ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: family

Preschool is the time for children to begin to learn the alphabets, and to become aware of the sounds that make up words that is an essential skills for reading which is known as phonemic awareness (Culbreth 114). Therefore, young school age kids need a lot of practice reading to and with their parents. Parents can try repeat reading to build fluency in their children. For example, parents read a passage and then let their child read one. This give their child’s attention to punctuations and interesting words as they read the books (Culbreth 115).
Topic: family

To improve a child’s word power, parents can try to spend more time with their children, such as tell stories about the past, present, and future, encourage play, and read a variety of books (Culbreth 114). At dinnertime, parents can tell a story about their childhood or ask about a future school event. Moreover, according to child development expert Sue Bredekamp, it is an essential way for children to improve their language skills (Simmons and Kameenui 198). Through reading a variety of books that include picture books, stories with rhymes, science or history books that give cool new information. And parents will engage child in unlimited conversations about what they read together.
Topic: family

The library day is the best day of school for many children. So, parents should bring their children to the library as often as possible. Children will search for their favourite books and read for many times that they are able to read it on their own. Being a good reader could make all the difference in the world to children’s future. Decades of research showed that enjoying reading and reading well are the biggest factors in a child’s school success (Culbreth 113).
Topic: family

As a result, prepare children to be a good reader is one of the greatest gifts parents can give to their children. Children who often struggle over words and have trouble understanding words will find a little fun in the process. In a study of American Year Five students, the most passionate readers spend more than fifty times as many minutes a day reading for pleasure comparing with less fluent readers. At the end of the year, the better readers had read more than two million more words, this creating more and more knowledge to the children (Culbreth 115).
Topic: family

A child’s behaviour is always cause by their own parents. Children who grow up in an environment where they always get scolded by their parents are often found to have aggressive behaviours. For example, a parent teaches her eight-year-old daughter to do spelling. When her daughter made the same mistake for three times, the parent started to yell at her. Through this incident, the children will lose her confidence and start to follow what her parents did to her (Spicer 109).
Topic: family

Another bad behaviour is that some children are never learnt to be self-sufficient. It is because they have never been expected to be. Nowadays, parents want more than anything else to make their children happy. They have been sacrifice everything to make sure that their children are happy. These parents spend a lot of fortunes on their children as if they are made of money (Dalton 98). For example, they set up a birthday party to their children as if they were princes or princesses. In this case, it is similar to giving their grown up children expensive cars and excessive clothing allowance. Therefore, children will start to take it for granted and want more from their parents (Dalton 99).
Topic: family

As California psychologist Wendy Mogel points out in The Blessing of a Skinned Knee, today’s parents seems to care very much about their children feeling good and often forget to teach them about doing good (Dalton 98). One obvious characteristic of children who have been given too much thing is that they have no sense of sympathy for others, although they have a great concern for themselves. These spoiled children will make bad roommates, bad friends, and even bad spouses. This will become a serious problem to the society.
Topic: family

For Freda Martin, a psychiatrist and founding director of the Gail Apple Institute in Toronto, being patient is often a choice. Parents choose to pay attention because they know it is important. For example, a parent waiting at the door while her preschooler is struggling to tie his shoes because she know that mastering his skills will help him gain confidence (Spicer 109). But, Martin says, “You shouldn’t have to wait for ever.” Parents can just pick up their child and his shoes, and tell him, “It’s time for us to go now” without losing patience and getting angry (qtd. in Spicer 109).
Topic: family

In a summary, parents must pay attention to their kid’s communication abilities, understanding abilities, and manner. Firstly, a kid’s communication abilities can be improve by experiencing public circumstances. That is giving them the opportunity to speak to the public. Also, becoming a member of outside activities will help kids to learn how to communication with others. Parents must also teach their kids the way how to speak at their house. Communication ability can helps kids to overcome anxiety and fear in the public.
Topic: family

Thirdly, parents can develop their kid’s manner by controlling their own temper. Parents should not yell or scold at their kids. It will create low self-esteem and inherit this behaviour to their kids. Parents also need to create conversations between their kids. They can ask question about how they feel or be a good listener to them. Plus, parents must not spoil their kids by buying expensive stuff to them. They need to teach their kids to learn to be more self-contained.
Topic: family

Breastfeeding in public is one of the most controversial issues in society today. There are strong opinions on both sides of this issue. One opinion against this issue is breastfeeding in public is disrespectful. A common opinion in support of breastfeeding in public is that, women should have the right to breastfeed without rude comments or stares. Another opinion is, that breastfeeding in public should be encouraged because breast are designed to feed humans, and mothers should be able to feed their babies whenever they are hungry, even if it is in a public place.
Topic: family

Miller-Wilson reports that people who oppose nursing in public, feel as though a woman’s breasts are a private part of her body, and that exposing them in public—, even to feed a child—, is wrong. She also mentions that, on Debate.org, users cite other types of nudity as similar to breastfeeding, explaining that just because nursing is “natural” does not mean it is appropriate in all situations. To some, therefore, breastfeeding in public may not be appropriate in certain situations and could seem disrespectful.
Topic: family

This would encourage others to breastfeed their children, and show them that it is normal to feed their children whenever (and wherever) they may are hungry, including in public places. In addition to strengthening the bond between mothers and their babies, breastfeeding also offers a lot of health benefits. Including lower rates of meningitis, childhood leukemia, and other cancers, diabetes, respiratory illnesses, bacterial and viral infections, diarrheal illnesses, allergies and obesity (Benaroch). For theses reasons, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that breastfeeding continue for at least 12 months. Breastfeeding also offers a range of health benefits to mothers, including lower risks of breast and other types of cancers, as well as osteoporosis (Benaroch). As society, we have an obligation to support mothers who are looking out for the well-being of our future generations by breastfeeding. Asking a breastfeeding mother to nurse in a bedroom or cover herself up is an unnecessary barrier to breastfeeding, and the fear of these barriers can cause mothers to refrain from breastfeeding altogether or to wean their infants earlier than what is most beneficial. Encouraging breastfeeding in public will show future mothers that this is normal and that there is nothing wrong with feeding a child in a public setting.
Topic: family

Moreover, breasts were designed to feed babies whenever they are hungry—including in public places. Breast don’t exist for sexual purposes, they were made to feed infants. Although it is common in Western cultures for breasts to serve a sexual purpose, that it is not their primary function. Instead of acknowledging this, western society has over-sexualized breast to the point that having exposed breast in public is considered pornographic by some. We have become confused about the purpose and functions of breast; however, if we can correct these false ideas about breasts, then we can begin to correct the false ideas that society has about breastfeeding in general, and specifically in public. Breasts should be regarded as s a source of nutrition. Which will begin to help society understand that it is perfectly okay for a woman to breastfeed her child in public.
Topic: family

Ultimately, whether a mother chooses to breastfeed in public or not is her decision, but babies were born to breastfeed and mothers should be able to nurse their babies anytime and anywhere without stares, negative comments, or judgement from others. When society finally gets on board with the idea that breast are meant to feed infants and that breastfeeding in public is as natural as eating a sandwich or drinking coffee, future generations will flourish as they will likely consume more nutrients and grow up with a healthy understanding of the function of women’s breast.
Topic: family

“Fences by August Wilson” is one of the plays that can be used as a good example to display the theme of father and son relationship. The play is a masterpiece work of August Wilson. There exist three father and son relationships that are apparently complex and perplexing. One can observe that the relationships that exist between Troy and Cory, Troy and his father and Troy and Lyon do not flourish by love. In all these relationships, the sons try to escape from the restraints that their dads have put across.
Topic: family

“Fences” has various characters. Troy Maxson is the main character in the novel. He is the father to Cory Maxisonand Lyons Maxison. Rose Maxison is Troy’s wife and the mother to Cory and Lyons. Troy has a best and longtime friend known as Bono. The two met a long time ago in prison when they were young men. Gabriel is the brother to Troy. He is his the only other sibling. He was wounded in world war II thus he has a metal plate in the head.
Topic: family

Characters like troy, Cory and Lyons are always chasing the dream of breaking ties with their fathers. However, the fathers seem to cling on the tie so tightly that the sons are unable to break it.This results to conflict and poor relationship between the parties. Troy, once escaped from his father due to his evil nature. However, the way troy was treated seems to have affected him so much that he results in treating his sons and the family the same way. Just like the father, Cory and Lyons were unable to achieve their dreams thus they ended up being failures just like their father.
Topic: family

The relationship between Troy and his father was far more complicated than anyone would ever imagine. Troy is however so much affected by this relationship such that the way he acts upon his sons is a perfect reflection of the way he related with this father when he was young. Troy says that “sometimes is wish I had not known my daddy. He ain’t care nothing about no kids. (…) But I will say this to him…he felt a responsibility towards us.” (Wilson, I, IV, p50). As Troy narrates his life with his father, he talks of a time when he tried to escape from home when he was young. However, Troy is hypocritical since he tries to act on his kids like his father tried to act on him despite speaking of his father degradingly. It is evident that Troy and his mother left their father because they “couldn’t stand that evilness” that possessed their father (Wilson, I, IV, p51). The similarity of Troy’s actions to those of his father foreshadows similar consequences. As a result of Cory and Rose ultimately leave him.
Topic: family

The dream that Cory had in his life is shattered by his father Troy since he forbids it. This makes the relationship between the two to be very edgy. Cory tries to escape from the intent his father had, but this does not bear fruits since his father’s presence in his life seems permanent. As Troy tries to refer to his son, he states that “I don’t want him to be like me! I want him to move as far away from my life as he can get.” (Wilson, I, ii, p39). Troy is always bitter which creates a tensed relationship between himself and his son. This, however, is as a result of the life Troy had lived in the past. Troy is always bitter because racism could not allow him to reach his dream. When his son Cory falls in his footsteps in sports, Troy does not allow his son to chase this dream since he fears that whatever happened to him would also happen to his son. He wants his son not to face the racism he faced during his time, but at the same time, he acts jealously and in an overprotective manner. According to Lochman, John and Karen, (p571), just like any other parent, his intentions were rather genuine, but his methods were extreme. He wants to dictate over the life of his son by shaping him rather than letting him explore the possibilities. Troy does not want to accept the possibilities that racism was scrubbed off and fears that his son would face the same. Cory wants to escape the path so much that his father followed but it is ironical that he ends up falling in the footsteps of his father. At some time, Cory tells his father that “just because you didn’t have a chance, you just scared I’m gonna be better than you, that’s all.” (Wilson, I, IV, p58). This strained relationship went on until Cory could not chase his dream of being a baseball player further. He ends up being a marine Corp which makes him as disillusioned as his father.
Topic: family

Lyons was also unable to escape from the influence of his father such that he finds himself falling in his father’s footsteps. The strained relationship between Lyon and his father is shown when Lyons goes to ask for money from his father during his payday. Lyons says that “I come by to see you…ask for ten dollars and you want to talk about how I was raised. You don’t know nothing about how I was raised.” (Wison, I, I, p18). Lyons was raised by a single mother in the absence of the father since most of the time when Lyons was young; Troy was in prison. This seems to make Troy guilty, and he seems to compensate his grown-up son for being raised in his absence. Lyons does not, however, approve the way he was raised in the absence of his father but he still seems to go for money from his father which is a contradiction since his father seems to have an unending impact on his life. However, Lyons tries to return to his father all the money that he had borrowed from him. “(Lyons: (Going into his pocket.)) Says, look here, Pop…” (Wilson, I, IV, p46). This was an act of freedom and independence. It is as if Lyons was doing away with all the reliance and dependence he had on his father. It is rather ironical that despite Lyons efforts to do away with his father, he turns out to be more like him since instead of achieving his dream of being a musician, he ends up in jail just like his father.
Topic: family

The relationship between the father and the son in Fences is more of a cyclical phenomenon where ultimately, one will still have an impact on the other. Troy tries to escape from his father, but the effects the father had in his life could not be scrubbed off since Troy takes over his father’s actions and similarly treats his family. His create a complicated relationship with his sons; Lyons and Cory who ultimately push him away from their lives. However, their sons end up being like him by not reaching the dreams they envisioned. Cory ended up as a marine Corp rather than reaching his dream of being a baseball player while Lyons ended up in prison just like his father instead of reaching his dream of being a musician.
Topic: family

According to a survey in America, female’s salary at work is 75% as low as male’s. Coming back to last century, at work, when men were paid 1 dollar, the amount that women received was just 58 cents, in accordance with the law in 1963 (Tran 2012) . And in Vietnam, gender inequality is shown in the difference between two genders in the number of babies. Statistics of Ministry of Planning & Investment in 2010 reported that there were 110.
Topic: family

Nowadays, the paradox that makes women suffer adversities and put women into unpleasant situation is seen in every angle of life. However, the method of gender discrimination in one place differs from that in others. For example, in workplace gender inequality accelerates when entering the job racing, not only the dissimilar salary, inequality at work is demonstrated through the differences between genders and the amount of money paid (Hsu 2012). In the aspect of education, in the past, men are prone to have more chances to go to school. Young women seemed to have fewer opportunities for higher education than young men (Dang 2008, p.25)
Topic: family

Regarding to the reasons and the origin of gender inequality, it can be seen that Asia would be the place where gender discrimination has seemed to be a “tradition”. According to the General office for population family planning, the idea of distinguishing men from women came from the impacts of Confucianism and the awareness of people about life. Men were thought to have a duty of continuing the ancestral line. In that society, not having a son meant to be disrespectful towards the ancestor. Going on with this wrong conception, women are more likely to lose the role in community (Nguyen n.d.)
Topic: family

Initially, gender inequality has effects on the scale of population. According to statistics of the General office for population family planning (Nguyen n.d.), because of the discrimination of genders, the number of new-born boys and girls is unequal. To some people, the hope to have a son loses the balance between two genders. Unfortunately, this situation has occurred for such a long time, so the impacts of it in the population are rather huge. As report of Ministry of public health, it is estimated that, despite the attempt to reduce the fluctuation between the birth of boys and girls, in 2020 there will be 4.3 million men more than women. Minister of ministry of public health statement (cited in Phuong 2012), said that if this trend still keeps on going, it will lead to quite a few consequences in security and the order of society before marriage age of children because there will lack brides resulting from out-numbered new-born boys from girls. Now we can see an obvious consequence among the Chinese. According to a Blue Paper on Society released by the China Academy of Social Science, there will run short of brides in ten years because of severe gender imbalance among young people, particularly among under 19-aged people (Tang 2010).
Topic: family

Secondly, the discrimination of genders leads to some problems in education. Education is an important tool, is the key to the growth of human. And no matter what gender a person is, he has right to expose to education like others. Chaudhry & Rahman (2009 p.175), reported that “there are many empirical evidences that, increase in female education improves human development outcomes such as child survival, health and schooling”. However, “lower female education had a negative impact on economic growth as it lowered the average level of human capital” (Klasen 2002, cited in Chaudhry & Rahman 2009, p.175). World Bank in 2001 stated that in almost all poor countries, there is a high trend of educational impacts of gender inequality. In poverty, girls are more likely to be influenced to approach education.
Topic: family

Finally, economy is the field that is consequently affected, because there is a link between education and economy. The impact of gender inequality on economy is found through the number of male and female students in primary and secondary school which is negative (Barro and Lee (1994) and Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1995), cited Stephan Klasen 1999, p.4). And they claimed that “a large gap in male and female schooling may signify backwardness and may therefore be associated with lower economic growth”( Barro and Lee (1994) and Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1995)). And let’s take China- a country which is famous for strong gender imbalance all over the world- as an example of modeling the impact of gender imbalances on economic performance (Golley &Tyers 2012). As mentioned earlier, China is facing a lack of brides 10 years to go and this trend leads to the problems of women purchasing crime. Especially men in poor provinces now are exposing to “marriage market” and this situation makes “the black market of “selling wife”” on the rise, said the deputy director of the China Population Association- Tian Xueyuan (cited Tang 2010). Another economic impact of gender discrimination is unequal wages among male and female. According to Yang Juhua, a professor with Renmin University, the wages of women is much lower than men’s despite the same level of position (cited Tang 2010). Tang also mentioned the chances to get a job of women are smaller and there is more likelihood of being refused on applying for jobs.
Topic: family

Generally speaking, this kind of inequality has existed for a long time and in every area of the world, no matter where it is (Chang n.d.). Now it’s time for the world together make this out-of-date conception fade away. To some extent, the Nobel Committee stated that we cannot reach democracy and peace unless we wouldn’t give equal rights and chances for women have. For the sake of making economic recovery, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton claimed that promoting women to participate in economy and increasing their productivity is the key to economic growth because it will create an effect on “the competitiveness and growth of our economies.” (cited Sharma & Keefe 2011).
Topic: family

In the relationship between economy and education, people cannot underestimate the importance of education. To flourish the economy system, people have to make an effort on schooling. Regarding to the solutions to this, setting up gender-sensitive schools is a crucial step in making a nice environment for learning and teaching. Helping female feel more confident in studying, improving a gender-sensitive curriculum which reflects national policy on gender equality to instruct is also necessary (Clarke 2005, p.11)
Topic: family

From all the discussing above, gender inequality is obviously an urgent problem in the world. Despite the fact that its volume much decreases, it still exists and makes a lot of people suffer its consequences every day. And there are many reasons leading to gender discrimination which cannot be solved easily. However, with education and progressive thoughts of people, there are also reasons to trust in the future of gender inequality being stopped. Then, hopefully, people can live in fairness no matter what gender they are.
Topic: family

Choosing to abort a fetus could help prevent future issues from occurring in a child’s life. If a woman were to have an unwanted baby, she may abuse or neglect this child emotionally and physically. This will not only take a toll on the child’s life, but it may result in the government taking away the child as well. Whether you are a young, inexperienced teenager or an experienced adult, you are conscious of the decision you are making and the consequences of an abortion.
Topic: family

It is a choice entirely up to the woman, and what she feels is the best for her health and the situation. In many cases of pregnancy there are different circumstances that could have led to that pregnancy, sometimes including rape. If rape so happen to be the factor that led to the pregnancy, why should a woman have to live with having the baby of the person who has caused such terror and devastation in her life? Why should the child itself have no father figure, come to learn that he or she was a result of a rape, and that their father is a gruesome person? To go even further, what if the pregnancy was a result of incest? How could you force a 12 year old girl who is a victim of incest to have that baby? It is difficult and maybe impossible to justify saving a life of a child that will be a constant reminder of the horror she was put through at such a young age. At 12, you are neither physically nor emotionally developed and cannot take on a child physically or emotionally either. Furthermore, as a woman you have the right to control your own body, nobody should tell you how to use your body. There are many more arguments that support abortion, one of the strongest arguments being that life doesn’t start until birth, once the fetus becomes a human being. Therefore, abortion is not murder or taking a life, it is simply preventing a life from occurring. In most circumstances this wouldn’t be in enjoyable life, most abortions are centered around a life that would be filled with trauma. For all of these reasons discussed above, abortion as a practice can be justified and a person can properly support its practice.
Topic: family

A cultural myth is a traditional story that has a meaning attached to it. These myths have an effect in they way people lead their lives and even how they interact with each other. It is notable that myths have a role to play be it personally, or to the wider society. In as much as one may believe or doubt such myths, they still continue to exist in different ways, and are shaping destinies of many. Myths can be full of truth or falsehood and depend on the interpretation a person may prefer.
Topic: family

Modern technology has given rise to much development in mass media which in turn has enabled many myths from different parts of the world to be collected together for study. Books have been printed and availed to anybody with interest to read and either agree or disagree with the subject. From an individual to a community, some cultural myths seem worthy in the sense that they encourage or uplift the spirit (Wessels, 92). Others may not necessarily be so and may seem unrealistic especially if they are prejudicial or implying immorality.
Topic: family

Happily Ever After; the American society as any other society has not been left behind in embracing myths. Many of them believe that happiness can be sought and achieved despite the hardship one may go through. Happiness is attributed to material possessions whereby those who do not have ample material wealth are considered unhappy. The ideology of possessions can be traced through ancient myths some of which are still followed today. Hard work is associated to prosperity and lack of it therefore leads to a lowly life.
Topic: family

Studies have shown that happiness is not related to material or money possessions (Veenhoven, 5). The old notion which led many people to acquire as much as they could has been proven false. Traditionalists believed that it is out of what you possess that gives you the feeling of happiness. People then would strive so much in order to have money so that they may live the rest of their lives happily. In did not matter the means or the extent to which this was sought as long as one could proudly claim he had money. Americans forgot that happiness is never permanent and mostly is derived from being comfortable with what one has, however little.
Topic: family

The Nuclear Family has been a basis upon which nations are built. The nuclear family is composed of a father, mother and their children. This family set up has been criticized for a very long time due to its lack of universality, essence and modernity (Chester, 111). Industrialization brought out the need to move away to work places and obviously the nuclear family was affected. When the heads of the family began moving to far away places in search of job, there remained a question as to whether those left should still be considered as a nuclear family.
Topic: family

The myth that every nuclear family should cater for itself has contributed negatively in its essence. Most Americans may prefer to be in such families in contrast that whole societies need to live together and cater for each other. Another aspect which makes the nuclear family fail is failure of it being universal. Since other societies in the world have extended families, the notion in Americans mind that only the nuclear family is perfect could be wrong. This is another cultural myth that has pulled back the Americans in their pursuits and has isolated them.
Topic: family

The western culture took the nuclear family as a symbol and went ahead to portray it in art and media. But statistics show that there has been a decline in the number of nuclear families in the America over the past few years. Divorces and remarriages are common and therefore the true definition of a nuclear family has eroded. This goes on to show that the ideal nuclear family that was projected was just another cultural myth which has no place in modern society. It becomes a myth in the sense that sometimes ago; departure from this family set up was seen as immoral and unhealthy by many Americans (Uzoka, 34).
Topic: family

Most Americans have shunned the extended family setup which encouraged communal responsibility, and have upheld nuclear families which promote individualism. The extended family comprises of the nuclear family and the relatives. This type of family is mostly concerned with building relationships which in turn play a role in the wide community. It is only when people begin to care for each other, the immediate community benefits as well as the whole country. It is therefore important that the Americans embrace extended family and break from their cultural myth of nuclear families.
Topic: family

An important fact to note is that, were it not for a tradition of viewing black negatively, they too are human and have all the abilities as white have. The cultural myths have engineered a trend that is difficult to deal with in modern society. Some instances where these myths have brought about are cases where people are discriminated according to their skin color. They are denied jobs and other government services just because of their skin color. A recent case during Hurricane Katrina where the government failed to act speedily is a case study for this. It attests to the fact that cultural myths still have a place in the modern society; albeit the American society ought to shun this evil (Palmer, 75).
Topic: family

Americans have stereotyped many other races. The, Americans have stereotyped many other races and the most affected are the African-Americans. African -American simplification of individuals’ behavior is the African-American Stereotyping. They came about into the American culture from the period of colonial settlement, specifically after the collapse of Slave Trade. The minstrel of the earlier blackface illustrates blacks as ignorant, superstitious as well as naÃ¯ve in addition to been joyous which are the same characteristics which were associated with the slaves. Additionally the African-American have been stereotyped as a race which consists of people who are only good at sports. The act of stereotyping has got to its peak in the media through movies in addition to television. The media has contributed in passing negative information regarding the lifestyle of African-American to the young people. Certain shows aired on the T.V channels demonstrate the false personalities about the African Americans. To make the matters worse, there is a specific video game which has been developed whose main character is an African American who plays only the role of killing, robbing alongside having sexual relations with persons. This indicates an example through which the media has been involved in stereotyping. It is because of these cultural myths that have behaved in negative ways towards each other. They have refused to move away from such myths ignoring the fact that such cause hatred amongst each other.
Topic: family

Hank Morgan is a prisoner who has traveled back in time to the sixth century and is sentenced to death before Arthur’s court because of his strange dress and appearance. Before the execution is carried out, he is able to buy his freedom by convincing the Arthur that he is a magician. He relies on knowledge that a sun eclipse will take place before he is executed and he convinces the King that he is the cause of it. Hank is given the highest title in the land and he does not fail to ridicule the people who fear him.
Topic: family

She becomes familiar with the territory he begins to understand the people and their way of life, which are still much in superstitions and myths, and even befriends a girl named Sandy. Hank outsmarts Merlin again in rebuilding a broken water fountain and thus retains power and respect. He convinces all present on his ability to summon the demons. Morgan has a way with the native’s lives and together with the king he continues the hold of power.
Topic: family

Sandy gives birth to a baby with Hank and upon the child’s illness he is lured to leave the country thus leaving a gap in the country’s leadership. The King and Lancelot fight over Guinevere infidelity. The church provokes a revolt over Hank the people start a war. The story ends with the present day where Hank is found dreaming about his lover, Sandy, almost a millennium later. It is argued by some people that the book is an attack on American’s values which include materialism and technology. American sentimentalism about the past is also criticized (Twain & Thompson).
Topic: family

Twain in his book looks in the effect myths have on our culture and day to day live. The mythic Arthur is associated with the past in contrast with Hank who symbolizes the present. The church is also brought into perspective and is seen as an evil and an enemy which conspires with political figures to oppress people. Slavery as another social menace should also be done away with. Slavery was embraced by many people in the past since they saw in it a way to get cheap labor and monetary gain. It becomes a cultural myth that Americans now should abolish.
Topic: family

Magic is contrasted with reality in form of industrialization. People in the past relied on magic to achieve their needs but the book shows that such a myth can be done away with through use of technology. Industrialization should be a factor in civilization rather the magic of yesteryears. Many more achievements can be found by training people since human nature allows it. Training determines the behavior of a society unlike when people rely on myths. They are then able to differentiate between what is right and wrong (Umland & Umland 25).
Topic: family

Josephine Baterman, who was an editor, served as the first president for the Ohio Women’s Temperance Society. While America was making a shift from an economy based on agriculture to one of industry, the Temperance Society in Ohio experienced a high rate of growth. The members believed that homelessness, joblessness, and high crime rate came from alcohol abuse. They decided to take a stand and started marching in protest stopping at every saloon, approximately twenty in all, and demanded that the owners of the bars sign a pledge to not sell alcohol. This angered the government who passed a bill stating that these marches were not to be held again on the grounds that they held up traffic.
Topic: family

The Movement did not only remain at the lower levels of society. It migrated its way up from churches, to cities, and eventually to the representatives of the states themselves. In Georgia, a group attempted to get the residents to moderate the consumption of alcohol. While this group as a whole did not remain intact for long, a branch of it was present in Augusta for quite some time. 3 This branch had a hand in the nomination of a minister B. H. Overby on a platform of statewide prohibition. Also, Maine passed a liquor law that stated that the law authorized the destruction of intoxicating liquors when they are found in the possession of people who are selling them as a beverage. Governors from Connecticut and Oregon also held meetings on prohibition.
Topic: family

The temperance movement advocated abstinence and the banning of alcohol. Being backed by the church, the women were the majority of people who supported this movement. Up until this time, women did not really have any kind of role or affect in how the government ran itself or what laws were passed. As a result of the temperance movement, the eighteenth amendment was passed but it was later repealed by the twenty first amendment. The movement is still felt in society today in forms like Alcoholics Anonymous.
Topic: family

Child soldiers is a worldwide phenomenon, which goes way back in history. In 2000, The United Nations General Assembly adopted The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict as a supplementary protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Wikipedia). The treaty whereby states agree to prohibit the conscription into the military of children under the age of 18 and ensure that military volunteers under the age of 18 are exempted from taking a direct part in hostilities.
Topic: family

According to Child Soldiers International, most of Europe and Africa have now adopted the Straight 18 standard, which prohibits people under the age of 18 to join state armed groups. However, Australia, China, France, Germany, Saudi Arabia and the USA allow enlistment from the age of 17. Brazil, Canada, and the UK allow enlistment from the age of 16. Children fight on the front lines, participate in suicide missions, act as spies, messengers or bomb makers, serve as human shields and are used for sexual purposes. For example, during the Iran-Iraq war, child soldiers were sent out ahead in waves over minefields.
Topic: family

Children are very useful to armed group for several reasons, as they are trusting, vulnerable, effective, easy to manipulate, fast learners, cheap, easily expandable, persistent — often in combat under the influence of drugs, pose unique challenges to professional armies by adding confusion to battlefields and causing hesitation out of sympathy in opposing forces. When kids survive, in the future they may face many difficulties following being a soldier at such a young age. As soldiers, children often take part or witness horrific atrocities such as rape, beheadings, and burning people alive. Kids live in trauma and may experience various mental health disorders. Many soldiers die and the rest is usually severely maimed. War disrupts child’s development, deprives them from childhood, takes away the opportunity to be educates, and permanently influence one’s future.
Topic: family

Culture is mankind’s primary adaptive mechanism”1. Another author says that “Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another.”2. from these definitions it is clear that both explains the same idea but in different words, says that culture is first learned after learning it is then shared so it’s a common fact that the younger first learn the culture from their elders and when these young become elders they transfer it to the next generation.
Topic: family

As we discussed earlier that culture are learnt from their elders, culture is not the thing you study for it and you know it but it is just the process you pass from it, after that you will know about the culture. It is just like the thing that inherited in someone nature. All action the action we do like eating, dressing wearing ornaments etc is the result of culture we learned. One author says about learning culture “Babies and children learn about their culture by watching their parents and close family. They copy behavior they have seen and adopt different roles”3 and that’s fact that babies and children learned culture by watching their parents and close family and then they apply these different roles in their Daily life and thus adapt their culture.
Topic: family

Culture is something that is shared among groups of people. It is not the thing that someone posses it individually. Culture is always transferred through sharing so it mean that for transferring the culture the sharing is must. The sharing of culture refers to the term called enculturation according to author “Process of learning culture is called enculturation”4. Culture is shared in many ways; the main way for transferring the culture is the language. Language is the form of social communication and the knowledge is transferred through group discussion, public speaking and informal communication. The second way is the use of communication technologies nowadays like TV, DVD, internet etc play also important role in sharing the culture. These modern technologies have exposed every culture to the whole world.
Topic: family

Culture is social it is not the individual phenomena. it is the product of society and originates and grows through social interaction. Something is differentiable to us through comparison, so for distinguishes culture we have to compare it with some other then we will know about all aspects of that culture therefore the culture must be social and without it there is no concept of culture. One author says that “culture can be thought of as the normative order, operating through operational and social influence, that guide and constrains the behavior of people in collectives”5 .so from above statement it is clear that culture is the overall thought in a normative order, and these thoughts are pass through several operational and social influences, it means that their also occur some changes in culture but these changes are collectively and thus people of that culture adopt their behavior to the culture.
Topic: family

Culture is always adaptive, even changes occur in culture but is very slow process and generally it is adaptive to all the people associated with that culture. when their occur some changes in the culture then at the same time people become use to with it and thus they feel nothing about their culture even people of other cultures will says anything about that culture but the people of that culture they are adapt with it. One author says about it that “The biological modifications and adjustments are always flexible to adapt even in the harsh conditions of the environment”7.it means that the changes occur in the culture is flexible, easy for everyone to follow.
Topic: family

According to the Colombia university press “everything having to do with foodÃ¢â‚¬â€its capture, cultivation, preparation, and consumptionÃ¢â‚¬â€represents a cultural act”8 so definitely food when reach to us first it pass from different stages like its cultivation, every culture has its own process of cultivation, capturing and preparation. This mean that food is also one of the important part of the material culture.
Topic: family

Building means construction. Building also plays important role in culture identity. Different cultures have different type of buildings. Some cultures have big houses while some have small. There are also some cultural people who don’t construct houses also, all life they pass in different places. Usually the cultural people from rural areas have big houses while those living in the city have small houses. The reason may be in rural areas the population is so much low and the place available for the house is very cheap as compare to the city. May be of this reason this culture is raised in the rural areas.
Topic: family

Language is one of the most important forms of material culture, without language there is no concept of culture. Different cultures have different speaking of language. Even when the language is same between the two cultures but still there will be difference in speaking and one will easily difference between them. Sometime because of cultures a large number of cultures are treated as one culture, for example in Pakistan there is a lot of cultures but still to the out countries they treat as just like one culture and is known as Pakistani culture. Even subcontinent is also treated as one culture but this in a specific occasion for example Asia is the largest subcontinent but the countries outside the Asia also says the words like Asian culture and we says the European culture or African culture. Language is the root cause of culture. Humans learn their culture through language, the parents first learned language to the kids after that they gradually also learn their culture.
Topic: family

Family is one of the most important concept in the culture. Different cultures define family in different ways. Some says that those who have a blood relation with you is your family member, other says that only your wife and kids are included in your family. According to an author “Anthropologists say a culture’s biological and marital kinship rules and patterns of reciprocal obligations define family”9, the definition varies of different cultures. The people from rural background define family in a large sense they include all of their relatives in the family and those from urban background define family in a little narrow sense as compared to the urban background people.
Topic: family

Religion is the most important in cultural society. In most of the culture the religion is very respectful to all of the culture members and they also strictly obey their religion. And the most respectful religion among all the culture is Islam. Those cultures that have Islam as religion they apply the order of Islam in their daily life and mostly these people led a very happy life without much resources. According to my survey a lot of my audience says that they follow their religion strictly and says five time prayers which is the most important thing as considered to Islam, and those audiences whose religion was other than Islam they mostly says that we are not so much following our religion.
Topic: family

Education also play important role in building a cultural society. Education is the basic need of human. Without education humanity is not possible, therefore almost all the cultures gives importance to education and they possess only education for their success. But still there are also so cultures which do not gives focus to education. Some cultures give importance only to boys education and not to female. The number of these types of cultures is decreasing slowly. In general most cultures gives importance to education and they love the educated people of their culture.
Topic: family

Culture has great importance. Culture is the identity of the nation, without culture the society is impossible. An author says about the importance of culture that “culture is the set of transmitted and learned behavior patterns, beliefs, institutions and all other products of human work and thought that characterize the functioning of particular population, profession, organization or community”10, so the only representative of the particular community or population is the culture. Culture is the basic root of any community which gives them the ways of life. The culture provides solution to the critical problem that is faced to community. Culture teach us to think for the whole nation not individually, it provide the concept of family, nation etc.
Topic: family

During the early 1800’s, women were generally trapped in their homes and would only perform domestic chaos and duties. Nature and the society had given them roles as the home keepers, ethical keepers for the home and the entire society, as well as house wives for their families(Wayne, 2007, p.99).. The roles as house wives were to bear children, take care of the young ones as well as submitting to the husbands. Socially, women were considered weaker hence unequal to their men counterparts.