ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: family

Due to the increasing need to provide for her child as well as future projections of another child, Latrice aims at securing employment after the bariatric surgery using her academic qualifications (J. Latrice, personal communication, November 15, 2019). This will enable her to save some money and open up a business where she can employ other individuals to operate the business. This will ensure financial sustainability where she will be able to take care of the special needs of her son. Latrice also gave advice to other parents with a focus on loving their children. (J. Latrice, personal communication, November 15, 2019). Since God gives children to parents, parents need to love their children regardless of any health conditions affecting their children as well as support them in diverse ways. She acknowledged her close relationship with her son to be beneficial as the son regularly helps her in many ways since she is living with a disability. Her son and the unborn baby is her motivation for the efforts that she has implemented to get back on her feet and be stable (J. Latrice, personal communication, November 15, 2019).
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However, it is important for parents to plan for their children to avoid some of the consequences associated with inadequate resources. Parenting is not an easy role. However, parents can learn from other parents as well as collect information from parenting articles to enhance their parenting skills since there is no way out of parenting as long as one has children (Siegel & Hartzell, 2014). Parents play a key role in providing guidance and addressing the needs of their children. Just as we can attribute the success that we have to our parents, we have a responsibility towards our children to ensure that they are successful in their lives. Successful children are also a blessing to their parents in diverse aspects (Garcia & Serra, 2019). Taking care of our children creates a good culture of responsibility where the children also learn the importance of taking care of their children.
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“Be the person in your life who will craft a sway on everyone and will assist the society with uttermost care and helpfulness”—an exact rebound of the words my father once whimpered to me when I was a child. My father, a man of fortitude and resilience, never saw his inability to walk right—down to an incurable disease named limbed-girdle muscular dystrophy—as a responsibility in him. For me, my father’s chronic disease was a life-changing event that ever happened to me.
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However, there did appear an optimistic beam of light into my father’s life, when someone apprised him of the cure which uses stem cells to regenerate the tissue wanted. To all of us in the family, the only goal was to convince my father’s mind into going to the treatment, without considering the cost. Thankfully, we did. The three successive attempts were made by inoculating the stem cells in him, to ameliorate the prevailing situation. Three attempts, yet unsatisfactory outcomes. It yielded me much disappointed and feeble at that time. The dissatisfaction still lingers in my heart, since I was and am incapable of doing any good to m father.
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Planning to move overseas for education was not the only plan I had in my mind. I started exploring on the internet regarding the treatments of the disease. It came to light that the research, in correcting the gene sequences to avoid or curse the disease, is on the horizon at The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio. This further added to my need to learn English. The searching on the internet had raised many questions like – “can the therapy research results, if positive, cure muscular dystrophy on a permanent basis?”, “Would I be able to help my father in curing the disease?”, “Would I be able to cope up with the disappointment I faced?” – began sprinting in my mind; all of which can be answered if I choose a career in the medical field.
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The Muslim Brotherhood, founded in 1928, an Islamic organization that existed through the regimes of Hosni Mubarak and Gamal Abdel Nasser. After the revolution moment in Egypt that overthrow Mubarak’s government, voters were inspired by this organization, the Muslim Brotherhood. Because of the support of the people they had larger number of seats in parliament and had hold of presidency too. But after a year later they were overthrown by the military because of the dissatisfaction with their ruling.
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Qutb had been sentenced to 15 years in prison. He was released early in 1964 but was re-arrested soon afterwards and charged with treason, particularly due to the revolutionary nature of his book Milestones. He was eventually convicted by hanging, and sentenced to death. Qutb was executed on 29 August 1966. After his trial, Milestones became his most celebrated publication. Which is considered as a guidance for people who have been already converting to the radical ideology of Qutb. He gives guidance in Milestones to the radical ‘vanguard’ that is struggling to revive Islam. He points out where the enemy is to be found, and that battling this enemy requires the use of physical force. He also describes the movement’s ultimate goal of being global Islamic conquest.
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A profound critique of the present circumstances as a reversed world order in which man denies the laws of God (jahiliyya); the battle between good (Islam) and evil (jahiliyya) is the guiding force behind human history, the means to battle the as of now winning jahiliyya is the jihad. These three stages of Qutb’s political thought, are a diagnosis of current conditions, the examination of the historical process, and jihad as a way to salvation.
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Another example of an allusion is Louis Armstrong. The narrator references Armstrong’s song “Black and Blue” which can suggest that he’s trying to find his identity and place in this world. The reference to the song can signify his defeat, as if he were beat and left black and blue due to the bruises that have been caused. The narrator struggles to find out who he is and by referencing this song he can convey that at some point he had given up and didn’t want to continue dealing with society and its expectations for a black male. The narrator starts to see his life as a drudgery and wants to move on from this stage although he can’t. After he starts working with Dr. Bledsoe his sense of being “Black and Blue” slowly starts to decay because he doesn’t feel so out of place in society although all he does is drive around a high and mighty white man. Being enrolled in the college makes him more part of society as he is now out in the open and not in the room full of lights where we first find him. It’s as if getting a job made him open his eyes about the way he had lived in the past.
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The narrator is faced with ominous dilemmas throughout the novel which can be considered archetypes. One of these archetypes can be Dr. Bledsoe. Dr. Bledsoe is an arrogant even a malicious man who cares for no one but himself. He wasn’t afraid to admit that his success was the most important thing for him. Bledsoe’s way of success can be seen as the narrator’s grandfather’s view of life which was, “overcome ‘em with yeses”. With the comprehension of his grandfather’s perspective of life the narrator is able to see how corrupt Bledsoe is and his real identity. Even after he gets expelled, the narrator remains sanguine and tries to follow his footsteps. This is where we learn that the narrator can’t really do anything for himself and that he only wants to fit in although he always says the opposite.
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Uncle Tom is a big archetype in this novel and one example is Lucius Brockway. Brockway was the creator of the Liberty Paints slogan which reads, “If it’s optic white, it’s the right white”. This slogan is similar to the one the narrator grew up hearing which says, “If you’re white you’re right”. Both these slogans emphasize that being if you’re white you’re set for life. Having both these slogans concern the color white indicate that the narrator grew up with white supremacy and that he’s still living through it now. Another example of this archetype would be Ras the Exhorter calling the members of the Brotherhood “Uncle Toms”. This can advocate that fighting for equality is not beyond judging others as the members would often get jumped and ridiculed.
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An example of a symbol could include Jesus’s life because since the beginning of the book the narrator believes “he’s the chosen one”. Once he gives his speech at the Battle Royale, the people around him start believing this as well. Not only is he seen as the chosen one but someone in the crowd points out, “He’s a good speech and someday he’ll lead his people in proper paths” (Ellison 32). As the narrator is finding himself he can portray Jesus’s life. Chapter 11 can be depicted as Jesus’s birth because the narrator is starting to get involved in the Brotherhood. Chapter 13 can be depicted as Jesus gaining disciples because as the narrator gets more involved in the Brotherhood the more he puts himself out there and finds a place.
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of British art through their artistic movement. To that end, these painters depicted a vast variety of content: portraits, religious scenes, literary scenes etc. This paper endeavors to explore in great depth the way that Pre-Raphaelite artists represented women in their artwork, and thus uncovers a critical contradiction which permeates Pre-Raphaelite art, the contrast between their innovative ambitions in aesthetics and their frequent confirmation of established gender norms and precepts.
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Although the Pre-Raphaelite artists were successful in depicting aesthetically unique women that deviated from Victorian beauty ideals and in presenting women who were vastly different from the idyllic homemaker of Victorian art, their depictions of women still contained dogmatic elements prescribing ideals of femininity. The main modes of depicting feminine idealism were the archetypes of the virgin, and the fallen woman. Another archetypal representation, the femme-fatale serves as a counterpoint, an area in which the Pre-Raphaelite woman escapes moralizing feminine ideals by transcending into a sensual fantasy of power though beauty.
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The Pre-Raphaelite desire to be faithful to nature stemmed in equal parts from resonance to to the writings of Ruskin and a discordance with the teachings of Sir Joshua Reynolds and the Royal Academy. Ruskin wrote prolifically on the subject of nature, for example writing, “Mark the definite and characteristic leaf, blossom, seed, fracture, color, and inward anatomy of everything. … The laws of nature he knows, are to him [the ideal painter] no restraint. They are his own nature.” This principle was not in fashion in the academic art world at the time, with Sir Joshua Reynolds, a prominent artist and the first president of the Royal Academy, preaching the anthesis of naturalism, idealism. Reynolds felt that artists should idealize, universalize, and generalize the world in reproductions, writing “All the objects which are exhibited to our view by nature, upon close examination will be found to have their blemishes and defects, … [the great artist] corrects nature by herself-her imperfect state by her more perfect.” In addition, Sir Reynolds preached a narrow rhetoric of what art should be as taught by the royal academy, writing:
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Another influence on the Pre-Raphaelite brotherhood was the presence of ‘primitive’ art works in the newly founded National Gallery. One work which was particularly influential was the Arnolfini Portrait by Jan van Eyck. The painting depicts a newlywed couple standing in a fashionable room. The Pre-Raphaelite artists admired the work for its rich colors, subtle symbolism, natural light, and acute attention to detail evident in the beautifully realized surfaces and textures. The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood embraced what they admired in this and similar ‘primitive’ artworks.
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and in pictorial language at the time. The paintings are ‘Guide to Childhood’, ‘Companion to Manhood’ and ‘Comfort in Old Age’. In the first work a young mother leads her child along a wooded path, carefully turning aside a bramble in his path. In the second work, a wife gives solace to her husband who is experiencing intense emotional strife. The last work depicts a daughter lovingly caring for her dying father. Each work shows a woman who is subservient to a male in her life, her son, husband or father. These works are a visual representation of the cult of domesticity which was main cultural script that enforces traditional gender norms.
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The appearance of Victorian women was intertwined with the perception of their characters. Writers at the time described the connection between beauty and morale character, one reviewer in the British Quarterly Review “the most beautiful soul must have the most beautiful body,” unequivocally equating good character with beauty. Believing that “two great essentials to the healthy expression of sentiment generally … are the appearance of cleanliness, and the absence of disease.” This appearance of cleanliness was all encompassing, from clear skin and delicately quaffed hair. Victorians also believed in phrenology, that the shape of the skull was representative of the personality the person. While this was a strange and inexact pseudo-science, it affected the way Victorians read others, including women. Since appearance was deeply related to perception of character at this time, the representation of women in art reflected this. In early Victorian art women were characterized by sweet, delicate looks to represent their good, humble and submissive characters.
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In their quest to depict in intense realism exactly what they saw before them, the Pre-Raphaelites eschewed the typical practice of assembling various features from different faces to create an idealized image. Art critic Ruskin, a critical defender of Pre-Raphaelite art, noted this writing “Every Pre- Raphaelite figure, however, studied in expression, is a true portrait of some living person”. Thus, the Pre-Raphaelites turned to models to provide individual and unique likenesses. These models were drawn from the family and friends of the Pre-Raphaelite artists. They were known colloquially as stunners, and amongst their number were women who would come to embody the Pre-Raphaelite ideal of beauty: the pale, red-headed, Elizabeth Siddal; the blonde full-faced Fanny Cornforth, a former prostitute; the dark thickly-browed Jane Morris.
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In their resolution to copy the forms of Nature, they [Pre-Raphaelite artists] took pleasure in depicting forms called ugly or mean. Thus, instead of giving us figures with those fine conventional heads and regular oval faces and gracefully formed hands and feet which we like to see in albums, they took delight in figures with heads phrenologically clumsy, faces strongly marked and irregular, and very pronounced ankles and knuckles. … Are there no beautiful faces, or fingers, or feet in Nature … that clever young men should paint things like those; or have the poor young men really been so unfortunate in their life-series of feminine visions?
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The idealization of the Virgin begins in Rossetti’s work ‘The Girlhood of Mary’. Of the Girlhood, Rossetti said “That picture of mine was a symbol of female excellence, the Virgin being taken as its highest type. It was not her Childhood but her Girlhood.” Here, Rossetti explicitly states his intention for Mary to represent ideal femininity. This painting depicts Mary being taught to embroider by her mother St. Anne, while in the background her father Joachim manicures vines growing on their home. This image depicts the education of Mary in the duties of the home and communicates the importance of this feminine education. In addition, the work illustrates the gendered division of labor, with the man doing physical labor outdoors with the women seated indoors sewing. The morale behind the work is evident, that women can emulate Mary by participating in domestic crafts, remaining within the home, and responding dutifully to what male figures ask of her. Thus, this painting confirms deeply entrenched Victorian ideals of womanhood. Beneath the artistic veneer of innovation are rigid gender roles that confirm the Victorian status-quo and so a slippage occurs between the progressive aims of the Brotherhood and the deeply entrenched patriarchal views about the place of women in society.
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In the “Ecce Ancilla Domini” Rossetti continues illustrating Mary as the ideal female. This work depicts the annunciation, a famous biblical scene which has been rendered artistically countless times. In the bible, this is the moment where the Archangel Gabriel acted as the messenger of God and tells Mary that she has been chosen by God to carry his son, Jesus Christ. The work is on a long and narrow canvas, creating a condensed composition. The perspective in the work is flattened reminiscent of medieval art. The angel Gabriel faces Mary and his back is to the viewer. He hands her a white lily, a traditional symbol of purity. Mary is seated on her bed and is stricken with a fearful expression. She is fully clothed in a shapeless nightgown and yet she “shrinks back against the wall in maiden modesty, as if trying to evade the violation of the archangel’s lily stem, which points directly at her womb”. Her expression, coupled with her recoiling body position creates a sense of dread which is further underscored by her youthful appearance.
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The stark tone emotional tone of the work is elevated by the sterile whiteness of the figure’s robes and the whiteness of the walls. The white color also symbolizes Mary’s innocence. This limited color palette also heightens the selective emphasis on symbolically important elements of the work. The rich primary colors featured in the work are also symbolic, the red representing Christ’s blood, the blue for her future nobility as the Queen of heaven, and gold for her divine status.
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Rossetti evokes the “hortus conclusus” (enclosed garden) by featuring a window looking out onto trees which. Since Christ is divinely conceived with Mary’s virginity intact, the image of a walled garden came to symbolize the Virgin conception of Christ. The contained garden represents her womb, untouched by sin. This subtle reference to “hortus conclusus” is another way in which Rosetti emphasizes Mary’s purity. Mary’s chastity is the pivotal element of the narrative of divine conception, and it is emphasized by her youthful body and the pervasive symbolic white. Mary is impregnated by the masculine power of God in order to fulfil the sacred duty of procreation and despite her youth and trepidation she responds with duty and grace.
Topic: family

Mary is a woman defined by her virginity. The Victorian interest in the chaste woman makes her a model of behavior. The juvenile appearance of Mary mirrors Victorian conceptions of gender, such as the Victorian notion of woman as the desexualized angel of the house. This house angel was a woman who remained in the home, dutifully and lovingly completed domestic tasks, was physically fragile, and constantly sacrificing herself to others. This painting asks women to remain in this state of perpetual innocence, as Mary did. Rosetti’s desire to reinvent the Annunciation scene in novel way is contradictory to his reinforcement of gender roles. Ultimately, the work confines the woman within the home, asks her to maintain her virginal state, and emphasizes her sexuality only in its capacity to bear children as prescribed within the Christian tradition. As such the work upholds repressive Victorian gender norms.
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The effect Syed Qutb was both positive and negative positive in the fact that he tried to affect the lives of Muslims by supporting social and cultural change and showed a clear dissatisfaction with the status quo and encouraged change and by doing so attempted to guide Muslims in an ever-changing world. He had quite a negative impact in the fact that groups such as al-Qaeda and the Muslim Brotherhood have used his writings to justify military attacks and the way his writings have been interpreted have led to a world that is in a sense enveloped in terror and the use of military attacks is increasing now because of that there is a negative perception of Islam particularly within the Western society. However, the important point is that although terrorist actions have been closely linked with Qutb’s writing, and terrorists use violence against civilians but Qutb actually never promoted violence against people or innocent civilians.
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The third book milestones is probably the most influential and significant. In this book Qutb proposes radical transformation he wrote about how Muslims had reverted to Jahiliyah, so ignorant and lived in a world that lacked Islamic thought and where the primacy of God had been replaced with people in authority. And this contradicted the idea of Allah being the source of everything and the ultimate authority. He believed that this happened because of the West. The key concept is that Allah is the only authority, not men and a truly Islamic community could only be guided by the Quran.
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Milestones are extremely controversial and it actually led to his arrest and was accused of conspiring to assassinate President Nasser. This was most likely due to the fact that the ideas he was promoting were in direct opposition to the government it was because of this book that he was sentenced to death and it is also because of this book that reveals both the positive and negative impact that he had on Islam. It is argued that he wanted to implement Sharia law and it would bring about peace prosperity progress and justice. However this book has also become a classic manifesto of the terrorist wing of Islamic fundamentalism. For example the 9/11 attacks some believe that his ideas may have been used by the terrorists responsible and secondly that his promotion of the destruction of Jahiliyah Muslim governments may have roused terrorist jihad and therefore the attacking of Western countries
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For Qutb, many Islamic countries were considered as Jahili society, and as they were promoting secularism and were not following Islamic principles and Sharia law. So the only solution was Jihad, to these problems. And the purpose is to fight the evil and preserve Islam. And for that one should go through the greater jihad first, to purify himself and then he will be prepared to fight for Allah and establish God’s authority, and through this process, Muslims will ab able to create a new society that is free of Jahiliya.
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Is disciplining children with corporal punishment ethical? This topic has been going on for centuries and remains a widely argued and debated issue. Corporal punishment not only carries the in-built danger of escalation, but it also impacts the child psychologically, infringes their right, and causes irreversible damages to their cognitive development. Children as society’s smallest and vulnerable members deserve more, not less protection from assault, and they should be treated equally with dignity and respect.
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Forms of corporal punishment would include hitting, kicking, spanking, pinching, forcing children to stay in uncomfortable positions, and using of different objects such as belts and sticks. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP, 1998) debated that “spanking will only instantly stop undesired behavior and its effectiveness will diminish with subsequent use”. To preserve the initial impact that corporal punishment has on the child, the intensity with which it was administered must be methodically increased and this may quickly escalate into abuse.
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Corporal punishment has detrimental effects on the intellectual development of the child. Exposing the child to corporal punishment have been linked with changes in the brain structure and the child’s performance at school. According to a study conducted by Rajalakshmi (2018), children who encountered corporal punishment at school were discovered to have lower levels of receptive vocabulary, reduced levels of executive functioning, and poor self-motivation when compared with children from another school where corporal punishment was prohibited. As a result, children are more likely to struggle with handling their emotions, muscle control, memory and learning capacities. According to another study conducted by Neuroimage (2010), it proposed that physical abuse (PA) was associated with structural brain modifications, fractional anisotropy (FA) of the corpus collosum and attenuated grey matter volume (GMV). Grey matter which is essential for proper brain development and functioning was found to be reduced as a result of corporal punishment. And that study concluded of by stating that when children are subjected to harsh corporal punishments, it can lead to deleterious effects on the trajectories of brain development. (Neuroimage, 2010). Corporal punishment leads to serious consequences such as abnormalities in brain development and can affect the child’s performance at school. As such, banish all forms of corporal punishment both in schools and homes and changing the teacher’s and parent’s mindset is crucial.
Topic: family

Corporal punishment can result in lifelong psychological damages that are irreversible. When a child is punished physically, it installs fear rather than getting the intended message across. It sends out the message of aggression and when the children reach adulthood, this will have a significant effect on their psychological health. As a result, children might feel unloved, worthless and also useless. When this happens for an extended period of time, children may grow up believing that physical aggression is accepted in social circumstances. According to Vygotsky (1978), “corporal punishments may legitimize violence for children in interpersonal relationships because they tend to internalise the social relations they experience.” This teaches children that violence is the solution for problems. Bandura (1969) believed that physical punishment allowed children to learn aggressive behavior through modeling. Children may continue this thinking into adulthood, causing them to hit their children to inflict pain and to influence other people’s action. What adults are trying to prevent through physically punishing, they are reinforcing it unintentionally.
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Admittedly some people feel that educators are using corporal punishment to discipline the children as it is an efficient traditional tool that can be administered instantly. In contrast to other forms of punishment, such as suspension from school whereby they miss lessons and their education is at stake, they can still proceed with their learning. Teachers can also avoid wasting time supervising students who have misbehaved. “Spare the rod, spoil the child”. This implies that if children’s personal development will suffer if they are not punished physically when they do wrong. This explains why some feel that corporal punishment is the proper way to discipline and shape the child.
Topic: family

Nonetheless, corporal punishment should not be tolerated as it is an ineffective discipline method, is dangerous, should be avoided at all expense even if it is time-efficient or serves as the best remedy for classroom problems. It robs the child of their right, leads to psychological associated problems, affects the child’s cognitive development and increases the risk of abuse. It leaves the child feeling very degraded. Therefore, corporal punishment is unacceptable. There are many non-violent ways to discipline the child. Some examples would include appropriate techniques of guiding and counseling, restorative justice where by you make the “victim” and “offender” reflect on their behavior and praise the child when they display outstanding behavior, as this will encourage them to repeat that desired behavior again. Lastly, it would be time out, where the child is told to stop whatever they are doing and told to calm down. They are then sent to a corner, still under the supervision of the teacher or the parent, and are told to reflect on their behavior. Why is that with more and more information becoming available of the harm corporal punishment brings to children both in the short and long term, some countries still practice it?
Topic: family

Disciplining children varies in many ways. There are some people that believe physical punishment such as spanking could never be an acceptable way in disciplining children, while there are those who consider spanking as an appropriate way in disciplining a child. So, should spanking a child be an acceptable practice for parents or caregivers to use in disciplining? This matter has been researched, discussed, and had people take different sides on the issue and voiced out their opinions. According to Pingleton (2014), spanking can be an effective way of disciplining children as a way for parents to guide, teach and keep children away from negative behavior and to assist them to be responsible.
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An article done by Maggie Fox for NBC news stated how The American Academy of Pediatrics has updated its views on corporal punishment. Dr. Robert Sege, a doctor who helped write the guidelines stated, “There is no benefit to spanking”. That within minutes after being hit or spanked, usually children will go back from the way they were. Physical punishment does not help children learn from their mistakes nor does it assist them in learning how to control and manage their behaviors. Spanking children as a means to teach them a lesson can also often create aggressive behavior. It makes them a higher risk of growing up with cognitive problems, mental and physical disorders, inability to create proper relationships with others, challenges in life, and substance abuse. Disciplining is a way to guide children properly by teaching them how to control their tantrums and behaviors, to promote
Topic: family

Children shouldn’t be treated with an awful way. Punishing them isn’t the best approach to show a child to be discipline. Guardians are frequently looked at with the test of picking the strategy for restraining their youngsters. Adhering to guidelines as a youngster is significant in getting outcomes and having self-control. A study in the United States of America said that nearly half of U.S. parents have sparked their children as a disciplinary tactic. (Moyer, 2009). It affects the way an adult interacts with others socially, at school, at work, and his/her ability in controlling chaos and managing time. Moreover, the issue we are confronting these days is that should we truly treat our youngsters by punishing them to be discipline or not.
Topic: family

Children are increasingly adaptable and can recoup rapidly, as the beating isn’t intended to bring about changeless harm. As indicated by Professor notwithstanding the reasons referenced above, every so often rebuffing/hitting is the principle possible elective left for the parent to do. Exactly when a child is throwing a tantrum, and declining to tune in, talking with him/her is problematic and hopeless. Hitting them is a brisk answer for let the youth acknowledges they were acting naughtily and keep it from happening again. When there are at any rate two children in the family around a comparable age, limiting them can be a mentioning and dull endeavor, so physical order is the snappiest course to ensure watching family manages everything.
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Numerous individuals these days imagine that treating our youngsters by hitting them is the most ideal approach to be disciplined, yet it isn’t generally valid. Youngsters will be deferential on the off chance that they saw that their folks are treating them positively without hitting them. Youngsters will consistently be in fear and will never control their excruciating conduct on the off chance that they were dealt with severely. Another investigation said that beating is the best as an obstacle to unfortunate conduct for more youthful children.
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That is on the grounds that thinking and removing benefits regularly basically don’t work with kids in that age run. (Pingeton, 2012). Sometimes, beating will affect children to grow in a very bad manner and it can even cause them to be not respecting any other people. We should treat our children a similar way we were treated from our families. This is called social propensity. Punishing youngsters is an exceptionally old way that individuals figured it will lead their kids to experience childhood in the manner they figure they may be. Another significant explanation that can dismiss the explanation that says youngsters ought to be punished to be discipline is that kids are too youthful to even think about remembering it. They are even too youthful to even think about listening and comprehend any explanation.
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Then again, youngsters are progressively adaptable and can recuperate rapidly. This is just if the beating isn’t intended to be lasting harm. As per the educator, starting kids some of the time might be the main route left for the guardians to do. Children sometimes refuse to listen and even communication with them is hopeless and difficult. Sometimes hitting children will teach them how to misbehave and stop it from happening again. Spanking sometimes is used when there are two children on the same age in a family; it would sometimes be difficult for a parent to teach them how to be disciplined.
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Spanking is a mild form of physical punishment, which is commonly used by parents as a form of discipline. Spanking has involved the act of striking the buttocks of the child to cause physical pain, generally with an open hand. Although spanking is a mild form of punishment but still spanking has many negative impacts on children with no positive outcome. According to Gershoff E.T (2013) “Spanking is a form of violence” (p.136). However, Den, A. Trumbell (2010) argues that “spanking is an effective means of controlling the childhood behavior and most practical of all measures tested” (para.
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According to Elizabeth T. Gershoff (2013) “spanking consistently predicted increases in the child’s aggression over time, regardless of how aggressive children were when the spanking occurred” (p.134). According to Gershoff, the researches show that “spanking is linked with the same negative child outcome as abuse, just to a slightly lesser degree” (as cited in Suneson , 2016, para. 6). The New findings in psychological science, shows that “the children who have been spanked by their parents by age 5 show an increase in behavioral problems at age 6 and at age 8 as compare to other children who have never been spanked”(Elizabeth, 2017, para.
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Jared Pingleton (2014) argued that “Spanking is most effective as a deterrent to undesirable behavior for young preschoolers” (para. 4). Although it is true that when a child does some mistake and we spank him, then most likely child does not repeat that mistake again. However this control over the child would be only because of the threat of being spanked again, if he or she is not repeating his mistakes it does not mean that he or she understands that what he did is wrong, once that threat will go then most probably he will repeat his mistakes. According to Gershoff (2013) “Spanking is not an effective technique; in fact it makes the child’s behavior worse not better” (p.133). “Whenever parents spank their child at that time children could not understand that why his behavior was wrong and what he should do instead” (Gershoff , 2013, p.134). Most of the children become stubborn because of frequent spanking, child actually repeating his mistakes and taking spanking granted as well and don’t care about being punished. This method does not affecting the child emotionally anymore. He feels that spanking is at the most that parents will do to him and he can have his own direction and becomes disobedient.
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heavy drinking, street drug abuse and increased odds of suicide attempts” (Tracie et al, 2017, p.24). ). If children spend more time in the state of fear of spanking then consequently it delayed in mental and emotional growth as well as depression and self-destructive behavior. It additionally strips away his feeling of security and, in this manner, the capacity to get love from his parents. According to Marilisa Racco (2017) a study which was done in 2016 and published in the Journal of “Family Psychology” which analyzed “50 years worth of data involving more than 160,000 children shows that spanking is linked to increased mental health issues and cognitive difficulties, aggression and anti-social behavior as well” (para. 3).
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Whenever parents spank their child and the child cry, at the same time child needs some sort of comfort. If he or she does not feel or get that comfort, love, and care from parents then the child becomes anxious or develops a sense of low self-esteem. At the point when children are hit by the specific individuals who should ensure them, it makes a child question, “What’s the matter with me?” Self-esteem is a basic vital and delicate thing which plays an important role to achieve the success in the life of children in future. . Starus .M.A (2001) stated that “Less spanking is associated with faster cognitive development” (p.59).
Topic: family

Selwyn Duke (2010) argued that “The research shows that the children, who were spanked up to the age of 6, were likely as the teenagers to perform better at school and were more likely to carry out volunteer work, more interested to go to college than their peers, who had never been physically disciplined” (paragraph 1). However, early childhood, till the age of 5 years is a very sensitive period of life. If children suffer through these problematic circumstances then these situations consider as toxic stress for the child which can never overcome throughout life(Smidt, 2013). Spanking at ages 1 and 3 is adversely associated with child cognitive skills and behavior problems at ages 3 and 5. The cross-lagged path model by Maguire-Jack. K revealed that “Age 1 spanking is not directly associated with age 5 cognitive skills; however, there is a significant association between age 3 spanking and higher age 5 cognitive skills” (p.1972). Those individuals who were spanked as youngsters were also more likely to engage in criminal behavior later in life. The threat of spanking is a chronic stressor that impairs learning, lowers the self-esteem of a child. When the child has been spanked at that time he has learned only two things: he is both powerless and vulnerable. The children grow up battling off sentiments of self-uncertainty, tension, and passionate disturbance, which can be extremely difficult to reverse.
Topic: family

Parents are role model for children. Children who are spanked usually hit their younger siblings and their own children and life partner in the future. Children usually adapt to violent behavior. Whenever parents spank their children out of anger or frustration, then it does send wrong message to the child. Children always follow their elders. If parents spank, then definitely children follow their path and hit others. Parents’ behavior is an example for children that they can do in the future. Spanking a child seems to say that it is ok to hit the people, even loved ones (life partners and their own children). ). Spanking makes children see that they have right to hit others. Children who were spanked in their childhood are more likely to hit their wives later. According to Joe Pinkstone (2017) “Children who are punished by spanking are more likely to be abusive towards their life partners” (para. 1). Moreover, parents’ use of punishment additionally relies on their own encounters with being hit or hit as a child. Various examinations have discovered that the use of physical punishment gives off an impression of being intergenerational; guardians who were physically punished as a child favor its use, and are bound to spank their own children (Simons and Wurtele, 2010, p.640).
Topic: family

Spanking is not an effective way to train children, in fact, spanking reduces the value of that person who is spanking. . According to Commins, D. (2014) It is also true that sometimes spanking works but it damages the relationship between child and parents (para. 6). It is the only stress and frustration, which causes parents to spank and children to deteriorate. This results in anti-social behavior and has negative effects on the cognitive development of the child. Straus. M. A (2001) in his study mentioned that “If parents use verbal methods to control the behavior of child such as explain the situation to the child rather than spank him or her, this method will in turn enhance the child’s cognitive ability”(p.55). Spanking by elders send message to the child that they can hit others also. If parents stop spanking, then they will not be giving up a sound educational practice but a violent habit that is ineffective, risky, unsafe, shameless, and immoral. Spanking truly harms the parent-child relationship. It encourages the child to fear the parent instead of regarding the parent.
Topic: family

The present paper mainly explores the mother’s intricacy, questions the blessedness of marriage as an institution, and explores the perceptions as mothers. The purpose is to interpret from a feminist perspective and see whether or not the institution of “motherhood” can ultimately give power to women to be noticeable in vital areas of human deeds. Many African authors have been dealt with extensively with the notion of motherhood. Catherine Obianuju Acholunu has coined the term ‘Mothers’ as an alternative to Western feminism.
Topic: family

The author has underlined the protagonist, Nnu Ego’s escalation from a strong tradition-bound character to a feminist. Her efforts for proving the validity through motherhood are saddened at every turn, unfortunately, subverted by a multifarious and complex set of contradictions she finds herself incapable of the bargain. The novel is dedicated to all mothers who open with the first chapter The Mother and end with the last chapter, The Canonized Mother. It offers a scathing analysis of patriarchal, colonial curtailment faced by mothers like Nnu Ego, who’s societal worth based on, first, her ability to bear children and second, her willingness to meet the desire and serviceability in male-oriented Ibo culture.
Topic: family

The traditions played a vital role in the progression of an idea of motherhood. They believed that motherhood would bring the contended and distinguished life Emecheta employs the technique of mother’s introspection in which the protagonist realized that she has not brought fulfillment in the family. Found herself as a doubly colonized mother, Nnu Ego expresses the sufferings as well as sacrifice in her statement just after the arrival of her new twin daughters. Being caught in the web of childbirth and complicated situation, she had one such epiphanic moment. The psychological temperament and grief of a mother expressed in the following statement which presents the Nigerian women’s response to a widespread predicament. In her monologue, she says,
Topic: family

“God, when will you create a woman who will be fulfilled in herself, a full human being, not anybody’s appendage? I was born alone, and I shall die alone. What have I gained from all this? Yes, I have many children, but what do I have to feed them on? In my life. I have to work myself to the bone to look after them. I have to give them my all. And if I am lucky enough to die in peace, I even have to give them my soul. They will worship my dead spirit to provide for them: it will be hailed as a good spirit so long as there are plenty of yams and children in the family, but if anything should go wrong, if a young wife does not conceive or there is a famine, my dead spirit will be blamed. When will I be free?” (p.186)
Topic: family

In the Nigerian writings, this is something new where introspective female characters give voice to their emotions. The classic novel, The Joy of Motherhood, challenges the extraordinary expectations of women in the name of the ideal mother and helps to solidify an African women’s literary tradition. While articulating this idea from the traditionalist point of view of Nnu Ego, Emecheta gave impetus to the fact that women have the collective responsibility to condemn and contribute to the societal order. The novel was given the title borrowed from the closing sentence of Flora Nwapa’s famous novel, Efuru. The closing sentence elevates a paradox about the much consulted childless river goddess Uhamiri: “She has never experienced the joy of motherhood. Why then did women worship her?”1
Topic: family

So let’s talk about the variety of first-time mommies out there amongst us, some are “classic” mothers, vocation arranged “slim minded” mothers, few are completely “messy” mothers, “excessively occupied to-invest electricity with-kids” moms, and so on and so far. Since that first time I transformed into a mother (which becomes an adorable involvement with itself), I have met almost all of the above qualifying categories of mommies and I’m sure there will be much more if we go in more detail.
Topic: family

Next comes Test the first time heard the new word “feminazi”, a term that grew out of the blue to become out for working mothers who clearly deal with their children like pups (because they don’t have any other option left if they even want to consider about themselves)! What’s more, indeed, terms, for example, “breastfeeding nazi”, “breastapo”, or “milk mafia” additionally come enveloped with the alarm melody of mom life.
Topic: family

I’m probably an empty head mom as it’s just the first experience though or a dumbfounded one but I make investments heavily in the way that my child adores me the first-class regardless of each one among my inadequacies. In contrast to others, my little one doesn’t pass judgment on me or dole out a designation to depict each flow of mine. The glad discussions they share with me make me see the spark in my hell boring day at work is enough to power away from all the antagonism and throwing verbal hits that hit my face sometimes.
Topic: family

Beloved, the character, is a symbol for the 60 million and more lost in slavery whose stories and names are forgotten, to whom the novel is dedicated. The novel has left no real clues to help the reader identify if she is a ghost or not, part of it suggesting that she is the ghost of Sethe’s child returned in human form and another hinting that she is a woman who has recently escaped exploitation who happens to just call herself Beloved. And this uncertainty is what makes her a good vessel to embody all those real people who have been forgotten. Morrison takes the tragedy of slavery and gives it shape that the readers can deal with. Near the end of the book, Morrison writes ‘Disremembered and unaccounted for, she cannot be lost because no one is looking for her. And even if they were, how can they call her if they don’t know her name?’(Morrison, 137).
Topic: family

The mother-child relationship is considered to be one of the most important ones among humans and most other animals, but in the context of slavery, as Morrison writes, ‘Unless carefree, motherlove was a killer’(Morrison, 66), and the novel represents that in a literal way. Sethe was raised motherless in a system of slavery that had intentionally disrupted the mother-child relationships. We learn that Sethe, as a baby, was fed by another woman’s milk, which could be linked to the moment later in the novel where she is frightened by the idea of her own milk being stolen by the white men who abuse her. Children were often sold separately from their mothers, marriages were not recognized, and during the time of the Fugitive Slave Act, even in freedom, Sethe’s children were still considered to be claimable property. This develops her anxiety over the question: if your children literally do not belong to you, what does it mean to be a mother? (O’Reilly, 86)