with higher self-esteem. Children raised by more critical parents tend to have lower self-esteem, especially when they are criticized for their physical appearance (Harter, 1993).
Topic: family

There can be other options for children to still grow up in a healthy environment with the support of the community, lawmakers, programs, and policy writers. Many of times these decisions or made through the courts by lawyers, policies, and judges. With the best interest of the children and families in place sometimes the placement can be short or long. These placements homes are called group homes for adolescents. Many of times when you hear of group homes for adolescents’ things such as troubled kids, teenage mothers, mental illness, drug/alcohol abuse.
Topic: family

One family concern within a child’s placement of a group home is their health. Health concerns can impact in both negative and positive ways for many. Working closely and providing support to family’s emotional support, economic well being, and overall health issue. There are medical coverages that policymakers ensure for children and families for primary health coverage. The first way policymakers try to ensure support is making sure there are no stress factors or conflict that would have negative effects on good health both mental /physical. Making sure that individuals can offer affordable health care along with social relationships. Stress like in so many families can bring on mental illness, disabilities, and even chronic health diseases.
Topic: family

An example of stress would be a failing marriage. A failing marriage can offset one to not be able to provide children with a stable yet healthy environment. Marriage should provide a family with a sense of well-being, protection, emotional, financial security. That’s not always the case for everyone abuse can show up rather its mental, emotional, or even physical. Not having emotional support from parents, friends, or others can play on one’s mental health. The policymakers try to look at the overall issues affecting families today to create positive dynamics in family health.
Topic: family

The Merrian-Webster definition states “a group of individuals under one roof”, if we look around almost every aspect of our lives involves a group of individuals. For example, even though each person practices a different religion there is a group of believers whom we would call our family. Growing up as a child we play with a group of friends and become so attached to them that we may call them our pretend sister or brother, at a young age we learn that family is not always those who live with you.
Topic: family

Through the ups and downs in my life, these are the core key characteristics I continue to use to help me define family: support, love, trust, and sacrifice. I learned at a young age that blood-related would not be one of my key characteristics. Growing up as a latch key kid and with a single parent, I quickly learned that moms’ friends and our neighbors would quickly become like an aunt or uncle. I remember by the time she walked into the house, she knew how many times I had gone outside when I knew I wasn’t allowed the rule was not until she arrived home and I had permission. Moms’ friend and our neighbors would inform her when she would pull into the driveway. They were always the ones watching over me from a distance until mom made it home from work. I remember as a kid I would get so upset at them for telling on me but as I grew older learn they were like my extended family even though they were not blood-related and that’s when I learned that blood related is not a characteristic of the family. If I think about it they pretty much helped my mom raise me while I went through middle and high school, there was always a pair of eyes watching when mom was at work.
Topic: family

Family is the building block of society. It is the most basic social group in any society. How members in one family relate to each other affects their lives, their work, and their friends. Groups of families that interact with each other, relate to each other and work together build a larger society. By definition, a family is a social group whose members are bound by a legal, biological, and/or emotional tie. The new model of a family is the nuclear family which is defined as a heterosexual (usually married) couple, living in their own household and raising children; usually with a stay at home mom and a bread-winning father.
Topic: family

One of the advantages of functionalism is its inclusion of all social institutions, of which family is one; in an attempt to provide a universal social theory that explains society in one comprehensive model. Therefore, the family is viewed by functionalists as a social institution that contributes to social order. It is also found to be responsible for the reproduction of society as it produces and socializes children who will in turn become future workers and produce and socialize more new members of society, whereby the values and norms of the society are passed on to the next generation.