ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: domestic-violence

Among the grounds for divorce are psychological incapacity of either spouse, whether or not the incapacity was present at the time of the marriage or later; violation of the Violence Against Women and their Children Act; rape by the respondent-spouse against the petitioner-spouse before marriage; and irreconcilable differences or irreparable breakdown of marriage despite earnest efforts to reconcile. The bill states that a spouse found by the court to have used force, fraud, or intimidation to compel the other spouse to file the petition for absolute divorce shall be punished with imprisonment of five years and a fine of P200,000” added by BM, GMA News.
Topic: domestic-violence

The PEACE Domestic Violence Agency has a mission to educate and bring awareness to victims of domestic violence. PEACE is committed to reducing the incidence of sexual assault and domestic violence through education and strives to challenge societal norms and beliefs that condone and perpetuate violence in the community. The needs and expectations of stakeholders such as funding institutions, the targeted population, the program administrator and staff influence program plans in many ways. An administrator and staff of a program influence a program plan because they are the determining factor of whether a program will pass or be denied.
Topic: domestic-violence

The characteristics of the targeted population are important. The program will address issues that are pertinent to the group of people they are serving. Knowledge of who the targeted population is helps to determine who is eligible for services. It is also important to know how the people being serviced feel about the program. Customer satisfaction will determine if the program is working but because PEACE Domestic Violence Agency is for families at risk sometimes helping the client with the right services is more important than a client being satisfied.
Topic: domestic-violence

The targeted population definitely influences a program on what needs should be 3 ddressed to help the people. Having focus groups and completing surveys can determine customer satisfaction if needed. The program administrator and staff influence a program plan by contributing to the structure of the program. They influence a program plan in many ways. They are the ones who formulate the program plan and run the program itself. If the agency cannot afford an outsider to evaluate the program, the administrator will appoint a staff member to do an evaluation. The administrator makes sure the staff is doing their job and the staff influences the programs and services that are provided.
Topic: domestic-violence

They influence the process of the program and the outcome of the program. The administrator and staff’s influence on a program is critical in a program plan. They determine whether a program stays up and running or needs to be shut down. The funding institution will evaluate PEACE Domestic Violence Agency to determine if they are eligible to receive grant funding. They are responsible for making sure PEACE Domestic Violence Agency is helping the metropolitan city of Portland to decrease the increasing reports of domestic and youth violence. The National Founder funding program has two grant programs that fund nonprofits.
Topic: domestic-violence

This stakeholder has the most influence on whether the program passes or is denied funding so the evaluation given by this funding institution will be critical and extreme. Funding institutions want programs to continue to evaluate their services. They want to improve the programs they support. The administrator and staff of the PEACE Domestic Agency are asking for grant funding. They run the program and put all of the services provided in place. Program staff conduct the planning for the program, write the proposal, and also reapply for continued funding. They 4 arefully write out a plan and they determine how the plan will be evaluated. Program staff have to give documentation to the program officers. In order to provide sufficient documentation program-staff should keep track of services conducted at the beginning of the program year and all throughout the program. The targeted population is a stakeholder for the program. Depending on how they benefit will tell how well the program is helping solve domestic violence. If those who are served needs are being met and violence is not reduced and families quality of living is not improving this will show change should take place in the program.
Topic: domestic-violence

The entire program will be based around the targeted population. How the targeted population feels about the program will determine if the program is beneficial to those in need. The stakeholders that influence the program are trying to create a program in the city of Portland that reduces incidence of sexual assault and domestic violence through education. Family Violence Prevention and services discretionary grants expects for a program to be nonprofit without 501©(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education (HHS, 2011). They also want the program to focus mainly on domestic violence.
Topic: domestic-violence

This funding institution will influence the program because without funding the program cannot exist. This program needs this institution funding to afford to pay for service that the program provides to helping domestic violence victims. All of the stakeholders involved in helping PEACE Domestic Violence Agency become a successful program are trying to create a program that reduces the tragic increasing rate of domestic violence in the city of Portland. A vast majority of families in the city of Portland are 5 experiencing domestic and youth violence, spousal and child abuse, assault, and incidents of road rage over the last five years.
Topic: domestic-violence

These stakeholders will ensure the well-being of young men, women, and children whose lives have been affected by domestic violence are promoted through increased services provision, education, and awareness. Stakeholders play a critical part of how a business is run. Stakeholders have a true interest in helping an organization to prosper. When it comes to accountability it does not just come down to being accountable to themselves. Accountability lies with the customer, suppliers, government, community and employee stakeholders )BusinessKnowledgeSource. com, 2003-2010).
Topic: domestic-violence

When stakeholders evaluate programs and have expectations of the services provided this leads to improving the quality of services to the community, program, and society in general. The stakeholders of PEACE all want the same thing and that is to make sure PEACE educates on domestic violence, help families with members in prison through provision of services responsive to their needs. The stakeholders also want to make sure PEACE provide young people who have been involved in the criminal system with a rehabilitation program created to give skills, confidence, and support needed to live successful lives.
Topic: domestic-violence

A quote that the book gives is “Kirsty Beal sits on the edge of the bed, leaning over Mrs Beal. ‘It’s all right, Mum, he’s gone now ‘. This quote was on page eighteen and it was about how everyone is a victim and it is how they all try to make each other feel better by saying words like “its all right Mum, he’s gone now. In the book “Kill the Possum” by James Moloney makes you think about the consequences of your actions before you act.
Topic: domestic-violence

I’ve had enough of you and the whole family, the way you persecute me, make me come here so you can spit in my face. I’m fed up with all the games. Get from him. Adolescent female screams. Sound of fire-arm discharging. Can you see how the actions of Ian Cartwright bullying the Beals had a big consequence of him dying. In novel “Kill the Possum” by James Moloney, the main topic that the book try’s to make you think about is to be more aware of the consequences of your actions and the novel talks about domestic violence. An example is when Dylan and Tim went to Ian’s house to steal the rifle to kill Ian for what he has been doing, but if Dylan didn’t persuade Tim to kill the possum they wouldn’t even have to steal the rifle.
Topic: domestic-violence

The evidence of the text is on page 150, “He turns quickly and instead of the little marsupial, it’s the images from inside his head inhabiting the orange bag. It’s not a length of pipe in his hands, its revenge, its punishment. It’s perfect. The possum dies with the first blow. Dylan hits it twice more, huge swings from well back behind his head, to be sure its over and the poor thing doesn’t suffer.
Topic: domestic-violence

Can you see if Dylan didn’t persuade Tim to come with him to kill the possum they wouldn’t have the guts to steal the rifle and kill The essay I am doing is on the novel “Kill the Possum” by James Moloney, the novel was about the lives of the Beals family’s life and mainly three young people who are experiencing domestic violence . The main topic sentence in the novel was to make you think about the consequences of your actions before you act. Therefore the novel talks about the lives of mainly three young teens and how there lives are with domestic violence and about the consequences of your actions.
Topic: domestic-violence

Advertising is a way of conveying information to a wide range of people. Companies use adverts to sell their products. Campaign adverts use persuasive language to encourage people to support their campaign, or to change their behaviour. cAdvertising is everywhere, on T. V, in newspapers and magazines, on the Internet and in the cinema, you can’t even walk down the street without seeing and advert for something. Companies use adverts to sell new products, increase brand awareness, and attract custom.
Topic: domestic-violence

As advertising is so successful it is used increasingly more. We pay for the adverts whenever we buy the product. Advertising works by capturing the attention of the target audience with eye-catching images and catchy slogans. Some examples are Nike-“just do it” and Tesco- “every little helps. ” Advertising also plays on people’s feelings of guilt, need, and insecurity by producing ideal worlds, making people feel that if they buy the product their lives will be better.
Topic: domestic-violence

Their mission is similar my campaign which is to advocate for abused women and children and to ensure their safety by working locally and nationally to: offer support and a place of safety to abused women and children by providing refuges and other services, empower women affected by domestic violence to determine their own lives, recognize and meet the needs of children affected by domestic violence, promote policies and practices to prevent domestic violence and also raise awareness of the extent and impact of domestic violence in society.
Topic: domestic-violence

One of Women’s Aid campaigns is sponsored by The Body Shop; they are helping to Stop Violence in the Home with the sale of a new Mint Lip Care Stick. A small thing can make a big difference! Not only will the new Mint Lip Care Stick from The Body Shop care for your lips, it will also help raise much-needed funds to support women and children experiencing domestic violence. The new Mint Lip Care Stick is being launched on 21 April as part of The Body Shop ‘Stop Violence in The Home’ campaign for 2005. i??1. 50 from each Mint Lip Care Stick (RRP i??3. 50) sold will be donated to Women’s Aid.
Topic: domestic-violence

In the UK, 1 in 4 women can expect to experience domestic violence at some stage in their life and The Body Shop campaign aims to help those women who are at risk, as well as build awareness of the issue. Women’s Aid use a mix of formal and informal language as a delicate balance, It is used to make the charity look to have authority but more importantly, the informality is a device used not to intimidate the audience and make them come across warm and friendly. The charity also emphasizes on the use of emotive pictures and language to win across their target audience. br seebebw oreb ebk ineb foeb eb. The aim of my campaign was to increase the public awareness of abuse and how people can assist the abused in a subtle way without causing them to lose their dignity. It will hopefully be a very strong and reasonably hard-hitting campaign, and will get people who see it to think about the issues it raises. In this campaign used two different
Topic: domestic-violence

For instance, the reason I chose a poster in particular to be out in a magazine is because I feel that tabloids are generally used to flick through and commonly read by people who are not greatly interested in news etc, whereas the stereotypical magazine reader is someone who enjoys reading and thoroughly goes through their magzine. Also my billboard idea is one, which specifically interests me because I think it would be excellent to achieve as the range of audience reached would be massive, because people driving and passing by would all see it even if it was for a few short seconds. please do not redistribute this project. We work very hard to create this website Using my own knowledge as well as the research obtained from the Women’s Aid campaign, I was able to come up with my own advertisements. The three advertisements are coherent with each other the first billboard reads “No one should endure pain”, the second billboard reads “It doesn’t have to be like this… ” and the third which is a poster reads “There is a place”.
Topic: domestic-violence

The use of black background represents seriousness whilst the white writing represents the chastity of the victims of abuse, and the image within a circle can as denotate a world of confinement as well as immediately being recognized by the audience as my campaign advertisements. The first billboard with the title “No one should endure Pain! ” portrays a close up image of a distraught young woman with her hand on her head; she is also wearing black connoting sadness. Around the image are short sentences of a story which is being told of how abuse takes place, first sentence “honeymoon period” connoting the blithe that once existed.
Topic: domestic-violence

Then the second sentence “tension building” indicating that things are building up to the major event and the third sentence “serious battering incident” connotates the abuse which has taken place. The facial expression of the young women is of someone in contemplation, which shows that she might be possibly blaming herself for the abuse. The image was taken in a house on the stair well, showing the audience that violence can affect the lives of millions of women worldwide, in all socio-economic and educational classes.
Topic: domestic-violence

Unlike abusive men, who often have specific characteristics, abused women do not fall into particular personality categories before the abuse begins. Being in an abusive situation, however, tends to trigger similar response patterns in the victims of abuse. Some women leave. But the climate of shame, uncertainty and fear “a war zone” make an abused woman less likely to take assertive action to value and protect herself, particularly if the woman comes from a family or cultural background that supports the idea of men being dominant.
Topic: domestic-violence

The second billboard with the title “It doesn’t have to be like this… ” shows a mid shot image of a child with a hand over his head leaning towards the stair case, with another hand above him about to hit him. There is a speech bubble next to the child saying “mummy my head hurts again”, this depicts the child’s thoughts, because an abused child would be too afraid to say this out aloud. The child is wearing a white t-shirt representing innocence and purity, also an indication that abused children are not so nai??ve to their surroundings after it takes place a few times.
Topic: domestic-violence

The little boy’s facial expressions show a child in fear, which contradicts the idea that a child deserves safety. The denotation of this image depicts a child that is definitely being affected by the violence happening around him. The large image on the page attracts attention and is more emotional than words. The image of the child makes the reader feel guilty. Also the background of the child in the picture shows how uncomfortable it is to live in that sort of environment, and again is addressing the reader with guilt.
Topic: domestic-violence

Perhaps the child got “caught in the crossfire” and became a victim of violence themselves, either being accidentally pushed or hit during a violent outburst, or one of his parents may inflict intentional damage upon him as represented by the speech bubble. This young child lives in fear, waiting for the next violent episode. He feels no security in his own home, but is too young to seek out other alternatives. Even if children are not victims of assault themselves, children are seriously traumatized by living in a violent home. Both boys and girls who witness violence quickly learn that violence is an appropriate way to resolve conflict.
Topic: domestic-violence

They may get into fights at school or in the neighborhood. As they get older, these children are less and less understanding of their mother. Some may begin to verbally or physically abuse her as they have seen their fathers do. Girls in particular may learn that being a victim is inevitable and see no way out of the pattern. As adolescents, girls may begin dating and become involved in relationships which grow to be abusive. They accept threats, controlling behavior and violence from their boyfriends. Children may live in shame of the hidden violence and be embarrassed by the family secret.
Topic: domestic-violence

Their self-confidence and self-esteem are slowly taken away, along with their confidence in the future. The last is a poster with the title “There is a place… ” showing a close up shot of a woman and her baby, the mother is lovingly embracing her baby. On the side of the image is “we all deserve safety, comfort and love” paraphrasing what we all need apart from the basic necessities of life. The women is dressed in black representing gloomy mood, whilst the child in pink representing the perfection of this baby being nai??ve to the world around it.
Topic: domestic-violence

The facial expression of the young woman is of alleviation, showing that she has a safe place for her and her child. The image is in some for a metaphor for the title, because it goes well together. The image connotates that the emotional consequences of violence can be extensive, this woman whether abused as an adult or a child, feels in some way responsible for what has happened to her. Perhaps this woman feels she is to blame, and is left believing she could have done something to avoid it. Perpetrators of violence sometimes use these feelings of self-blame, and even reinforce them, as a way of ensuring that their victims do not speak out.
Topic: domestic-violence

At the bottom of each billboard and poster, are the details written in white displaying the name of my charity “Young Women & Children’s Refuge”, and the contact details including telephone number and website. The framing of all my images was kept simple, with thin white frame to represent that despite violence and abuse there is some form of hope for victims, it can be seen as a white “flag” of peace and serenity. The last poster contained reassuring words, stating that women and shouldn’t suffer alone as the society is there to help.
Topic: domestic-violence

It also attributes what it offers to abused victims and asks for a donation from the reader. This one contained more information due the fact that it was a poster that was being placed in magazine so the reader would in avertedly, take a few seconds to acknowledge it. Also the sentences at the top of each billboard and poster, is effective in playing on the reader’s emotions, so they feel some form of guilt about their lifestyle. I personally did like the outcome of the adverts, since I am I did experience some difficult decisions about color schemes, the way the pictures should be positioned and so forth.
Topic: domestic-violence

Although I feel that the overall advertisements was a success, but there could have been room for lots of improvements. The female audience might feel sympathy for these women because of the issues addressed in the poster, because of the maternal instict. The advertisement also appealed to males as well, because it was showing the damage that thery could be inflickting upon or children. But because of the plainness of the images, it wouldn`t appeal to some men due to the fact that it is not a sexy model parading in a swimsuit. That`s why I think it had a bigger impression with female audience than the male audiences.
Topic: domestic-violence

As you are aware, domestic violence is a major issue worldwide. Nevertheless, within the issue of domestic violence, many people often fail to acknowledge that men are victims too. In fact, at least one in three domestic violence victims are male, with experts believing it is much higher. Good morning organisers of White Ribbon Australia, I am Tianna Cox, a representative from the one-in-three campaign. I am here at your board meeting to inform you that the political, financial and life inequalities and injustices that men experience when they are discriminated against during domestic violence situations, have social and emotional impacts.
Topic: domestic-violence

Political injustice is experienced by men when contacting emergency services. Often when men have called for help, they have been asked what they had done to provoke the woman to act the way she did. This would leave men to feel as though they are the ones in the wrong and dismiss the idea that they could be the victim. Quite a few men including admit they didn’t report the violence as they were afraid of what would happen to their children and what other people would also think of them. Many men have also said when they had previously reported the abuse, they were removed from the premises as though they were the ones in the wrong. When women have been in the same positions, the emergency services acted immediately and urged the women to have domestic violence orders placed on their partners. Thus, showing clear examples of the political injustices and inequalities that men experience when emergency services don’t take their claims seriously in domestic violence situations.
Topic: domestic-violence

Organisations like your own have significant impacts on men emotionally and socially when they are experiencing domestic violence by failing to make them feel validated, supported and welcomed. Leaving them to feel as though they could not be victims. How could you possibly expect a man to reach out and receive support when you don’t give them the same opportunities and resources that are given to women in the same positions? Men don’t have as much access to support organisations as women do, including access to domestic violence shelters and helplines. When people have sought support through helplines, they have access to many sites including dvconnect’. This site has helplines for both women and men. The ‘womensline’ is active for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, while the ‘mensline’ is inactive between midnight and 9 am each day.
Topic: domestic-violence

Generally, those hours of the day are when people are more likely to seek help, being that their abusers are generally sleeping. Many domestic violence shelters are only for women. Without having access to domestic violence shelters, men are left helpless and forced into dealing with the abuse that has been subject to them. Brandon Gaille, a blogger, has said that he has even noticed women who have had to flee from unsafe domestic situations with their children be denied access to the domestic violence shelters simply because they have boys over 13 years of age. This would have severe impacts on men and boys emotionally. This shows the injustice and inequalities that men experience even as children, during domestic violence situations.
Topic: domestic-violence

I am concluding that it is important to recognise that men are being discriminated against causing injustice issues and impacting them socially and emotionally. This was proved through the political injustice that is experienced when emergency services don’t take reports seriously as well as the life injustices that are presented when organisations discriminate against them, through the lack of resources and support. In order to overcome the injustices that men experience, procedural justice ought to be sought. This can be done if you include men more frequently throughout your campaign and influence other campaigns to do the same.
Topic: domestic-violence

The government has many programs for victims reach out for help. But the problem is there aren’t enough people willing to listen without being judgmental. These programs will provide the victim with the minimal of care because it’s their job. They no longer do their jobs. For example, social workers. Most social workers are so overloaded they don’t even go through to investigate most abuse cases because they begin to think that every case is the same. They don’t pay attention to detail or want to do anything because the job itself is so overwhelming.
Topic: domestic-violence

The government needs more adequate and efficient ways of helping to prevent these things from happening. They should offer open therapy sessions are recreations centers for those who don’t have the best insurance or insurance at to attend. The government should do weekly neighborhood visits to just check on the well-being of the community. We hear about all the bad and tragic outcomes of abuse, what about having workshops or events where people tell their story. It just may save the next persons life. It’s not enough to provide what people want to hear. People need to hear about the number of unreported deaths due to physical abuse as well as those that have survived. I myself am a survivor of abuse. So, I know that my story will possibly help that woman who was raped. People of all ages have a story to tell. The government needs to do more for them. Their mental, emotional, and physical life depend on it.
Topic: domestic-violence

Acknowledging that cultural rules are obeyed only when they serve and fulfil their purposes, I propose and urge the society to rethink about the authenticity and originality of the bride price. Further, I instill that the reconsideration of the practice should result in a unanimous agreement of a definite amount of wealth, affordable by almost every groom, to be bestowed on bride’s family. Finally, if the practicality and applicability of this solution is impossible, then the cultural practice in question should definitively be abolished.
Topic: domestic-violence

Although marriage is a universal institution, they are multiple ways of engaging people into it (qtd. in Nkosi 4). In Africa, because of the multiplicity of ethnics, cultures and traditional beliefs, the institution of marriage has got different terminologies: roora, lobola, ilobolo, and lobolo. Since in Mozambique the most common and most used terms are lobolo and bride price, I variably make use of them throughout this essay.
Topic: domestic-violence

In this essay I take into consideration the term lobolo to refer to the customary token bestowed by the groom on his bride’s family. Similarly, the term bride price denotes the reciprocity between two families; that is, one family gives a daughter and the other gives an aggregate of wealth. In accordance with Bourdillon, I understand the term culture as the enclosure of every aspect that one society calls to mind its dwellers. These aspects, include languages, behaviour, art, music, dancing, knowledge, ways of operating and thinking, values, beliefs, technology, and leisure (7). Moreover, culture is the identity of a paralleled group of people. I also make use of the term marriage to elucidate the act of recognizing and legalizing the marital sexual relationship between a lady and a gentleman. In addition, marriage is a continuous process of knowing and letting the counterpart be what he or she really is. This is a profound sacrifice and commitment to one another in the marriage.
Topic: domestic-violence

A lot of study has been done and many scholars have written on this contentious discourse of lobolo. Western scholars, unsympathetically castigate the practice of bride price postulating that the process of monetary transaction is corresponding to the act of buying an object (qtd. in Nkosi 7). As a result, women are taken as though they were slaves or men’s property. A set of African scholars, in response to the western perspective assume that it is of the remarkable importance not to look at lobolo superficially, but as a practice “a deeper cultural meaning” (qtd. in Nkosi 7). Additionally, Mbiti elucidates that the custom of bride price is not a form of buying a woman, but it is a token of gratitude on the part of the bridegroom’s people to those of the bride for their care over her and for allowing her to become his wife” (qtd. in Ng’ang’a 2). The focus, therefore, is not on the transference of the wealth, but one something more than that.
Topic: domestic-violence

Complementarily, lobolo can never be abolished. Considering the positivity of lobolo, a group of women, blissfully and categorically, announce that, “lobolo is here to stay” (Shope 65). It is the culture and the tradition that they inherited from their forefathers. Hence, they have to carry it on. Further, consolidating the previous idea, women categorize that the practice has a precious connotation, for it holds them in high regard and the entire clan of theirs. “If a large sum of money is paid for you, it really shows that you are loved and merit” (Chabata 13). Finally, another set of scholars infers that the practice of lobolo is no longer relevant, for it has lost its original sense which I will discuss in the following paragraphs (Nkosi 64, Chabata 13 and Matope et al 192). People have made it to digress with its authentic path.
Topic: domestic-violence

The practice of lobolo was instituted to originally, culturally, and religiously legalize the marriage and marital sexual relationship. Indeed, the following processes of the payments of lobolo legalize the marriage: first payment consist in presenting a hoe or a goat to the bride’s family with the purpose of transferring the women’s rights over sexual regards to the husband (Nkosi 26). The second consist in presenting the cattle to the bride’s family. This has a spiritual connection with ancestors who acknowledge the marriage and, therefore, they have a positive influence on the children that the woman will give forth (Bourdillon 57). These payments are fulfilled along the years as children are born. Failure to these payments, the marriage is considered a casual sexual relationship or prostitution. Further, these two processes also play a role of bringing the two families together and to get to know each other.
Topic: domestic-violence

Culturally, bride price is one of the ways of portraying the appreciativeness to bride’s family, for patiently bringing her up. The mother carries the fetus into her belly for nine months. So, the groom has to appreciate and thank the family (Nkosi 64). The task of raising up someone is a heavy duty. Therefore, an educated and conscious groom has to depict some thankfulness to the bride’s family, for everything. By giving the cattle or goats or even some money to the bride’s family, the groom depicts his capability and warrant the bride’s family that he is competent of caring for their daughter. In fact, through the transference of those items, the groom assures the bride’s family and the preoccupation is less (Ng’ang’a 2). They believe that their daughter is in safe hands.
Topic: domestic-violence

As far as the culture is concerned, lobolo fortifies and brings down the index of divorces in the society. Indeed, once a couple is culturally engaged into marriage divorce is virtually unthinkable (qtd. in Ng’ang’a 6, Nkosi 77). Divorce, can only happen if the husband does not sexually satisfy the wife or if he inconspicuously has some extra marital affairs, and consequently, neglects his wife (Bourdillon 66). Furthermore, the couple can only break up if the wife shows an inability to cook, to do the laundry, and to care for the household. Lobolo is to compensate the loss of a productive daughter. As a matter of fact, the wife dedicates herself working in the field and look after the household; she also works for her husband and his family (Bourdillon 37). This follows that what she got from her parents will be beneficial for other people. Therefore, something must be given to her family. Now woman’s productivity is made of education, clothing, feeding, and so on. These are the reasons why Mozambican society keeps the practice of paying bride price to bride’s family.
Topic: domestic-violence

Yet, even though currently the practice of lobolo seems to be of such an extraordinary importance in some societies, particularly in Mozambique, I think that there is need to redefine it. The society has to come together and either determine a definite amount of wealth that the groom can afford, rather than asking for the groom the amount that is above is capacity or to completely abolish it. This is because of the following reasons: first, the culture is worthy being observed only when it fulfils its purposes; however, bride price has, currently, lost its genuine merit and implication in the society due to the thoroughgoing changes that it is undergoing.
Topic: domestic-violence

Consequently, it no longer fulfils most of its purposes. Secondly, lobolo has been a commerce since its very beginning. Finally, the practice of lobolo brings about some awkward effects on the society such as domestic violence and marital sexual abuses; it encourages premature marriages that compromise the education and the future of most girls; it promotes gender inequality in the family and disempowerment of women; and it is also inhumanity in the society. I believe that setting a definite amount of wealth to endow in bride’s family or just to abolish the savage custom and ignoble culture of lobolo, should be some of the ways to undertake to sort out the upheavals mentioned above.
Topic: domestic-violence

Owing to the radical modifications that bride price presently passes through, I think that the practice has to be revised. Most of these drastic changes are on account of the economic crisis. The cattle that the groom gave to the bride’s family have been substituted by a substantial amount of cash. Furthermore, the cattle and or the money enabled bride’s brother to pay their lobolo. Currently, bride’s father uses the money as he pleases (Bourdillon 37). Reached at this level, astonishingly, one would put a question: what spiritual symbolism does the money have in connection with ancestors? And since it is a culture that must be carried on and transmitted from age to the other, why does the bride’s father have to use the money for his own purposes, rather than on the original purpose? These radical changes depict the practicality and flexibility of the culture in walking rhythmically with time; when the environment and the circumstances change, the culture also suffers some modifications and it adapts itself so as to fit in.
Topic: domestic-violence

Lobolo no longer compensates and exhibits sign of thankfulness to the bride’s family. Bourdillon affirms that lobolo is to compensate bride’s family for the loss of a productive daughter, the girls were well behaved, and virgin (37). The circumstances of our present day are wholly different from those of the past. In the long distant past, the society demanded women to observe such practices. Currently, although parents try by all means to instill morality in their children, the influences from outside distort them. How difficult it is now to come across a virgin! Moreover, status of women and the roles that they now play in the society have tremendously changed. Their primary task is no longer in the fields. Most women are just as empowered as men. Finally, I strappingly believe that to educate and invest in children both academically and morally is the primary errand of parents. Therefore, the purpose of lobolo of compensating and thanking the bride’s family has no a sound and reasonable justification.
Topic: domestic-violence

The practice of lobolo has failed to fulfil its purposes in terms of safeguarding the family and of decreasing the index of divorces in the society. Once again, the environment played a vital role in this matters to the extent that divorce was approximately nonexistent. Currently, Mozambican societies witness more cases of divorce than ever. For instance, only at Mozambican High Court of Maputo 42 cases of divorce could be registered in a week last year. These were only the reported ones. There is a possibility that the unreported ones were even twice than this. These divorces are brought about by misunderstanding of the essence of marriage and immaturity of the spouses. They also come about due to the difference of religion, sometimes because of selfishness and dichotomy in relationships or extra marital affairs. Sometimes, they come about because of bad influences and various teachings. Some other times, divorces are due to inability of the men to provide the basic needs for the family due to economic crisis. Besides, forced marriage contribute a lot to this problem. Finally, I also think that domestic violence, intolerance, and lack of deeply knowing each other also linger in contemporary society.
Topic: domestic-violence

Bride price has become the source of commotion and tension between two families. In fact, according to the Mozambican culture, marriage is essentially a peaceful contract between two families” (Bourdillon 52). Presently, admirably, instead of bringing two families together, the practice causes quarrels, pandemonium, and tension between two families. Materialism, mistrust, and the slight modifications ere the main justifications of these problems. The groom, differently from the past, is insisted to endow all the money into bride’s family before the marriage takes place (Bourdillon 38). If the young man demurs a bit in paying the expected token, the father in law-to-be can demand for it or else he can cancel the process of marriage. On the other hand, the delay also depicts the inability of groom regarding in taking care of the bride.
Topic: domestic-violence

Bride price promotes premature marriages compromising the education and the future of young girls. In the past when there was a bad harvest, a family without enough to live on could relieve the situation by giving a small girl away into marriage and use the bride price to get some food (Bourdillon 61). Unfortunately, this awful habit still lingers in our days. Despite of the legal prohibitions of child marriages, Mozambique still witnesses a lot of them. Nearly one in two girls throughout that country are married off before their 18th birthday. Generally, these young girls are married to people who are much older than them. Premature marriages do not only compromise girls’ education and their future, but also causes some other negative effects such as contraction of HIV/AIDS and other diseases. Furthermore, since the body of the girl is not yet prepared to give forth children, there is a high possibility of mortality. Therefore, premature marriages affect the entire world, for these young girls are the sap of the world.
Topic: domestic-violence

The practice of lobolo has been a commerce since its very begging. In the long distant past, bride price was paid through a hoe which was expensive by then, hence barely to get. Then it was turned into cattle which was the basis economic order at that time and was an evident sigh of wealth. Now the payments are primarily made in substantial amounts of cash. The average of money for lobolo varies from family to family. Some families beholding the family of the groom exaggerate to the extent of asking for a Merced Benz. Others ask for at least $9000. Considering this amount of money, I think that the practice of lobolo can exclude some people from marrying the people they love. Some put forward that if the girl has money, can stealthy help her lover to pay lobolo for her (Bourdillon 63).
Topic: domestic-violence

But even this does not make sense at all. It is equivalent to take her without any payments. On top of that amount of money the groom has to fund for the wedding feast and get appropriate cloths for his bride. The young people in Mozambique are currently passing through a lot of upheavals such as political instability, unemployment, and poverty. The economy of the country has not been stable for the past ten years and there is no hope that it will stabilize in near future. Because of this, many people seldom get $2 per day. The question now is this to the society: where does it expect such individuals to provide very high amount of money for lobolo with this kind of economy? It is quite paradoxical for the young men. Because of the inability of marrying whom they love, they end up engaging with someone they do not, because money is what counts and not love as such.
Topic: domestic-violence

Furthermore, bride price is, to some extent, is the source of domestic violence and marital sexual abuses. The payments of lobolo contribute a lot in this regards. Once a set of women lamented saying, “The payment of lobolo seals the deal. It appears as if the woman has to surrender her sexual rights as well as reproductive rights because the men would have paid lobolo” (Matope et al 198). Once the husband completes paying bride price, he understands that he has the right of claiming sexual relationship in the family whenever he feels like and the wife has no saying in this regard. If she argues to be unwilling and or unwell, then things like “punching, hitting, slapping and throwing things at her, among many other disgusting things” (Matope et al 198) are detected in the family. All of these aspects are completely against human rights. Most of these cases, surreptitiously, pass past us, for they are unreported. This is because of the fear that wives have wanting to preserve their marriages. The fear is, if she reports, divorce may take place. In this case, the husband has the right to claim the bride price he paid to the wife’s family.
Topic: domestic-violence

In conclusion, this paper first explored the ongoing discussion on cultural practice of lobolo in Mozambique. The discourse fell into two groups: the first discourse is that taking into consideration the importance of bride price, convincingly upholds that it ought to be carried on, the second discourse insists on the loss of the authenticity and originality of the practice, thus becoming irrelevant in contemporary Mozambique. Then it found out that lobolo has now become a source of a lot of awful things in the society such as domestic violence, divorce, marital sexual abuse and premature marriages that bring about a lot of damage on young girls. Above all, due to the changes that the practice is currently passing through, it suggests that the practice has lost its sense. Therefore, the paper suggested that the society should rethink about the relevance of bride price in our time. Further, if possible, the society should unanimously agree on one amount of wealth, affordable by almost every groom, to be bestowed on bride’s family. Of course, those who feel like giving more, they may do so. If this proposal still cannot work, then the practice should be dismissed form the society.
Topic: domestic-violence

“There’s really no such thing as internal culture anymore. Your culture is always public, and it’s your most powerful, public-facing asset or liability”, ( Mattan, D).The human response of organisations like the NYPD to build up a blue wall of silence, to turn inwards resisting change is indicative of how organizational failure in part occurs due to an culture where negative habits and norms amongst workers are not challenged. This essay will discuss and analyse how organizational failure occurs using the texts of Patrick O’Hara and Dan Ariely.
Topic: domestic-violence

Organizational failure has costly consequences for the organization and the individuals caught up in the shortcomings. In his book, “Why Law Enforcement Organizations Fail” Patrick O’Hara using the case studies of Michael Dowd, David Brame and NYPD ticket fixing educates the reader about how organizational failures in those instances occurred. He specifically addresses the role culture can play in organizations, how a weak and toxic one can lead it down the path of inevitable failure if it is not willing to identify its shortcomings and take necessary steps of correcting it before the wheels come off the runaway train.
Topic: domestic-violence

Both the psychologist and the interviewer- investigator who interviewed him prior to his entry to the force raised red flags about his suitability with issues raised by the psychologist including his ” tendency to exaggerate to the point of deception”, as well as ” his difficulty in evaluating situations and acting appropriately” ( O’ Hara , 2012, p.115). Skills which were surely inherent basic ones for a police officer who is expected to deal with volatile and dangerous situations as part of his basic duties. He had also been the subject of a rape allegation fifteen years prior to his application to join the Washington Police Department which although purged was considered by the investigators as “credible” (O’ Hara, 2012, p.116). So far not a great start for the police department but its continued failures must be considered intrinsic in the culmination of David Brame shooting his wife and taking his own life. Whilst the organization may have not pulled the trigger it is this authors opinion that its failures enabled the downward spiral of its officer.
Topic: domestic-violence

Let’s have a look at the various opportunities the Washing Police had to intervene and address his violence, his control and paranoia or where their interactions enabled his behaviour. David Brame became the Chief of Police in Tacoma. However, relations with his wife were strained. Opportunity 1. She endured physical abuse from him and on one occasion called the police but did not file a complaint as she did not wish to get her husband into trouble at work. Enduring abuse is not uncommon as “85% of victims sought help on average five times from professionals in the year before they got effective help to stop the abuse (www.savelives.org.uk). Nothing came of her complaint. Chrystal Blane refused to entertain his wishes for her to engage in a threesome with her husband and one of his co-workers. She initiated divorce proceedings in 2003 due in part to this request and his volatile behaviour. Opportunity 2. Her husband not surprisingly reacted badly to this news and was very vocal in the workplace about his belief that she was going to destroy him. A senior ranking co-worker rang his wife to see if he could bring them back together, but the invitation was declined. She did disclose to the officer that he, David Brame had made death threats and of his threesome request. This officer was the Equal Employment Officer and had been aware of the domestic violence call mentioned earlier but did not act. Opportunity 3. The assistant chief has also discussed the domestic abuse allegation made by Chief Brame’s wife with the city manager and by all account his outwardly display of eccentricity, sloppy appearance should have warranted intervention. Opportunity 4. Chief Brame was supported by several colleagues at his divorce hearing and her family “perceived this police department phalanx as inappropriate”. When he moved out of the marital home his moving crew were three high ranking officials (O’ Hara page 117).