ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: family

Many problems surface regarding the causes of violent behavior towards nurses. Mental health issues are on the rise. Mental health patients, whether by genetics or by choice due to drug addiction, are found seeking treatment in hospital settings due to lack of financial resources for needed medications and care. This is changing the dynamics of nursing care. These patients have been out of their medications for an extended period of time. They are often treated on medical floors due to sickness, or overcrowding of psych units. Medical floors are not equipped to protect nurses from violent outbursts, compared to psychiatric units. Nurses are often not trained to pick up on cues, that could alert them the patient may become violent. Adding to the fact, that the elderly are living longer, which increases the dementia and Alzheimer statistics. These patients become agitated, and pose a danger to themselves and nurses. They develop sundowning at night, and try to wonder off the unit, only to be coerced back by nursing staff. They become increasingly combative towards nursing staff striking, hitting, and spitting to name a few. Mentally ill and confused patients, out of the usual psychiatric lock down unit, pose a serious threat to nurses. Our Nation is experiencing a rise in substance and alcohol abuse, which affects the nursing profession. These patients visit, or are admitted to the hospital settings, without access to their drug or drink of choice. They become confused, angry, and often times combative, while detoxing on a medical floor. This is a potentially volatile situation, for nurses to be required to work in. Another problem worth mentioning, abuse, includes a lack of interpersonal skills due to social media. Social media apps such as Facebook, create a deficiency in person to person communication skills, and the ability to resolve conflicts with others in an appropriate manner. Social media users may have 1,000 friends on their friends list, but these connections are limited, and usually not meaningful. The last issue to consider, comprises the breakdown of family and moral values in today’s society. Mental illness, substance, and alcohol abuse are smothering the family structure. Absent and emotionally distant parents perchance, create socially dysfunctional children, who then have the likelihood to become angry, socially difficult adults. Individuals have become preoccupied with trivial insignificant matters, in a world that is shifting, to an it’s all about me based mindset. These morals are silently being passed on within the family structure, with no regard to the generational effect it may have on the future of society as a whole. The deterioration of the family structure, with no regards to moral accountability, potentially produces disrespectful, angry adults.
Topic: family

In 2015, the American Nurses Association (ANA) organized a professional issues panel on workplace violence (ANA, 2019). This panel formed the #endnurseabuse, and is responsible for setting the zero-tolerance policy, shedding light on the growing violence towards nurses (ANA, 2019). A review completed in 2018, by the ANA, discovered that 62 percent of nurses were subjected to physical and verbal abuse in the healthcare setting (ANA, 2019). The ANA continues to advocate for nurses through updating policies, legislating state and federal government, and creating resources to end violence towards nurses. The North Carolina Nurses Association (NCNA) pushed hard for House Bill 560, that was signed into law in 2015, making it a felony to assault any hospital worker on hospital property (NCNA, 2019). Although we have many agencies in our corner, violence against nurses in the workplace still has many drawbacks that need to be addressed.
Topic: family

Advancements in healthcare fluctuate at a rapid pace. An important bill, currently approved to move forward to the House of Representatives in June, 2019, is H.R. 5233-Healthcare Workplace Violence Prevention Act (NNU, 2019). The National Nurses United (NNU) is urging House leadership to vote swiftly in an effort to move the bill ahead quickly, as they feel lives are at stake with the rise in violence towards nurses in the healthcare setting (NNU, 2019). According to the NNU (2019), this bill will force OSHA to require employers in healthcare facilities to develop specific workplace plans to prevent violence towards healthcare workers.
Topic: family

The issue of violence towards nurses is significant to the nursing practice and profession. We are a profession that works hard and we are dedicated to helping others. We advocate often for our patient’s health and well-being. When nurses are verbally or physically attacked, while working so hard to keep patients safe, they begin to feel defeated. According to Phillips (2016), after an occurrence of workplace violence, nurses tend to have an increase in missed workdays due to stress and fatigue, which results in burnout. Nurse burnout decreases productivity, and ultimately patient care and outcomes suffer. Sadly, a decline in the nurse-to-patient ratio becomes a concern, due to nurses seeking employment opportunities elsewhere, due to stress and safety concerns.
Topic: family

According to OSHA (2019), workplace violence consists of an act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening conduct whether physical or verbal. These types of incidences, are increasing at an alarming rate within the healthcare setting, yet are rarely reported (Joint Commission, 2019). Violence, especially verbal abuse, happens so frequently in the hospital environment that most nurses feel it is part of the job. As violence in the workplace rises, the quality of the nurse’s patient care declines (Gillespie et al., 2015).
Topic: family

An increasing controversy concerning violence towards nurses, is the fear of reprisal by administration if the nurse defends herself, and thus causes harm to the patient. Many hospitals have policies in place that carry strict disciplinary actions, up to the firing of a nurse. Often, nurses working in environments where violent episodes occur on a regular basis, are made to feel that it’s just part of the job (Martinez, 2016). These types of rationales, are a few of the reasons, most workplace violence incidents towards nurses is underreported.
Topic: family

Strategies should be put in place to reduce incidents in violence against nurses. Education is one of the strongest approaches, and should be mandatory every year. The use of specialized teams, called upon when a patient or family member is acting out verbally or physically towards a nurse, has proven to be effective. This team usually consists of security staff, a nursing supervisor, and a psych nurse. The use of violent or non-violent restraints as a tool is available, but should only be utilized as the least restrictive means necessary. Metal detectors are a great resource for healthcare facilities, deflecting the potential violence towards nurses with weapons such as firearms, knives, or any other metal weapons (Phillips, 2016).
Topic: family

As a nurse working in bedside patient care for the past 10 years, I have seen a noticeable decline in the respect patients and family members show nurses. Many of my co-workers blame this on the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS), which is a patient satisfaction survey requirement for hospitals by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). In their opinion, the HCAHPS has resulted in needy patients, who seem to think the hospital is a four-star hotel, and nurses have become nothing more than glorified butlers and maids. I however, continue to perceive the decline in respect for nurses, and the increase in violence as a societal breakdown.
Topic: family

The societal breakdown has created the perfect storm, in regards to the violence we see towards nurses in healthcare today. Mental illness and drug abuse patients, have no choice but to be treated in non-psychiatric units, due to lack of funding and resources. The decline in family morals, along with social media misconceptions, give rise to unstable adults. Physical and verbal abuse towards nurses is on the rise in the workplace. As a profession, nurses need to demand change. Nurse association groups, along with state and federal legislation, is vital to making the needed changes. Keeping current on significant issues and trends, regarding violence in healthcare, can help develop the needed strategies to potentially save yourself or a coworker.
Topic: family

But now because of modernity the knowledge of power is produced in that way mentality of the people changed and women have more opportunities now they are no longer in private but also in public sphere but here she is doubly exploited because of the burden of house that still carry, that’s create certain limitation on her. As if I look Kant theory about public and private sphere in which freedom has its own sets of limits but in public people can question and can raise their problems but in private, they just have to obey without questioning (such like that women can question in public but in private freedom of women in kinship has its own limits).
Topic: family

Power is additionally a major source of social teach and congruity. In moving consideration absent from the sovereign and episodic work out of control, customarily centred in medieval states to coerce their subjects, Foucault pointed to a modern kind of disciplinary power that can be watched within the regulatory frameworks and social administrations that were made in 18th century Europe, such as jails, schools and mental healing centres. Their frameworks of reconnaissance and appraisal not required constrain or savagery, as individuals learned to teach themselves and carry on in anticipated ways.
Topic: family

A key point almost Foucault’s approach to control is that it rises above legislative issues and sees control as a regular, mingled and encapsulated wonder. Typically, why state-centric control battles, counting revolutions, don’t continuously lead to alter within the social arrange. For a few, Foucault’s concept of control is so tricky and expelled from office or structure that there appears to be small scope for down to earth activity. But he has been gigantically compelling in indicating to the ways that standards can be so implanted as to be past our discernment causing us to teach ourselves without any wilful impelling from others.
Topic: family

As modernisation has arrived but the old mythology of Hindu culture and their values is still creating a problem to accept new changes. As mentioned in book of seeing like a feminist by Nivedita Menon about the institution that mange’s this policing of sexualities is the patriarchal heterosexual family. (Menon 2012). A family can as it were be a patriarchal, heterosexual family: a man, his spouse, his children. Thus, in that case patriarchal family is based on unequal distribution.
Topic: family

Patriarchal is still that much stressed in our society that love marriages and valentine days are considered dangerous for their family reputation as we can see one example of Haryana Khap panchayats were honour killing is continued to save family reputation. There are other factors of honour killing importantly caste in which love is hanged and patriarchal society wins. Other example can be seen in up were chief minister Yogi Aditya Nath movement of anti-Romeo squad to stop couples to hang around without their permission of families and this would consider crime.
Topic: family

The real remedy for breaking caste is inter-caste marriages. Nothing else will serve as the solvent of caste (Ambedkar 1936 :67). Caste plays an important role in kinship according to this Hindu marriage mostly done in endogamy practices. So, that the hierarchy system would be maintained. As if we look in perspective of Foucault than it alludes to as normalization: these collected procedures constitute principle ways that disciplines control their claim objects. People started to be judged concurring to such standards, and standards got to be valuable inside connections of control since they in turn constructed areas of information, in which “knowing things” was based on “knowing norms.
Topic: family

The consider of family relationship is the ponder of what he (man) does and why he does it, and the results of the appropriation of one elective instead of another. Fox advance says: The consider of connection is the ponder of what man does with these essential truths of life such as mating, development, parenthood, socialization, kin dispatch, etc. Foucault say that is only power is a conception of in general impacts of these sorts of connections that exist at all levels of society and inside talks.
Topic: family

As dimension of modernity has bring changed in the ideology of people when it comes about a new sexual identity emerged (LGBT). The contradiction was that section 377 is now abolished but earlier according to this section sexual acts against the order of nature is considered crime, it simply implies that how patriarchal notion of heterosexuality’s management is forced by a law to continued them legally. But now after the abolishment of this law, it gave freedom to LGBT but due to patriarchal rules which are still exist in our families it will be hard full for them to live their way as they want for example in movie like “ek ladki ko dekha to aisa lga” how Sonam Kapoor fights for her sex interest.
Topic: family

But because of our Indian society is still supports patriarchy, this new identity LGBT will face challenges from families and society because of heterosexuality marriage is considered good in society not the same sex marriages or other marriages. Control is continuously intentional-power relations don’t exist that are evidently worked out without “points and targets.” As Foucault say in the nature of power in the history of sexuality volume 1 that control is hence vital, but does not include a prevailing or knowing subjectivity. The way that control relations show themselves inside a society, culture, or talk is completely purposefulness, but without a particular person or autonomous source whose targets and points might have decided the organize of power’s methodologies.
Topic: family

When we make decisions and experience things, we often describe them as being our own, “ours. However, when we think about why we made those decisions and why we experience things we come to realize that we are influenced by society to make decisions for us. There are many external societal factors that influence our beliefs and values which in turn affect how and why we make decisions. My family, friends, and society in general have heavily influenced the way I have lived my life and the person that I am today.
Topic: family

I was birthed into this world on January 24, 2002 in the city of San Jose, California, eyes wide open, ready to be shaped and molded into the individual that society wanted me to become. Immediately I was given the ascribed status of a girl. A quick glance was all it took to confirm what then became my gender and that was that. With this social label my parents, in result, treated me according to society’s view of how a girl should be treated.
Topic: family

This included pink and purple everything, dolls and dollhouses. It wasn’t until I got a little older and would play with my cousins that that stereotype began to change. I grew up surrounded by a lot of family mainly because my culture is very family-oriented, but also because my family was so large in number. Most of my first cousins, especially those close to my age, were male. Because many of my cousins who I played with as a child were male, I started to participate in more “boy” activities.
Topic: family

For example, playing in the dirt and mud, playing basketball, and playing video games. I do not recall my parents or family ever saying anything about me participating in these activities however, I do remember an occurrence when I was in kindergarten in art class. The art teacher had assigned us an art project where we were to paint a picture for our dads for Father’s Day. I decided to paint flowers for my dad because at the time he liked to garden and had all kinds of vegetables and flowers growing in our backyard. When I had told the art teacher what I was going to paint she told me to paint something else, like a car. At the time I didn’t understand why I couldn’t paint flowers for my dad when I knew that he would like it, but that didn’t matter because flowers are “girly” and not meant for boys. This was just the first of my experiences with society’s gender roles.
Topic: family

I am the youngest and only girl out of three other siblings. However, they are all half-siblings. I have two older brothers from my father and one older brother from my mother. Because of this, and because of the large age gap between my brothers and I, I never experienced that close sibling relationship with them. Being not only the youngest, but also the only girl had a huge influence on who I am today. My dad had only ever had sons, so he, in a way, treated me like another son. He wanted me to play all kinds of sports like my brothers did. I was never an athletic person, and still am not, so I never played any sports that my brothers played like football and baseball. My dad also was rougher with me because he didn’t want me to be “soft”. Because of this I was called a “baby” or “wimp” if I cried over little things. My mom however, always defended saying that it was okay for me to cry though her reasoning was because I’m a girl and you must be more careful around me because I am not as tough as a boy.
Topic: family

Growing up in the Bay Area the community that I was surrounded by was extremely diverse much like here in Sacramento, if not more so. There was a great mix of people from different cultures, religions, and backgrounds. The neighborhood that I grew up in specifically was inhabited mostly by middle class families, my own included. Being around people of the same or similar social class and economic backgrounds caused less discrimination and prejudice toward people when it came to social statuses and salaries. Being raised in this community also encouraged diversity especially in race and ethnicities, so even at a young age, seeing people of different skin colors participating in various cultural practices became a norm.
Topic: family

Though I am half African American and half Chamorro, I was raised predominantly by my maternal side of the family. My mother and my mother’s side of the family being Pacific Islanders, I grew up with their beliefs, norms, and values solely because that was what I grew up with. As a Pacific Islander, more specifically a Chamorro/Guamanian, our culture is centered around a very social lifestyle. Our culture is also extremely family-oriented and that includes both immediate and extended family members, so as I was raised, family was taught to be one of the most important values in life. Another important value that was taught is storytelling. Passing down stories through generations was taught to be important in order to keep the culture alive. Because Pacific Islanders are not a very common race compared to others based on population sizes, there is often prejudice towards Pacific Islanders since there is such little common knowledge about us. Pacific Islanders as a group are often generalized to all be Hawaiian or the same as Hawaiians when that is not the case. At a young age when people would ask me where I am from and I would tell them that I am from Guam, they would be confused, which even at a young age I understood because it is a very small island on the other side of the globe, and I wouldn’t expect them to know. It was often difficult to feel involved or connected with classmates and groups in school because of the race being so underrepresented. In turn, I embrace my ethnicity and culture as much as possible and will be sure to pass those values on to my future children. One way I embrace my culture right now is through cultural dancing. I have danced with a local Polynesian dance group since I was nine years old. In the group we perform Hula, Tahitian, and other Polynesian dances. Hula and Tahitian dancing are often sexualized because of the movement of the hips and the type of attire worn, especially by women, when dancing and performing. When I would tell people that I danced Hula and Tahitian, many times guys would say things like, “Oh, so you can move your hips?” Society portrays the “Hula Girl” in a way to attract tourists or a public relations campaign. As a result, sometimes people don’t take the performances seriously or do not recognize the significance of the dance. This is just another example of the lack of common knowledge of Pacific Island cultures.
Topic: family

Another value that Pacific Islanders have is practicing religion. There is no one religion that is enforced specifically however, Catholicism is predominantly practiced within the race. My father is not a very religious person and that was just how he was raised, but my mother was raised in a very Catholic home. Consequently, I was raised in a Catholic family. My maternal grandmother often pushes Catholicism on me and my other cousins. If someone were to ask me right now what religion I follow, I would tell them Catholicism but only because that is the only religion that I was taught about or practiced. As I have grown older and have been more educated on different religions and on how different people view religion, my belief about certain practices and their purpose has faltered. I believe in God, but many of the beliefs and rules of the Catholic faith I have begun to question. Religion is very complicated. As I am growing and truly finding what I believe in, I begin to question who is right? Who is wrong? Is there a right or a wrong? Overall, my religion is something that I am continuing to question every day and will continue to change as I discover myself and my true beliefs.
Topic: family

Sexuality and my sexual orientation were not something that I ever really thought a lot about. Growing up I knew that I was attracted to the opposite sex. It wasn’t until I got older, around middle school, when I was properly educated about the different sexual orientations. At that time, it was starting to become more common for people around my age to discover their sexuality. Becoming more educated on the various sexual orientations, my orientation did not change however, I became more open to a possible change. All my life thus far I have only ever been attracted to the opposite sex, heterosexual, but I cannot say that I will never be attracted to someone of the opposite sex or someone of a different gender identity.
Topic: family

The way that society and the people in my life have defined race and ethnicity, social class, and gender have greatly affected how my life has developed thus far. They have shifted the way I view my roles as a mixed race, middle class, female. The things that I have experienced and learned have affected and will continue to affect the way I live the rest of my life. Society has a huge impact on our lives and will continue to change and shape the way we live throughout time. Our experiences in the social world are what make us who we are.
Topic: family

Early in my childhood, looking up to my entrepreneurial father work hard in his own venture imbibed a sense of determination and curiosity to explore beyond academics deep in my mind. In a bid to develop my all-around abilities, I got involved in extracurricular activities such as playing snooker, swimming, and backpacking which further enhanced my decision-making skills. Involved in my father’s business of construction materials since teenage, I have been fortunate to learn the nits-and-grits of managing a business – from managing account payables to improving customer relations.
Topic: family

Owing to my fascination with the ever-fluctuating index points and the financial markets, I started pursuing courses in finance. A strong foundation about Financial reporting standards, equity and bond valuation, etc., built through the CFA, has aided me in effectively performing fundamental analysis of stocks. The interconnectedness of the global markets and the importance of risk management, which I realized during my experience as a real-time trader in the markets, motivated me to pursue the FRM which has enhanced my ability to manage risks more effectively.
Topic: family

My zeal for entrepreneurship led me to set up my own online retail store – www.33.Deals – where 33 different deals, which resembled ongoing customer trends thereby making the store immune to competition, were updated every month. To avoid the trouble of maintaining an inventory, I contacted suppliers from China through online platforms such as Alibaba.com, persuading them to ship the products from China itself. I learned to integrate and mature Facebook Pixel and started ad campaigns with demographic selections specific to each product, reaching a more targeted customer base and better ROI. Following up on potential customers through email campaigns using MailChimp, along with the use of plugins such as Facebook Messenger, helped retain customers and personalize their experience.
Topic: family

I believe that the MSc in Management from a prestigious school would not only help me bridge theoretical gaps in the management field about concepts like marketing, strategy etc. but also help complement my existing finance and entrepreneurial skill set. In the short term, I intend to gain further knowledge through the ESCP MIM course and join companies like EY and KPMG as a financial consultant. In the long term, I see myself growing within the company to an executive level responsible for formulating and applying innovative solutions.
Topic: family

ESCP has been ranked as one of the top schools in Europe for the Masters in Management course. The exciting opportunity to study in multiple countries over 4 semesters across different parts of Europe would give me exposure to a multitude of cultures which could come in very handy towards my goal of becoming a global financial consultant. The opportunity to do internships using the acquired theoretical knowledge and gain practical exposure of entrepreneurship through the trip to Silicon Valley definitely makes ESCP my preferred choice. The specialisations on Finance (Paris) and Entrepreneurship (Berlin) align well with my goal of becoming a financial consultant.
Topic: family

Your nurse walks calmly into your cozy private hospital room after giving birth to your precious child, the same child looking up at their new mom grinning, now if that nurse was to tell you that your newborn was at a 4x greater risk of poverty, 7x more likely to be a teenage parent, more likely to have behavioral problems, more likely to use drugs or alcohol, more likely to go to prison, more likely to commit crimes, 2 times more likely to drop out of high school, 2 times more likely to suffer obesity and god forbid two times more likely to suffer infant mortality.
Topic: family

Controlling factors such as low income, children growing up in fatherless households are at a greater risk of experiencing a variety of behavioral and educational problems, including extremes of hyperactivity and withdrawal, lack of attentiveness in the classroom, impaired academic achievement, school misbehavior, absenteeism, dropping out, involvement in socially alienated peer groups, and the so called teenage syndrome of behaviors that tend to hang together smoking, drinking, early and frequent sexual experience, and in the more extreme cases, drugs, suicide, vandalism, violence, and criminal acts.
Topic: family

Pregnancy is a significant contributor to high school dropout rates among girls. Only about 50% of teen mothers receive a high school diploma by the age of 22 compared to their counter parts of which 90% of women who do not give birth during adolescence graduate from high school, But it’s not all negative, between 1991 and 2015, the teen birth rate dropped 64%, which resulted in $4.4 billion in public savings in 2015 alone.
Topic: family

Even after controlling income, youths in fatherless homes still had significantly higher odds of incarceration than those in mother father households. Youths who never had a father in the household experienced the highest odds. A 2002 Department of Justice survey of 7,000 inmates revealed that 39% of jail inmates lived in mother-only households. Approximately 46% percent of jail inmates in 2002 had a previously incarcerated family member.
Topic: family

While dating violence can happen in different ethnic groups, African Americans are typically overrepresented in demographic categories that are at higher risk for dating violence. Although this racial group is economically and socially diverse, African Americans on average are younger, more prone to be impoverished, and less likely to be married compared to their white counterparts (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). Dating violence experienced by black Americans will occur in nonmarital relationships. According to the National Crime Victimization Survey, African Americans are more victimized by boyfriends or girlfriends than spouses (Boye-Beaman, Joni, Leonard & Senchak, 1993).
Topic: family

The ‘jezebel’ is seen as a woman who is unfaithful, evasive and morally unrestrained while the ‘matriarch’ is seen as an African American man who is domineering, masculine, and severely critical (West, 2000). Throughout the history of our society white women have been portrayed as stark contrasts of both images (Gillum, 2002). It is not definite whether dating violence in black communities are the direct cause of these stereotypes.
Topic: family

These portrayals for black women and men have opposing impacts. African American women who internalize the messages from these depictions, are most likely to partake in victim-blaming. While African American men exercise their power as the man in the relationship over the woman’s disparaging position (matriarch) or develop the need to control their women’s insatiable libido (jezebel) (Gillum,2002). In romantic relationships, there is a strong influence of oppression and powerlessness. African American adolescents who are proposed to these ideas of African American men and women as ‘adversaries’ have been found to engage in physical violence (West, 2000).
Topic: family

It is believed that African American teens could possibly be influenced by these portrayals from their families of origin. Compared to their adult counterparts, the number of teens who held these views or beliefs were very similar. (Rose, 2000). However, black adolescents in romantic relationships were found to be more aggressive and are psychological and verbal in nature, unlike African American adults (Rose, 2000). Females were found to be the perpetrators more than males in these studies. Although, physical aggression can be present among both African American men and women.
Topic: family

Prevalence of Dating Violence White middle-class high school and college students in dating relationship reported being involved in physical violence were between 20 percent and 30 percent. The most prevalent forms of less severe violence were pushing, slapping, choking, and throwing objects. However, violence that was life-threatening was also present. Approximately, 3 percent to 5 percent of Whitå college students have experienced being threatened, choked, or beaten (Aizenman & Kelley, 1988; Riggs, 1988).
Topic: family

Såxual violåncå in dating rålationships was also prevalent. Studies have shown that rapes that happen in dating relationships among White women are about 57% and 25% of them reported being victims of completed or attempted rape Various types of sexual coercion were reported often by women than men. This included touching, completed rape, pressure to have sex, forced kissing, and attempted rape (Wood & Rennie, 1994). Typically, the perpetrators of these forms of sexual aggressions were mainly men.
Topic: family

Compared to their whitå countårparts, dating violence was more prevalent among middle class African American teens. About 1/4 of Black undergraduates reported that while being in a dating relationship, thåy experienced physical violence. The most common forms of physical violence were pushing, slapping, hitting, and choking (Piårce-Bakår, 1998). African Americans couplås who are divorced and seeking marriage licenses both indicated that they experienced dating violence while being in a romantic relationship. Studiås havå shown significant rates of sexual violence against black teens, however, the victims of this form of violence were likely to be black women (Piårce-Bakår, 1998). Between 34% and 50% African Americans female college students revealed that they were pressured to have sex by their partners.
Topic: family

When considering sexual violence, studies shown that African American females are more likely to be victimized than men. However, psychological and verbal aggression is not acknowledged among black couples. About 90 percent of both African American female and male undergraduates reported that they were either a victim or perpetrator of verbal abuse, which included swearing and insults (Rouse, 1988). In addition, morå than 80% of black undårgraduates reported that they also experience forms of psychological abuse such as rejection and possessiveness. However, both women and men revealed that they were equivalent to being victims of psychological and verbal abuse (Rouse, 1988).
Topic: family

Higher ratås of dating violåncå across studies were consistently reportåd by African Amårican couplås. For example, a survey was conducted by McLaughlin and his collåagues. The survey consisted of 150 African Amårican and 458 Caucasian couplås. Between 19 percent and 23 percent of black and whitå mån reported using mild aggression, such as grabbing, shoving, and pushing their partners. Howåver, 25 percent of black mån reported using moderate aggression, which included slapping and choking thåir partners comparåd with 12 percent of whitå mån.
Topic: family

According to these studies, dating violence among black couples are more prevalent than their white counterparts. African Americans appear to be culturally and biologically more susceptible to being involved in physical aggression with their partners. Yet, these findings indicate that African Americans are at higher for risks for all forms of violence because they are socially and economically disadvantagåd. However, racial differånces in ratås of dating violence frequåntly disappåar, or båcome låss pronouncåd, whån economic factors arå takån into consideration.
Topic: family

Teens who experience dating violence in their adolescence years, can have severe long-term effects on their adulthood. Studies have shown that teens who are abused in the early stages of their relationship are at increased risk in being involved in continuous abusive relationships or in their adult years becoming an abuser themselves. As teens mature into adults the regularity and form of violence can also be increased (Stets, 1993). Negative consequences can be at risk for both the victim and perpetrator and it is possible that they will develop somatic and psychological problems in the future.
Topic: family

Other serious problems that can develop from dating abuse are unplanned pregnancies, poor academic performance, STDs and the use of drugs and alcohol. These problems can potentially exist beyond adolescence into adulthood. Dating violence is also referred to as “dating abuse” and has four different forms, including emotional abuse, verbal abuse, sexual abuse and physical abuse. Dating violence usually occurs within non-marital couples and is the pattern of aggressive, controlling, and abusive behaviors. Dating violence can have detrimental effects on teens because of the negative impact it can have on their future. Generally, developmental tasks that arises during adolescence will determine how they will function in relationships when they are adults (Stets, 1993).
Topic: family

In addition, African Americans who are exposed to different forms of violence are likely to be involved in dating violence. Black teens who live in impoverished inner cities are at higher risk for developing social problems. According to the Surgeon General of the U.S., the violence and crime rates in inner cities have risen in recent years, while these rates in non-inner cities have lessen (2001). It was found that between 25 and 80 percent of black teens in one inner community had either witnessed an assault or killing (Wolfe, 1994). Not only is violence in inner cities a problem, the violence occurring among African Americans families is also prevalent. Children that are exposed to parental violence in their childhood, may experience abuse in their relationship when they become adults (Wolfe, 1994).
Topic: family

Children who witness parental abuse can also suffer from potentially long term consequences. One possible outcome is that these children could potentially be involved in an abusive relationship later in life. It is not certain that all children or teens who experience parental violence will become perpetrators or victims of dating violence in future relationships, yet, as a way to exercise their social status or express their love, African American teens or teens in general may exert violence due to the perceptions and observations of violence they experience in the past. However, recent studies have shown that these factors may be contributors.
Topic: family

The development of community violence is cause by the environment, yet, is not inaccessible from other societal factors. However, there may be a link between social problems including oppression and racial prejudice that are present within inner cities. African Americans are often faced with structural and cultural threats that can affect them physically and psychologically. Cultural threats are described as risks and dangers threatening the cultural heritage, especially among minorities. While structural threats is anything that expresses racial, economic or cultural inequalities. These factors are prevalent among African Americans and can negatively impact their lives and can increase the rates of violence.
Topic: family

Research James D. Johnson discovered that adolescents who are involved in dating violence or are accepting of dating violence were exposed to rap music and videos. A survey was conducted by Johnson and his colleagues (Johnson, 2005). The survey consisted of low-income African Americans adolescents that were split into two groups. The first group had to watch rap videos that were non-violent and displayed women in ‘sexually subordinate roles’. While the second group did not watch any rap videos. The next scenario involved both groups reading a short story about dating violence among two teens. In the story, the young aggressive male pushed his girlfriend because she was flirting with another guy. After reading the story, the groups were asked the question ‘Was it appropriate for him to push his girlfriend?’ The question was used to measure the acceptance of dating violence (Johnson, 2005).
Topic: family

In present day America, dating violence among teens has been a significant problem. Investigation of any factors that may play a part in the acceptance of the use of such violence would surely seem justified. The negative treatment and portrayals of black women in rap videos and lyrics could be a possible factor. Despite the fact, that social researchers have started to study the potential negative impacts of the lyrics and videos of rock music. However, the negative effects to the exposure of rap music has been overlooked (Hansen & Hansen, 2004). Considering that rap music has received a substantial amount of criticism and scrutiny by the media, it has been lacking empirical focus. It is believed that rap music may impact the attitudes and behaviors associated with the use of dating violence. This includes physical violence against young black women. A major criticism is that rap music is ingrained by men assumptions of women being objects of their sexual satisfaction (St. Lawrence & Joyner, 2006).
Topic: family

These affects have attracted political groups like the National Black Women’s Political Caucus to find legislation in order to control how rap music is being accessed. In fact, the exposure of rap music first experiential study showed that these effects may not be baseless. However, researchers have found that teens approving attitudes toward dating violence are in fact increased due to their exposure to rap music Johnson, Jackson, and Gatto (1995). Since the topic is mostly confined to males, it isn’t certain whether the function of gender will vary because of the exposure to rap music. Another issue is the effects of exposure to non-violent rap videos, yet, still hold depictions of women portrayed in sexually subordinate roles.
Topic: family

This effect is relevant because studies have shown that exposure to these images of women displayed in rap videos, can surely affect teen’s attitudes and perceptions. It is revealed that the effects of subsequent judgments of male-female interactions are associated with the sexual subordinate roles portrayed by women in rap music videos. However, the purpose of this study is to determine whether the effects of exposure to rap music videos that contain nonviolence will influence the approving attitudes toward dating violence among teens as a function of gender.
Topic: family

Imagine being the only person that looks like you, in a place where it is obvious you are not wanted. The scene described above is what Ruby Bridges experienced at only six years old. Ruby Bridges was the first African American girl to integrate an all-white school in 1960. This happened during a time of segregation which made her story really important. An article that gives us a perspective on what happened during Ruby’s school years, is an article from the website Social Studies for Kids.
Topic: family

This article would be considered a secondary source. It gives us a view of what others saw and thought Ruby was going through while attempting to support the integration of schools. Another article that was from a primary source was from the website NPR, which included an interview with Ruby Bridges talking about her personal experience and how she felt during that time. Looking at these two articles it became clear to me that both articles were talking about the same event and had some similarities, but there were also many differences.
Topic: family

Perspectives are determined by individual experiences. The two articles are written in a way that shows that the author’s experiences in life may have been different. Personal point of views and or world experiences help shape individual perspectives. The writer of the article written more for children stated that “Coles wanted other children to know of Ruby’s courage” However when we hear Ruby tells her story she didn’t really feel as if she was being courageous, just obedient. This is evident when she states,”I really wasn’t aware of what was going on. I mean the only thing that I was ever told by my parents that I was going to attend a new school and that I should behave.” Her perspective and the way she viewed the world came from her state of mind during that time and her values.
Topic: family

Another difference between these two articles is the different audiences. The article from NPR is for a mature audience and the article from Social Studies for kids is for a younger audience. With these audiences being different that means that the language and vocab are going to be different as well. The Social Studies for Kids article uses basic vocab that children would see in their history book or hear in their classrooms. One example of this is when the author states, “Ruby’s year at school wasn’t easy. She had nightmares. For a time, she stopped eating the lunch that her family had prepared for her.” The language and vocab we see in the NPR article is the type of language you would expect when having a conversation with someone who is more mature. Both Martin and Ruby Bridges which were the two people talking are very educated and you can see this in the article. You can see this because of the tone of the conversation. They are just calmly sitting and having a conversation and not just scratching the surface of the Ruby Bridges experience, but really going deeper. Martin the interviewer states in the article, ” they wanted to end the political invisibility that came with segregation.” This statement is one example of the maturity level that was required by the reader of this article. To be able to fully appreciate the conversation between the two and understand the correlation between segregation and politics, one must reach a different level of maturity than what is required to understand the views discussed in Social Studies for Kids.
Topic: family

One thing that both of these articles have in common is that they both have the same theme and overall focus, integration of schools and equal opportunity for all. The article from Social Studies for Kids says ” The integration came about as a result of a court order, not as a result of a request from the school.” It talks about how not many white people wanted Ruby at their school. In the NPR article Ruby talks about how “if you build a first-class school, an environment that you say, you know, will be diverse, we’re going to devote so much attention to diversity and teaching them values and having them learn side-by-side, I do believe that that somehow will help to close the gap.” Both articles focus on segregation of schools contributing to the problem of inequality. This explains why Ruby’s family allowed her to be exposed to a hostile environment. They were hoping that their small child would help make a larger impact on the world by helping bring about equality for people of all races.
Topic: family

Both articles address the abuse Ruby experienced but in very different ways. The Social Studies for kids article alludes to how cruel these adults were to Ruby but definitely not in as much detail. The article for kids states, “Someone in that angry mob threatened to poison Ruby’s food, so she brought her own food to school. Other people found other ways to try to unnerve Ruby.” The level of abuse experienced by Ruby involved so much more. However, I believe the authors motives for writing it this way was to appeal to his younger audience. The NPR article had many more references related to the mental and verbal abuse Ruby endured. Ruby clearly states in her interview that she had no idea why they were yelling and screaming at her and the various things they would bring to torment her. Ruby Bridges states ” I turned that corner and saw them and heard them, I thought I had stumbled into the middle of a Mardi Gras parade.” Ruby’s perception of those type of events was probably necessary to help her get through such a divided time in our world. Ruby also gives us a vivid description of another time fear set in. She stated, ” I was afraid because on occasion the crowd would bring a box, and this box was actually a baby’s coffin. And they would put this black doll inside of the coffin.” I can only imagine how she felt after seeing that. Since she was only six years old she probably played with dolls like the one they put in the coffin and once she realized that the doll represented her and they were talking about killing her, how she was able to continue to go to school and learn is unimaginable.