ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: family

The huts face each other sometimes in rows but never looking into a strangers front door. The doors may be moved and a “Spite Wall” be built between two feuding families so that their backs are to one another. They can also be altered and enlarged to accommodate family and friends visiting. 9. ADAPTIONS to the MODERN WORLD: The pygmies seemed to adapt well to the villagers. They basically pretended to believe what they believe just to continue the trading. They leave the villagers ways at the entrance to the forest.
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They get exploited to some extent while they also exploit the tourist and forest workers. As the forest gets smaller and they experience more of the outside world they want more. They smoke, they drink, and they pay 100% on small loans. The part that cultural anthropology plays in this understands the differences. They were encouraged to work on the plantations so that they may prosper. They did not acclimatize to the direct sunlight and some died of heatstroke (Turnbull 260). The mosquitoes make them sick. They are people of the forest. 10.
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RELIGION: Ancestor worship is the main theme here. It is taboo to mention the deeds name. They do believe in a benevolent deity that they identify with the forest. It gives and it takes (Turnbull, 45). The most important part of any ritual is that it is done correctly. These rituals are to make everyone happy and the forest happy. They solve problems communally so as not to upset the forest. The pygmies believe a dead persons soul returns to the forest to be born again.
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Raised in a military family, I consider myself an organized, dedicated, adventurous and motivated person. My father has been a great influence in my life and an honorable example of a military man who serves the people of our nation with pride. At an early age I learned about sacrifices, “This We Will Defend,” honor, respect and devotion to duty. I truly believe in what the Army stands for hence why it would be a great privilege to join the few and elite members of the prestigious Officer’s.
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Being the older child my brother has always looked up to me. At a young age I started taking the responsibility to help and mentor my brother. As a leader I have volunteered for different causes, such as collecting food and clothing for the homeless and setting up, planning, and organizing events for the children of the community through our MWR Department. In the summer of 2006 I assisted in leading a fundraisers to raise money to travel to the Virgin Islands Environmental Research Station (VIERS). We raised a total of 8,200 dollars, enough to pay the tuition for children of Coast Guard members.
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I spent the summer supporting the research station on providing environmental education to children. Being part of the VIERS gave me much satisfaction. I was assigned to supervise a group of younger girls teaching them the importance of teamwork and citizenship. This experience gave me the opportunity to learn about human behavior and crisis management. VIERS gave me the opportunity to learn to be a responsible and fair leader. As a military child one of the hardest challenges has been my father getting transferred. Like most military children, I held my head high and took the challenge.
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I have been faced with this challenge more frequently then I have wished. In the last three years I have been to three different high schools. I have learned to adapt and over come although it was a harsh transition. I’ve had to adapt to new standards and conditions. I moved from a Puerto Rican military base school system to a Californian year round school system. My strength came from my support group which consisted of my family and my ever patient teachers. When I finally got used to the system I was uprooted and moved to another school closer to home.
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I’ve now been faced with the challenge of meeting all the required standards to graduate high school. I learned to function under pressure. I have persevered and I have pushed through and let this become just another experience that made me stronger. I faced the challenges of moving from one home to another and from one school to the next and I never expected as a military child to be discriminated against. Being the new kid at school I experienced put downs, and verbal abuse. I took everything thrown at me and used it to make me stronger. This past year I tried out for the girls track and field team at my high school.
Topic: family

I was a part of the Track and Field team at my old high school and I sought to be a part of the team at my new school. At the tryouts their was a group of girls that seemed to be good friends with one another, I over heard them talking about the “new girls” trying to make the team, I ignored it and stayed focused on what I wanted to accomplish. I was trying out for shot putter but right before it was my turn to try out the captain came up and told me in mock kindness that she wanted me to try out as a sprinter. After much discussion between the captain and I, I felt she was setting me up for failure.
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I shortly realize that in order to be part of the team I would have had to be part of her group of friends. The only members who made the team happened to be her select group of friends. It did not mattered how hard I tried or that I had the ability and experience in track, what matter was that I was not in her social group. I was not going to allow myself to be a part of a group of people who would discriminate against someone new or different. I have dignity and pride and I did not intend to put myself in a position where I would have to discriminate just to “fit” in.
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Being part of a military family gave me the opportunity to visit many places and learn about different cultures. Every place had different challenges and experiences. I learned from all of them, and I am a stronger person because of it. Honor, courage, commitment are just a few adjectives that come to mind when I think about becoming an Army Officer. Attending an institution where I can learn from the wisdom of many individuals that will pass on their knowledge and experiences so that I can become a better citizen to my country.
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Other colleges would provide me an education based on books, but the ROTC would provide me, not only an education, but will give me the tools necessary to achieve my goal. At eighteen years old, I have already proven to be dedicated and motivated to pursue a career. The Army ROTC is a place that can provide me with the knowledge and experiences that I seek to become an outstanding leader. I am goal oriented and aim to have the opportunity to be Officer. I am already Strong I’m ready become stronger.
Topic: family

“Desiree’s Baby”, by Kate Chopin, is a short story that deals with love, prejudice and rejection, including some racist traits. The story develops in a period of time characterized by separation of races where whites were rich and superior and blacks were inferior and mostly slaves. Throughout this short story, social status and how human relationships were dominated by power and appearance, become the center of the story. Desiree’s Baby” describes the life of a young woman called Desiree, who was adopted by the Valmonde’s family when she was abandoned in front of their house.
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This young woman marries Armand Aubigny, who had one of the richest and proudest names in Louisiana, and who at the beginning fell in love with Desiree in a way in which he did not care about her origins and gave her his important name. Armand and Desiree had a son, who was having black skin as he was growing; what in the time, was considered a disgrace for the entire family and most important in this case, to Armand.
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Desiree having a child with black skin brings the essential factor to the story were the characteristics of Armand clearly show up. The character of Desiree’s husband, Armand Aubigny, is showed as a violent and insensitive person, with a nature based only on his high social status as the only significance in life. Armand starts to be seen as a violent character when he is first introduced: “Armand Aubigny”, his name itself derives from the word “arm” in English, related to a fighting perception.
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When he falls in love with Desiree, it is described as a love at first sight, surrounded by violent adjectives and comparisons: ” as if struck by a pistol shot…like an avalanche, or like a prairie fire, or like anything that drives headlong over all obstacles. ” These comparisons relate to the character with a violent and really strong behavior, serious, that when he falls in love at first sight does things without thinking twice. As well as when described by his wife DEsiree as ” spirit of Satan seemed suddenly to take hold of him”.
Topic: family

Armand Aubigny shows his violent features all along the story, also seen when he makes his wife leave their house, “Yes, I want you to go”, which will be more in deep developed among this essay. Armand does not seem to feel or to care, instead, he appears as a really insensitive person; “forgotten how to be gay…Armand’s dark,handsome face had not often been disfigured by frowns since the day he fell in love with her. ” It is not only his behavior but also his physical characteristics are showing a person who is not present, and is not taking care of his things in life.
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Also, mentioned in the story “he absented himself from home…avoided her presence and that of her child, without excuse”; Here there is a husband described who does not give explanations to his wife, and is not present at home during the first years of his own son. And as mentioned before, during the farewell of his wife, is unable to speak a word, even when loosing her wife, he does not give her an answer, the narrator describes Armand’s thoughts as “no longer loved her”; as if he did not care at all about the departure of both his wife and unique son.
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A third and last aspect of the important character of Armand Aubigny, is that all his features led him appear as a person whose goal in life and whose only concern is the social status and appearance in public. Armand has a vital struggle in which he allows himself to be interested and sometimes racist. He is a rich man, who inherited his father’s plantation as well as “one of the oldest and proudest” name “in Louisiana”. A really clear and good example where this concept is seen is when his wife explains how proud Armand is having a baby boy, because a girl would have badly influence his name; “He is the proudest father in the parish”.
Topic: family

Also since both parents noticed that the baby boy began to have some black skin, Armand “took his wife and son” out of his way, as if they were mere possessions which were destroying his high social status and his famous name: ” Yes, go…Yes, I want you to go. ” Things in Armand life appear as objects, simple things, that can affect his name good or bad. Armand Aubigny appears as a key character in the story, since he is the starting point of the breaking down of the marriage with Desiree, the woman with whom he fell so violent and strongly in love, which showed the different characteristics that refers to Armand among the whole story.
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He has never heard from his father since he joined high school. Snipe’s immediate environment, with this respect, the microsystem was influenced negatively by the actions of his father. As such, he deviated from the normal development, an aspect that may have influenced his passion for fighting for the rights of children. The connection between him and his environment, expressed as the mesosystem, was also influenced negatively by his father. As such, he did not develop good relationships with older male adults. He feared his teacher.
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In the broader context of the society, Snipes was fearful of what was going around him as their were threats of nuclear aggression on his country. He could pray silently alone for him not to die, something that affected his later spirituality. As such, there are positive ways in which the exosystem influenced him. He believed it was his duty to go to school, learn and become a worthwhile citizen, something that he actually achieved. In other words, he was integrated into the macrosystem, the outermost layer of a child’s development.
Topic: family

As a child, Snipes always wished that he could be grown so that he could run away from home. When he reached college, he actually decided not to go back home. According to Bronfenbrenner’s theory, the chronosystem is the recounts of time that normally plays a large role in the development of the child he tends to fix his plans within the framework of time. Snipes desired to run away from his abusive father when he grows and he actually grew and left home to begin a new life in a new environment.
Topic: family

Who is to blame for the tragedy? Could it be the “honest” Iago who mislead the hero using his wits and persistence leading to his own demise? Maybe, but Iago can’t take all the credit for his master plan. It was his excellence in human psychology and reliability on his victims to doubt one another; he was especially reliant on the outsider, Othello. Othello, proud general to naive lover could have been the cause to his own downfall. It might have been his love towards Desdemona, causing his untamed imagination to lose control, informed of her infidelity.
Topic: family

This time the dramatic device is well distinguished by the readers as well as Othello. He is aware of the fact Iago is hiding something important from him, but is unable to find the truth. However, through Iago’s repetition, Othello becomes more suspicious of his old friend, Michael Cassio. Iago does this a number of times for different purposes but it can be seen that his main use of this device was to create space for doubt in Othello’s mind as well as building his trust on Iago.
Topic: family

This scene shows the power of strategic silences. This dramatic device is used by Iago to show Othello that he is unable to betray Cassio, his dear friend however; Iago also proves his loyalty for his lord, Othello. Iago proves this as he pauses before answering Othello. In the amount of time Iago pretends to be thinking in his silences, Othello’s confusion of his wife’s infidelity grows stronger.
Topic: family

Here Iago makes a speech in what commitment means to Venetian women. They may walk freely on the streets of Venice untamed, getting “busy” however, their principles don’t need to tell them what their doing is ethically wrong but as long as it is unseen from their husbands. In his explanation Iago doesn’t say that Desdemona is “loose” but implies this as a generalisation of Venetian women. The device works effectively on Othello because he is not aware of the Venetian society as he is from outside of Europe, where the customs and loyalty to a husband is different. The reason Othello trusts Iago so much is because he is his only source of the truth and he portrays himself as “honest” Iago, source of all truth.
Topic: family

It can be seen that Iago is to blame for the tragedy however; he just played the part of the devil’s advocate. Iago is to blame but he could have not achieved his plan without remaining reliant on the others to play there part in his game. It was his manipulation and somewhat integrity on others which caused the distrust between the friends. The plan succeeded with a twist, as the other characters did not try and prevent suspicion or jealousy because there was no communication amongst them besides talking to Iago, who turned them against one another. This tragedy could have been prevented by talking to each other and prevent stirring up any unwanted lies.
Topic: family

The Shakespeare play Othello is a tragedy. This tragedy was only Othello’s misfortune as he was deceived and manipulated into destroying his life till death. It showed the journey of this humble, loving man slowly losing control on everything and everyone he loved, bringing him to his own downfall caused by himself and ending in death. He caused this calamity by doubt and uncertainty after he fell in love and killed her as well as his greatest enemy, himself.
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Segment 1: Introduction to the Poem (3:15) ________________________________________ • Harvard student Zachary Shrier comments on Professor Vendler’s teaching. • “Among School Children” is an example of a philosophical poem – a poem that considers some of the questions, or readings of the world asked by philosophers. • The poem names three famous Greek philosophers from the beginning era of philosophy: Plato, Aristotle and Pythagoras. • Yeats’ first aim is not to be perfectly clear. The poem is not easy to decipher.
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• “Among School Children” was written after visiting a Montessori school in Dublin. A sixty-year-old man, a famous poet and a winner of the Nobel Prize, Yeats was asked to visit such institutions to provide encouragement to students. Segment 2: Three Greek Philosophers (6:00) ________________________________________ • Yeats points to three different constructions of the world: • Platonic forms: where nature is only a transient phenomenon. Aristotle: the philosopher of the natural world, his experiments grounded in scientific objectivity.
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• Pythagoras: the philosopher of aesthetics, famous for establishing musical ratios and the ideal form of the golden triangle. • These philosophers were preeminent in establishing the philosophy of thought, science and aesthetics. However, Yeats states that while their philosophical ideas might linger, even great luminaries grow old, become objects of ridicule and die. Describing them as old scarecrows, Yeats reflects upon their and his own impermanence. • Another area for Yeats’ contemplation is the arts.
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He considered them as one art, all attempting to find the perfect Pythagorean aesthetic ratios. • The third area of Yeats’ reflection was his view of himself as a lover. Beset by love for one woman for many years, Yeats describes the intimate feeling when his beloved grants him a vision of the life that she led prior to their meeting. Segment 3: Yeats’ Philosophical Thoughts (6:08) ________________________________________ • According to Plato’s myth of creation, originally everyone was once half of a sphere.
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The two halves of the sphere either consisted of a male half linked with another male half, a female half linked with a female half, or male/female or female/male divisions. • Upon birth, thought Plato, the sphere is split in two, and the divided parts were thrown into the world, thus explaining the phenomenon of human sexual attraction. • As he looks over the girls in the classroom, his mind wanders, and he wonders how his beloved looked at that youthful age. • The poem is also about labor, referring to Adam’s curse of having to earn his livelihood and Eve’s curse of having to endure the pain of childbirth.
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He also despairs at the length of the learning process. Segment 4: Reading of Stanzas I through IV (9:23) ________________________________________ • The first four stations or stanzas of the poem begin with Roman numerals, informing the reader that the poem will appear in stages, seemingly starting anew after each stanza. • The poem, following octava rima form, has eight stanzas, with each stanza consisting of eight lines of verse. Each stanza contains a unit of six lines followed by a unit of two lines, giving the poem an ABABABCC form. I I walk through the long schoolroom questioning; A kind old nun in a white hood replies;
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The children learn to cipher and to sing, To study reading-books and history, To cut and sew, be neat in everything In the best modern way – the children’s eyes In momentary wonder stare upon A sixty-year-old smiling public man. II I dream of a Ledaean body, bent Above a sinking fire. A tale that she Told of a harsh reproof, or trivial event That changed some childish day to tragedy – Told, and it seemed that our two natures blent Into a sphere from youthful sympathy, Or else, to alter Plato’s parable, Into the yolk and white of the one shell. III And thinking of that fit of grief or rage I look upon one child or t’other there
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Better to smile on all that smile, and show There is a comfortable kind of old scarecrow. • Yeats returns from his dream to the classroom, smiling upon the students and choosing for himself the role of the smiling old scarecrow. • Yeats completes the diptych: once possessing pretty plumage, he is now a sixty-year-old scarecrow; she, once a living child, now is a time-ravaged woman. Segment 5: Reading of Stanzas V through VII (7:31) ________________________________________ • Yeats asks whether a mother would regret having her child if she could envision the child as a sixty-year-old scarecrow? In the fifth stanza, Yeats projects an image of a Madonna-like mother: fulfilled, young and fertile. He asks: what if she could look forward and see her son as a withered old man? Would the pain and worry of child bearing be worth the result? V What youthful mother, a shape upon her lap Honey of generation had betrayed, And that must sleep, shriek, struggle to escape As recollection or the drug decide, Would think her son, did she but see that shape With sixty or more winters on its head, A compensation for the pang of his birth, Or the uncertainty of his setting forth? VI Plato thought nature but a spume that plays
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Upon a ghostly paradigm of things; Solider Aristotle played the taws Upon the bottom of a king of kings; World-famous golden-thighed Pythagoras Fingered upon a fiddle-stick or strings What a star sang and careless Muses heard: Old clothes upon old sticks to scare a bird. VII Both nuns and mothers worship images, But those the candles light are not as those That animate a mother’s reveries, But keep a marble or a bronze repose. And yet they too break hearts – O Presences That passion, piety or affection knows, And that all heavenly glory symbolise – O self-born mockers of man’s enterprise;
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Segment 6: Reading of Stanza VIII (12:51) ________________________________________ VIII Labour is blossoming or dancing where The body is not bruised to pleasure soul. Nor beauty born out of its own despair, Nor blear-eyed wisdom out of midnight oil. O chestnut-tree, great-rooted blossomer, Are you the leaf, the blossom or the bole? O body swayed to music, O brightening glance, How can we know the dancer from the dance? • Yeats looks for a solution to the pain of unrequited passion. In this poems original ending, Yeats conjures the nostalgia of the spring of youth and reciprocated sexuality. Yeats looks towards nature for inspiration, admiring the grand chestnut tree, giving forth blossoms even after old age with a continual spring of vital energy: • However, Yeats acknowledges that mankind in old age is not looked upon with such veneration as is the old, stately tree. • In asking his final question as to the use of a long life, he looks to the dancer – a dancer who creates his or her own choreography to the constraints of the pace of musical accompaniment. • To Yeats, life is a series of fluid and self-invented steps, not governed by time but rather invented against time. Segment 7: Conclusion (1:46) _______________________________________ • The exciting nature of “Among School Children” stems from the poem’s growth from an apparent lack of position, to the ultimate question: What is life worth once someone has grown old? • It is a comprehensive poem, dealing with the great Greek philosophers, views on men and women, passion, piety and affection, and the organic and human worlds. • It compares the physical body to the imaginative soul: the bitterness and the exhaustion of the biological is contrasted to the constant brightening of the human imagination. • Ending commentary by Harvard student Jessica Kahan.
Topic: family

Okonkwo and Ekwefi share a daughter called Ezinma. They don’t really share a love as such for each other most of the time because Okonkwo constantly beats his wives for every time they do something wrong. However, I think, in a strange sense, that this might be a way that they show their love for each other, seeing as the wife usually doesn’t retaliate. However, in Chapter 5, Okonkwo nearly shoots Ekwefi, so this could most likely disprove my theory: “… ran out again and aimed at her as she clambered over the dwarf wall of the barn.
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” Although Ekwefi is able to confront Okonkwo on rare occasions, she is still a bit intimidated by his violent reactions. Achebe exaggerates the point of manipulation throughout the novel between Okonkwo and Ekwefi. Ekwefi is painted as being extremely devoted to her daughter and Okonkwo but is unable to see that she is being taken advantage by him: Okonkwo only takes notice of her when he is after something: “… he asked his second wife, Ekwefi, to roast some plantains for him.
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” Achebe also suggests the idea that Okonkwo relies on his wives more than we are made to believe. He needs his family just as much as they need him. In Chapter 9, Okonkwo and Ekwefi attend to their sick daughter, who is near to death. Okonkwo really cares for his children and it shows in this chapter, when Achebe tells us about Ekwefi’s unfortunate luck with children. He tells us that Okonkwo goes to see the medicine man when she mourned the death of her second child to see why this was happening.
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The story shows that Okonkwo shares the closest relationship with Ekwefi, out of the three wives, as she is the wife that Okonkwo knows the best: “Of his three wives, Ekwefi was the only one who would have the audacity to bang on his door. ” The quote suggests that Ekwefi is a bit more confident and willing to stand up to Okonkwo no matter how many times she may get beaten. It shows that Ekwefi is not threatened or intimidated by Okonkwo’s regular violence.
Topic: family

Ekwefi is treated like a bit of a slave (as well as the other two wives) but I don’t think Okonkwo sees it that way because in those days, the wife served the husband as if it was a kind of particular law. There are rare occasions where Okonkwo and Ekwefi do actually show their affection towards each other when it matters. Although I think Ekwefi cares more for Okonkwo than vice versa, as she was-and still is-deeply in love with him: “… she ran away from her home and husband to marry Okonkwo.
Topic: family

” When reading through some aspects of their relationship, I feel that Okonkwo sees his wives as just trophies he has collected, as he expects them to serve him and do anything he asks them to do. This idea is also proved by the fact that Achebe expresses how much Okonkwo is waited on and just how much he takes his wives for granted. “Ekwefi was first drawn to Okonkwo during a legendary wrestling match where he beat the notorious ‘Amalinze the Cat'”. Their relationship began on an extremely physical level of intimacy, but has now grown into something a little bit tenser over the years.
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This is due to Achebe’s constant interrogation of the characters, showing us that they are anything but intimate these days. Okonkwo is not the man Ekwefi thought he was when she first layed eyes on him. She is now part of an unequal companionship where the man is the king of the obi who doesn’t treat his wife as his equal. When I read the novels perception of their relationship, I feel that Ekwefi feels like being married to Okonkwo is becoming to feel like a chore because she cooks and cleans not because she wants to, but because she has to otherwise she will get a severe beating from the man who, at first, was her prince charming!
Topic: family

On the other hand I do feel as if Ekwefi is Okonkwo’s favourite wife because she has the boldness and courage to stand up to him, although he dislikes it, he can see that she is a strong and fiery character. We are also made to believe that Ezinma is also Okonkwo’s favourite daughter. I think after seeing all the downfalls in the relationship, there is something beneath Okonkwo’s surface which shows he does care, but he is not known for showing any open emotion: he thought all emotions were a sign of weakness and femininity, especially if they were shown by a man.
Topic: family

I think that Okonkwo’s reputation as the greatest wrestler in the village has certainly added to the distance between Ekwefi and himself. Whereas normal couples draw closer as the years go by, Achebe shows how Ekwefi and Okonkwo have travelled further and further apart partly due to Okonkwo’s beliefs in right and wrong: Wives are supposed to stay at home and look after the children whilst taking care of the cooking and cleaning, and their purpose in life is to serve under their husbands.
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The word “albinism” refers to a group of inherited conditions. People with albinism have little or no pigment in their eyes, skin, or hair. They have inherited genes that do not make the usual amounts of a pigment called melanin. One person in 17,000 has some type of albinism. Albinism affects people from all races. Most children with albinism are born to parents who have normal hair and eye color for their ethnic backgrounds. Albinism is found on the eleventh chromosome, section q, loci 14-21.
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The most common types of oculocutaneous albinism are called “ty-negative” and “ty-positive”. Persons with ty-negative albinism have no melanin pigmentation, and more difficulty with vision. Those with ty-positive albinism have very slight pigmentation, and generally less severe visual difficulties. Tests were done on the hair roots of individuals with albinism, to tell these types of albinism apart. However, these hair tests cannot identify types of albinism, particularly in young children, whose pigment systems are immature. Therefore hair tests are not helpful in predicting the extent of visual disability of a child.
Topic: family

The genetic defect that causes albinism in other types of albinism is unknown, but it is speculated that it involves other enzymes used to make pigment. Albinism is passed from parents to their children through genes. For nearly all types of albinism both parents must carry an albinism gene to have a child with albinism. Parents may have normal pigmentation but still carry the gene. When both parents carry the gene, and neither parent has albinism, there is a one in four chance at each pregnancy that the baby will be born with albinism. This type of inheritance is called autosomal recessive inheritance.
Topic: family

If a parent has a child with albinism, it means the parent must carry the albinism gene. Until recently, unless a person has albinism or has a child with albinism, there was no way of knowing whether he or she carries the gene for albinism. Recently a test has been developed to identify carriers of the gene for ty-negative albinism and for other types in which the tyrosinase enzyme does not function. The test uses a sample of blood to identify the gene for the tryrosinase enzyme by its DNA code. A similar test can identify ty- negative or similar albinism in unborn babies, by aminiocentesis. People with albinism have very normal lives. They play sports, have normal intelligence, and can have babies. The only difference between normal people and albino is that they don’t have pigment in their skin.
Topic: family

Every body at sometime in their lives will need an advocate of some description. Every individual can act as an advocate whether in professional support or support of a friend. Special training is not needed to be an advocate in most cases, just the ability to be able to communicate effectively in support of someone else. In the early years setting the people needing an advocate could be the children, parents, staff and outside agencies such as social services. There are many reasons for the need of an advocate.
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Members of staff have the responsibility for this when children spend time in their setting. When children enter into an early years setting they may feel nervous shy and attach themselves to one member of staff. Children may not feel confident enough to speak to other members of staff and only tell their key person their needs. This information could be passed onto other members of staff via that key person, their advocate. An advocate is not bound to pass on information to support an individual, it may be just being there to listen and talk through problems is all that is needed in support.
Topic: family

Confidentiality is also to be taken into consideration, does the child want the information passed on to others. Of course if the information needs to be passed onto others in the interests of the child this must be done. It is a childcare practitioner’s duty to work for the best interests of the child, this may involve breaking confidentiality. One example of this happened in my workplace. I work closely with a girl aged 7, she is usually a very happy well behaved child. For a few weeks I noticed her behaviour declining.
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She was getting told off in class and falling out with friends. I tried talking to her and asking her if she was ok and if there was anything worrying her. She talked to me about small problems she was having with friends and I offered her support in working out her squabbles. I was acting as her advocate being supportive to her. Eventually after other members of staff mentioned incidents I was advised by a collegue to speak to her mum. I told her of the problems she was having at school and asked if she knew of anything at home she may be worrying about.
Topic: family

Mum could not offer any reasons for her behaviour but told me problems had arisn at home that were unusual behaviour traits for her. One morning her mother dropped her off and she was very distressed and her mum asked me to take her from her and try to settle her into school. Her mother told me she didn’t know what the problem was. I took the child into a quiet room and I chatted to her about my morning until she stopped crying. She then told me her older brother went in her room every morning while she was getting changed.
Topic: family

She had asked him lots of times to leave she but he refused and he stayed in the room while getting dressed. She was obviously very distressed about it. I asked her if she had spoken to her mum about this and she said she did but she didn’t listen. I asked if she wanted me to have a word with mum about it and she said yes. Later in the day I decided to speak to our child protection co-ordinator and ask her advice. She told me to go ahead and speak to mum. The family are well known to us at school and in general the child is very happy with no particular behaviour problems.
Topic: family

I had a chat with mum and told her what her daughter had told me and suggested she had arrived at that age where she wants more privacy when getting changed. Mum said she had not been told and would have done something about it had she known it was upsetting her daughter. She also explained how busy the family are on a morning and maybe did not listen as she would normally. The family playstation is located in her daughter’s room and all the children in the family will go into that room to play on it. Mum told me she would have a word with the boys in the house.
Topic: family

This chat resolved the issue and the child came into school happily again. I acted as an advocate for the child, it was an upsetting issue for the child and she felt her mum didn’t listen to her. Other cases in school may be in abuse cases. Children may tell an adult about abuse and the member of staff must pass on this information to the child protection officer or social services. The teacher or teachers involved in the case would go to case conferences to discuss the child and comments made. They would also continue to support the child through the case.
Topic: family

The staff member would be acting as an advocate to the child. Staff in school may feel the need of an advocate, they may have issues regarding work that need discussing with the head teacher but may feel intimidated or unable to communicate well. They may use a colleague as an advocate to speak on their behalf. As a member of staff and a parent I have been asked to act as an advocate on behalf of parents. Some parents feel intimidated by their child’s class teacher and not want to raise concerns themselves but will ask other parents working in school to mention things for them.
Topic: family

I have been asked to speak to a teacher regarding homework which the parent thought was too hard for their child. The parent did not want to seem as if they were criticising the teacher by speaking directly, so asked me to mention this to the teacher as a comment I had heard. A teacher can act as an advocate by empowering children to speak up for themselves. Many PHSE lessons cover topics such as reporting bullying and understanding the rights of children in school. Children do not know their rights unless they are taught so by giving the child the knowledge of what to expect, it empowers the child to stand up for themselves.
Topic: family

He painted it sky blue when he finished. He added, to the orphanage, a church for the community. It was the first Protestant church in that coast. Papa and his sons built it. After the church was finished, Papa realized that the orphanage needed to be remodeled, modernized. With no hesitation, Papa got himself into work, he started the construction behind the old building, this time he used brick instead of wood and modern bathrooms and dorm rooms all around. Crews of American workers arrived to the place, bringing supplies and young working hands.
Topic: family

Americans will think of Papa as simple or lessened in some way because of his age. That was a mistake, Americans thought him wrong. The young people from the crew had a different perspective of the old man. Years were separating their mutual understanding. One time, an American Crew member show compassion to the old man and mentioned he was a good man and patted Papa in the head. Papa was not comfortable with that remark, and he felt impotent and unsatisfied. Papa later mentions a spontaneous remark to Urrea, “At least Pancho Villa was a gentleman. He let a man have self-respect.” This was Papa’s past experience as a soldier of Pancho Villa, a man who seemed to be his idol.
Topic: family

One day Papa decided to leave home in search of a dream he had. Mama was sad and she cried. Papa’s dream was repetitive, if you were a close friend to him he will tell you that Jesus called him. Jesus will intrude in his mind to show a barren plain. It was dead with no vegetation and isolated from any living thing. Jesus will hand him over a seed to Papa’s hand, He told Papa to plant the seed where they stood, Jesus told Papa he was to build his house there.
Topic: family

It is remarkable how things and people change over time. This changes through time make borders, separating one generation from the other. The history of a person is unique and different from the rest, and there is no copy. We, the young people of this current generation tend to add more barriers to the past generations, segregating them from us because we think of them as antiquated, old, and unusable. We become ignorant because we don’t want to believe that an older person can know more than us, we are selfish and sometimes disrespectful to our elders. A teaching from these people is rarely welcomed.
Topic: family

Borders in the sense of time, separate old people from young people. We both have different perspectives from each other. Old people think that their generation was better that they lived in a better time. Some of them think of young people as freaks, as a lost generation. Young people think that the old people’s time is gone and now we are taking over, we also tend to lessen old people, we don’t give them the importance they deserve. We make a big mistake when we do that because we are not taking advantage of the great opportunity that this aged people
Topic: family

However, there are times when this borders unifies, bringing together the past to the present, old people and young people, it is like a travel through time. When us, the young people, are willing to open our minds, we will discover that we can learn a lot from the old people. They are the ones who made the world we are living in today. I am not asking for mercy or compassion for this aged people, but all I ask is respect and tolerance. They can be the ones that can advise us on how to do things, remember that they have been through all that you are just going through.
Topic: family

Two doctors had to agree about it and it must be carried out in registered premises. And these would only be relevant if the mother’s life, health or mental health would be at risk, her existing family would suffer or if the child will be handicapped. This allowed abortions up to 28 weeks. In 1990 the time deadline was changed to 24 weeks, because with modern technology a 28 week born baby may be able to survive out of the womb.
Topic: family

You created every part of me; you put me together in my mother’s womb. I praise you because you are to be feared; all you do is strange and wonderful. I know it with all my heart. When my bones were being formed, carefully put together in my mother’s womb, when I was growing in there secret, you knew that I was there- you saw me before I was born. The days allotted to me had all been recorded in your book, before any of them ever began.
Topic: family

Catholic teachings from 1930 state that ‘human beings are made in the image of God’ therefore abortion is breaking the commandment ‘Love the Lord your God’. The Catechism of the Catholic Church states that “Human life must be respected and protected absolutely from the moment of conception. From the first moment of his existence, a human being must be recognised as having the rights of a person- among which is the inviolable right of every innocent being to life.” In the Pope’s new encyclical he says, “the killing of innocent human creatures, even if carried out to help others, constitutes an absolutely unacceptable act.” The Pope is emphasising that no that no commandment, other than ‘love your god’, is more important than this.
Topic: family

The Roman Catholic Church tries to educate all Catholics that sex should only happen inside marriage and for procreation, to create a stable family life. But also stresses that abortion is the murder of an innocent child, and breaks the rules of the Church and is punished by excommunication. Because of this they’ve got schemes which help to financially support mothers, supplying them with clothes an equipment for the baby. The first of these schemes was set up in March 1997 in Scotland, and was modelled on similar schemes run by SPUC. These financial incentives are offered to mothers to try and persuade them to keep their unborn child.
Topic: family

These teaching have been interpreted by these two denominations similarly, but with some differences. They both agree that abortion is an evil according to the bible, but whereas Roman Catholics can never see it as the best option in any circumstance, the C of E recognises that it can be the lesser of two evils in some circumstances. However the biggest difference in the two interpretations is that while the C of E encourages compassion and support to a mother who has had an abortion, the Roman Catholics have one simple answer- excommunication!
Topic: family

If a Christian concerned is a Roman Catholic then in my opinion they could never justify an abortion. This is because of the way that they interpret the teachings in the bible that I have looked at in sections ‘A’ and ‘B’. They see it as the murder of an innocent child and it is unacceptable for all cases in all circumstances. They even want the law to be changed so it reduces the number of abortions, and abortion to be recognised as murder. They also campaign for all sexual intercourse to happen inside marriage, and that sex should be for the procreation of children.
Topic: family

However under the ‘doctrine of double effect’ a Roman Catholic may allow something that would kill the foetus, if the intention of it was to do something else. This is the idea of doing an action for one effect, knowing that it will produce another effect, but not being responsible for the second effect. An example of this is removing cancerous tumour from the womb of a pregnant woman, knowing that this will kill the foetus, but it would not be an abortion, because the intention was to remove the tumour. This is probably one of the only times that a Catholic may justify an abortion, although they may not see it as an abortion.
Topic: family

In my opinion if the Christian concerned was a Church of England Christian then there would certainly be times when they could justify an abortion. Although they would never see it as good, it could be justified in some occasions. It is seen as a sad and tragic fact of life, which should be minimised as much as possible. In the C of E’s view abortion could be justified after rape, to enable the victim to recover, when the foetus is severely damaged, because its prospects are immense suffering and usually an early death, or if the mother’s life is in danger. Here abortion is justified under ‘the lesser of two evils’. Meaning that it’s not a good thing to kill the foetus, which may not even be alive, but it is better than killing the mother, who is definitely alive.
Topic: family

However, they’d definitely think that abortion was unacceptable late on in the pregnancy, or when the child could be born and adopted. There are also many other circumstances that are allowed by British law today, especially abortions for social reasons. They would like to see a change to society and the law to prevent late abortions and ‘social’ abortions. They would also like to see better sex education that emphasises responsibility and includes information about contraception. Therefore the overall number of abortions would be reduced, and less (potential) lives would be wasted.
Topic: family

Other Christian denominations are more liberal in their justification of abortions, for example Methodists. They still don’t see abortion as a good thing, but in my opinion they could justify more cases of abortion. They see abortion as undesirable, but necessary in many cases as it can prevent unnecessary suffering. This suffering could be prevented in many cases when there would be hardship or stress to the mother or family. This takes into account if the child will be able to be supported and provided for or not, and if the mother already has lots of children, whether she would be able to physically and mentally cope with another child, or if the other children would be able to handle another child. Abortions could be justified taking into account “offensive social conditions of bad housing and family poverty”. Also they would justify abortions for all the reasons that the C of E would justify abortions, e.g. after rape or when the mother’s life is at risk etc. They believe firmly that the mother is more important than the foetus. In their opinion the foetus is a potential human, but the mother is the real human, so her rights must be given priority if there is a conflict between the mother and foetus. It is seen here also as the lesser of two evils.
Topic: family

Never the less, Methodists strongly emphasise the need to support women in their choices about reproduction and pregnancy. They emphasise God’s forgiveness. Some Methodists have abortions themselves. They would like to see good contraceptive advice, more chances for women to decide what to do about unplanned pregnancies and more support for women who choose to have an abortion. As far as the current British law is concerned, they are pretty happy with it at the moment. They feel that if abortion was made illegal again, there would be one law for the rich and another one for the poor. While the rich would be able to afford to go abroad to have an abortion, there would be the return of back-street abortions, with increased risk of ill health and death, which would be the biggest waste of life, one or potentially two human lives would be wasted.