ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: family

However, each child may experience symptoms differently. (Slater ; G, 2002, pp. 68) Failure to thrive is usually discovered and diagnosed by the infant’s physician. Infants are always weighed and measured when seen by their physicians. The physician initiates a more complete evaluation when the infant’s development and functioning are found to be delayed. Blood counts, electrolyte tests and a urinalysis may also be done; these are helpful in discovering any underlying medical disorders. Swartout-Corbeil, 2005) The process of diagnosing and treating a child who fails to thrive is focusing on identifying an underlying problem. Failure to thrive has been recognized for more than a century, but it does not have a specific definition, partly because it describes a condition, not a specific disease. The condition involves children who do not receive, are unable to take in, keep in, or use the calories they need to gain weight and grow as they need to. This affects not only their biosocial development in an obvious way, but has detrimental consequences to a child’s cognitive and psychosocial development as well.
Topic: family

A child who has had failure to thrive may suffer from mockery, jokes and ridicule for their smaller size, they may be much slower intelligently than their peers, and can have a very difficult time making friends. (Benjamin, Reda, & Bassali, 2005) There are numerous factors that may contribute to a failure to thrive diagnosis, so a child’s treatment is mostly based on the child’s age, overall health, and medical history, there extent of child’s symptoms, the cause of the condition, the child’s tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies and expectations for the course of the condition. If there is an underlying physical cause, correcting that problem may reverse the condition. The doctor will recommend high-calorie foods. More severe cases may involve tube feedings, which can take place at home. A child with extreme failure to thrive may need hospitalization, during which he or she can be fed and monitored continuously. (Slater & G, 2002, pp. 84) Failure to thrive occurs because of social, emotional, economic, and interpersonal problems.
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Initial failure to thrive caused by physical defects cannot be prevented but can often be corrected before they become a danger to the child, maternal education as well as emotional and economic support systems may help to prevent failure to thrive. Encouraging parenting education courses in high school and educational and community programs may help new parents enter parenthood with an increased knowledge of an infant’s needs. Early detection and intervention can reduce the severity of symptoms, enhance the process of normal growth and development, and improve the quality of life experienced by infants and children. Bremmer ; Gavin, 2004, pp. 76-93) References Benjamin, j. , Reda, W. , ; Bassali. (2005). Failure to thrive. Retrieved from www. emedicine. com/ped/topic738. htm Bremmer, J, ; Gavin, L. (2004). The blackwell handbook of infant development (pp. 76-93). Oxford UK: Blackwood publishing. Krugman, D. S. , ; Dubowitz, H. (2003). Failure to thrive. Slater, A. , ; G. (2002). Introduction to infant development (pp. 52, 66-84 ; 94). Oxford University. Swartout-Corbeil, D. (2002). Failure to Thrive. Retrieved from www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000991. htm
Topic: family

There are many different types of child care proviso. these include: ?Mother and toddler groups- a topographic point were the yearling can socialize with other kids their age. whilst the female parent or male parent can remain and larn more ways to look after and assist with the kids development. ?Pre-school- pre-school is a private baby’s room. one that is paid for by the parent. they do non make compulsory hours and the kid doesn’t have a primary school topographic point already.
Topic: family

Some kids can travel to a school baby’s room in the forenoon and so travel to a private baby’s room in the afternoon. ?Day care- a twenty-four hours attention is for kids from the age of 3 months to 5 old ages. they have different categories for kids of different ages and the parents can drop of the kid and pick them up when they wish. Some parents merely take the kid in for one or two hours a twenty-four hours so that they have some interaction with other kids and have new experiences.
Topic: family

Creche- a creche is a bead in centre manner child care proviso. the parents do non pay a monthly fee they merely pay when they need it. creche’s are in many different topographic points such as gyms. shopping Centres and churches. in these countries the kids are looked after whilst the parents can work out. store or pray. The child care sector has changed a batch in the last 50 old ages. as society alterations so does the sector.
Topic: family

since adult females have stopped remaining at place and have stopped being the primary attention giver to the kids more childcare scenes have been needed. they have needed to do more commissariats for the kids of the working female parents and individual parents. In the last 50 old ages the figure of individual Dendranthema grandifloruoms has increased dramatically. doing it harder for them to both expression after their kids and travel to work. for this ground they have made more day cares available for these female parents. The authorities offer all 3-4 twelvemonth olds free twenty-four hours attention for up to 15 hours a hebdomad. this means female parents can so travel and work go forthing their kid at that place.
Topic: family

Also a significant reason for having children is the financial cost. A couple’s ability to fund a child and its needs is one of the main economic explanations for a high or low birth rate. The living expenses as well as other needs for children are usually very high, so individuals avoid having children. However, in LEDCs, children are a means of survival and without the extra help with bringing money in, many families cannot survive. Since most employment in LEDCs is primary industries such as farming, children are a necessity when it comes to earning enough money. This explains the high birth rate as well as a high infant mortality rate. Also, the economy influences fertility, for instance, in the years of the Depression, money was scarce and unemployment was high and there was a lower birth rate.
Topic: family

Finally, there are political factors that affect couples’ decisions to have children. A government’s Pro or Anti Natalist opinions affect the whole country such as in China, where families are only allowed to have one child by law because of the already overpopulated state. Whereas in WW2, Germany’s women were encouraged to have children with as many Aryan men as possible in order to create a ‘perfect race’. However, there are other reasons that do not fit into the categories of social, economic or political factors such as age. Greater fertility is heavily associated with a younger age, which justifies the lower fertility at an older age.
Topic: family

The crude death rate also measures deaths per 1000 per year in the total population. In terms of mortality, the categories or social and economical influences cannot be applied effectively because there are other components that affect it. For instance, morbidity is the measure of the occurrence of illness. In both MEDCs and LEDCs, different diseases and illnesses cause death. In MEDCs, degenerative diseases related to lifestyle are the main cause of deaths related to health such as cancers and heart attacks whereas people in LEDCs are much more likely to experience infectious diseases, such as Typhoid, causing high death and infant mortality.
Topic: family

This is known as the epidemiological transition, where causes of death move from infectious to degenerative diseases. Generally, there is a higher mortality because of the quality of life is lower in an LEDC. However, the development of medical services and health care in LEDCs has lowered the death rate considerably. There are political justifications for mortality such as war. Inevitably, there is a dramatic rise in death rates and a fall in birth rates after the war.
Topic: family

Even with the best technology the Western people needed to call of Shamanism and resort back to the original science. Turning to Black Elk specifically, it is important to consider the viewpoint Lyon is writing from. He states very clearly at the beginning of the book that he and Black Elk share a very close relationship of eleven years; he himself compares it to that of an uncle and nephew. Remembering this it must also be noted that Lyon is very much devoted to that of the
Topic: family

It should not be said that all poor people are sexually promiscuous by nature, and also despite their lifestyle conditions there are some people who challenge the restrictions put on the poor and attempt to escape to better things. When in search of employment many people within the impoverished society must resort to sex work. This is a choice they made in order to gain income that they can share with their disadvantaged family. In countries such as Thailand family members are supported and motivated by their kin to participate in the sex trade.
Topic: family

(224) With this information in mind, the notion that poverty stricken people are more sexually promiscuous is wrong, because at times they may have no other choice. Also contrary to what Lewis says about never escaping from a poor lifestyle, there are exceptions to everything. Not all people from a poor background will continue to live in poverty. This can be seen in the story of Esmeralda Santiago a Puerto Rican woman from a poor broken family who battles the odds and becomes educated and graduates from Harvard University with highest honors.
Topic: family

(228) Considering the above information it can be said that though Lewis make a convincing argument, people who are born into a poor family will likely grow up living the way that they are accustomed to. However, there are always exceptions and certain people who break outside the boundaries and pave the way for hope. 3) Marriage is prevalent in all cultures, each having their own specific rules and forms. Due to the differences in marriage throughout culture, the task of defining the term anthropologically is not an easy one.
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Some anthropologists have even stopped trying to attempt to find a suitable definition for the event. Due to the fact that cultures differ so greatly from each other it only makes sense that the act of marriage would fit into the believed norms of that society. Today the definition, which would best fit marriages of all cultures, is that of anthropologists Linda Stone who states “Marriage involves an intimate relation between spouses and creates in-law kin relations”. (204) This definition works very well for today’s cultures as it takes into account multiple, or same sex spouses.
Topic: family

Due to the fact that so many lifestyles are practiced and accepted around the world it is very important that the way a marriage is carried out reflects those beliefs and practices of the people involved. Personally, I believe that this variation only strengthens the anthropological understanding of marriage. Knowing that there is such a variety of marriages being performed, anthropologists are forced to view them all holistically as not to exclude or ignore a specific one. Being exposed to all the different types of marriage only allows for an anthropologist to better understand the different ways people live and what their beliefs are.
Topic: family

focuses heavily on the relationship between a father and his daughters and shows the effects of favouritism on all their lives. I will be focussing on the presentation of the relationship between King Lear and his youngest, and favourite daughter, Cordelia. King Lear is an elderly man, quick tempered and foolish. Cordelia is a brave yet respectful young lady, expected of a woman in the patriarchal society at the time the play was set.
Topic: family

In the beginning scenes, Lear seems slightly foolish and greedy, because he wants his daughters to express his love for him in the best way possible. Goneril and Regan express their love towards their father. Shakespeare uses a number of techniques to portray their false professions of love, including exaggeration. For example “I love you more than word can wield the matter” (Act 1 Scene 1). This was said, because Goneril assumed and assumed correctly that, that was what Lear wanted to hear.
Topic: family

In the play, the first indication of Goneril and Regan’s evil is their insincere professions of love. Because the language that Shakespeare chooses is excessive and over-flattering, an audience recognizes the disingenuousness of the words immediately. On the other hand, the audience recognizes Cordelia as the truthful child, although she appears rebellious. Her words are touching, because she expresses her love to her father simply.
Topic: family

Shakespeare portrays Cordelia as a sad, strong and very stubborn character. This is evident, when Cordelia professes her love to her father: “I cannot heave my heart into my mouth: I love your majesty according to my bond; no more, no less.” (Act 1 Scene 1). From this point, Cordelia is realising that her father cannot possess all her love. In this conversation, the audience sees Cordelia ‘disregard’ her father, although after numerous chances to restructure her profession, Cordelia determinedly refuses to exaggerate her feelings. She only says she loves her father as a daughter should love her father. From the phrase, “I love your majesty according to my bond; no more, no less,” Shakespeare is able to convey that Cordelia is telling Lear that he should not have to ask how much she loves him-it is part of her duty to do so. The audience sees Cordelia as an honest, stubborn, strong and in some ways gullible, which Shakespeare has effectively implied. Cordelia is represented as a rebellious character though, when the audience in the 16th/17th century were part of a patriarchal society, when the society was controlled by men, and women were looked down upon. Insolence was forbidden. But Shakespeare has portrayed a very strong woman, who defies and exclaims what she believes in.
Topic: family

Lear’s three daughters are all eloquent and well-educated women. However, where Regan and Goneril use their intellect to manipulate, deceive and scheme, Cordelia has a rational, honest approach that means her words are few, but all are genuine. Shakespeare has done this, because he wants to illustrate the personality clashes, within the whole family. He uses insults and tension when portraying the deteriorating relationship between Cordelia and her father. The relationships evident in just the beginning of the story highlight the tragedy that was yet to unfold. Despite her father’s obviously growing anger, Cordelia remains calm and refuses to participate in his stubborn game. In fact, it seems that, of the three daughters, Cordelia has become most like her father. She certainly seems to have inherited his stubborn streak.
Topic: family

In conclusion, Shakespeare produces a huge impact on the audience, with some surprising and at times unsurprising consequences to show King Lear and Cordelia’s relationship. The play is a tragedy, playing on themes of loyalty and betrayal. Lear and Cordelia’s relationship, did not develop during the play, as Cordelia was absent through the mid acts, but we see her inputting a huge impact on Lear in the beginning scenes, which the audience recognizes effects his actions and consequences later in the play. Their relationship is of honesty and not false love as Goneril and Regan portrayed. It is as Cordelia said: – “I love your majesty according to my bond; no more, no less.” It is a respectable father-daughter bond, and they understand one another vastly. Lear and Cordelia’s alikeness, however did unfortunately cause the tension in the beginning scene, but their differences, that Shakespeare has implied successfully, was what kept them in their father-daughter bond, which is evident at the end of the play, when Lear mourns Cordelia’s loss. William Shakespeare has effectively presented Cordelia and Lear’s relationship as a very complex yet fascinating relationship.
Topic: family

Therefore Lord Capulet is very radical as he says, “my will to her consent is but a part”. Meaning that Juliet will have the last say in the matter would be seen, as beyond the norm as most fathers would choose the groom with out any input from his daughter. However, Juliet is the Capulet’s last sibling and technically all hopes rest on her “she is the hopeful lady of my earth”, this shows respect and love he has for her.
Topic: family

For example “earth threading stars that make dark heaven light” translating the young women will look so stunning that they shall shadow heaven. Lord Capulet comes across as the epitome of love and affection. As a parent, he is kind, considerate and proud to be Juliet’s father. Also, he seems reluctant to let Juliet go and let her grow up. The differences between fathering then and now are that fathers give their children freer rein and independence as opposed to the controlled and contrived Juliet in those times. He talks about Juliet as the only love of his life and all his hopes and expectations rest on her; this is a lot to ask of a fourteen-year-old girl. That is another difference between the times; for a girl to marry at fourteen in our times is illegal, but in those days fourteen would be seen as quite old the quote “younger than she are happy mothers made” reinforces it.
Topic: family

Lady Capulet’s relationship at the beginning is quite cold and distant almost as if Juliet is not that important. In the medieval times all the work (cleaning, weaning.) would be done by “wet nurses” this was common practise with the aristocrats of the era. As a result Lady Capulet would be quite detached of Juliet. Also as a woman, Lady Capulet would not have much say in things to do with Juliet’s welfare.
Topic: family

As a character Lady Capulet she is quite ambiguous and quietly blends into the background, with the exception of a couple sharp remarks “Here comes your father, tell him so yourself; and see how he’ll take at your hands”. She just lets Juliet defend her self even though she is highly vulnerable at the moment. Also another observation of the relationship is that it is very impersonal and instead of addressing Juliet with warmth and love, Lady Capulet says “my daughter Juliet”.
Topic: family

The pivotal point of the relation ship between Juliet and her parents happens in Act 3 scene 5, where Tybalt is killed in a fit of rage by Romeo (Juliet’s lover/husband). When Juliet hears have this she is distraught and confused. This is where the calamity of the situation becomes apparent. Lord Capulet enters and is unhappy to see his daughter and tries consoles her,” how now a conduit, girl… What still in tears?”
Topic: family

This confusion escalates into anger and throws all kinds of insults at Juliet. He even goes on to insult the nurse “peace you mumbling fool” and treats her with no respect that she would deserve as his child’s sole protector for fourteen years. Examples are “mistress minion” meaning a prostitute, which translates that Lord Capulet sees his daughter’s love as a sin. “You tallow face!” simply means ugly faced, this shows that the value of his only daughter has gone drastically down. “Green sickness carrion” meaning a disease carrion shows that Lord Capulet is now resorting to bullying tactics. “Wretched pulling fool” is another example of this. The last quote “out on her hiding” being the worst as in those days the threat of being thrown out would be the end of the world as you would not have the experience or the independence as apposed to us in this era we are very independent and can probably survive.
Topic: family

The most unusual thing in all of this is the shock of Lord Capulet shock to Juliet’s answer. He almost is shocked at the audacity his daughter has to refuse him. This is an unexpected reaction that we as readers would not expect, wasn’t he a man a couple of acts a go saying that Juliet’s decision is the most important. Now we start to wonder was he at all liberal to start with or was it a ploy to get Juliet to consent and make him look good or was it that he never thought that Juliet would ever refuse. Lady Capulet’s reaction to this full-blown family argument is to take the back seat and makes no noticable attempt to save her daughter and lets Lord Capulet throw all these insults at their only daughter. The only feeble attempt she makes is “you are too hot”. Which is Lady Capulet trying to calm Lord Capulet’s hot temperament. Lady Capulet even goes on to even disown Juliet “do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee” Which shows Lady Capulet has given in to Juliet and therefore washes her hands of her. This is the last nail in the coffin for Juliet. Romeo and the nurse are now her only remaining pillars of strength.
Topic: family

There is a very dramatic change in Lord Capulet’s personality he goes from a loving father to a fuming hothead, all this from a refusal. In his time this would not be uncommon some might even say is what Juliet deserved, but in our time this is seen as brutal, and inconsiderate. All in all the relation ship between Juliet and her parents completely disintegrates as a consequence of Juliet’s forbidden love. In those days her parents’ reaction would not be uncommon and would be quite expected. The language used to convey this is a mixture of expression and cleverly chosen imagery.
Topic: family

Mother enters, greets baby, then picks up baby. Meanwhile, stranger leaves unobtrusively. As a group, babies explored the playroom and the toys more enthusiastically when the mother was present than either after the stranger entered or when the mother was absent. However, Ainsworth was interested in the unexpected variety of reunion behaviours. This is because these behaviours form an important part of the baby’s attachment to the mother. These behaviours were classified in terms of 3 types of attachment:
Topic: family

A sensitive mother sees things from her child’s point of view, she would interpret it’s signals correctly and respond to its needs. She is accessible, comforting, understanding and accepting. It is sensitive mothers who have securely attached children, and insensitive mothers who have insecurely attached children. According to Lamb et al. (1985), the Strange Situation is “… the most powerful and useful procedure ever available for the study of socioemotional development in infancy”. Ainsworth et al.’s classification system is generally regarded as very reliable and has been used in a large number of studies in which attachment has been the major dependent variable.
Topic: family

A child’s attachment style my change though as shown by Vaughn et al (1979). These are not the only attachment types that have been identified. Main (1991) found that in a series of more recent studies (for example Main et al. 1985), many children proved to be unclassifiable in terms of type A, B and C, they showed a mixture of disorientated and disorganised behaviours. This type was classified as type D behaviour called – insecure-disorganised/disorientated (Main, 1991).
Topic: family

One interpretation of attachment type (which is based on the Strange Situation) is that it measures a fixed characteristic of the child. But if the family circumstances change, for example mothers stress levels rise, this child may be classed differently. This couldn’t happen if attachment types were a permanent characteristic. Similarly, attachments to mothers and fathers are independent. So one child could be securely attached to its mother, but insecurely attached to its father. This shows that attachment patterns derived from the Strange Situation reflect qualities of distinct relationships, rather than characteristics of the child.
Topic: family

Cross-cultural studies have also revealed important differences both within and between cultures. In an early study which didn’t include the Strange Situation, Ainsworth found very similar patterns of infant distress on separation from the mother among the Ganda people of Uganda and among American infants. Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1998) carried out a major review of 32 worldwide studies using the strange situation, involving over 2000 infants. They found that;
Topic: family

An example of this is that Japanese children are rarely separated from their mothers, so that her departure is the most distressing episode, while for the children raised in Israel kibbutzim it is the entrance of the stranger which is the main source of distress. Also some studies have not always used the same identical, standard procedure, as when episodes 3 and 5 were missed out in one Japanese study as the mothers were so uneasy (Durkin, 1995). The strange situation is the most widely used method for assessing infant attachment to a caregiver.
Topic: family

Amanda Atkins ERR Assignment 08/12/11 Q. Describe the terms and conditions of your employment as set out in your contract of employment. A. During my employment with Casterbridge, they may need to hold personal data, details of criminal record and medical data. Casterbridge will ensure that this information is held securely in personnel files and will not disclose this information to others outside the operations department or line management structure, except in case of relevant medical information in a medical emergency or as required by law.
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Casterbridge may also need to hold some information for equal opportunities monitoring purposes, such as age, sex, sexuality, race, religion and any disability. When I signed the contract, I was agreeing to Casterbridge collecting, holding and using this information in this way. My employment was subject to the receipt of satisfactory references and if necessary, a medical assessment. My employment was also subject to the receipt of satisfactory, full background checks through the Criminal Records Bureau, or other appropriate Approved Body and receipt of a ‘suitable persons’ letter from Ofsted.
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A. You must inform your employer if you change your name, change your address, are off work because of sickness or if you want to change your nnual leave. Q. Describe the procedure to follow if you wanted to raise a grievance at work. A. There are three stages to the grievance procedure. The first thing to do is to try and resolve the grievance informally by way of discussion between those directly involved. If you are not happy with the outcome you can go to stage one. Stage one; If the grievance is not resolved in the informal way then you should put the grievance in writing as soon as possible and send it to your line manager.
Topic: family

The line manager will then invite you to a grievance hearing where the matter will be fully discussed. After the meeting the line manager will, within five working days, inform you of their decision and of your rights to take the complaint further if you are still not happy with the outcome. Stage Two; You will have a maximum of three working days after being informed of the decision to put your grievance in writing to the nursery’s Director of Childcare (Tracy Smith) stating the grounds for the complaint and the reasons for dissatisfaction with the decisions.
Topic: family

The Director of Childcare will invite you to a grievance hearing at which the matter will be fully discussed. Within five working days after this meeting you will be informed by the Director of Childcare of their decision and of your right to take the matter even further if you are not happy with the decision. Stage three; You will have a maximum of three working days after being informed of the decision to put your grievance in writing to the Operations Director (Matthew Moore) stating the grounds for the complaint and the reasons for dissatisfaction with the decisions so far.
Topic: family

The Operations Director will invite you to a grievance hearing at which the matter will be fully discussed. Within five working days after this meeting you will be informed by the Director of Childcare of their decision. This decision is final. If your grievance is against a line manger then you should take up the stages of grievance procedure with the Nursery Manager (stage one) If your grievance is against the Nursery Manager then you should take up the stages of grievance procedure with the Director of Childcare. stage two) If your grievance is against the Director of Childcare then you should take up the stages of grievance procedure with the Operations Director (stage three) If the grievance is taken up at stage three, then the Managing Director, if necessary, will hear the right of appeal. Q. Explain the agreed ways of working with your employer in relation to the following areas: 1. Data protection 2. Grievance 3. Conflict management 4. Anti-discriminatory practice . Health & safety 6. Confidentiality 7. Whisleblowing xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Q. Explain how your role contributes to the overall delivery of the service provided. A. As we (as nursery nurses) are the ones that spend time with the children and look after them, we are the first contact for not only the children but for their parents too. So it’s very important that we are seen as professional and competent people at all times.
Topic: family

I, as an individual, work alongside a small team of professional childcare workers to support, inspire, care for and look after all the children within my care. I will maintain a safe environment for the children to explore, learn and play in. I am polite to other staff, children and parents and communicate well with everyone. Q. Explain how you could influence the quality of the service provided by; a. following best practise within your work role, b. not carrying out the requirements of your role. A. a.
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Following best practise within my work role would mean good role model for the children and other members of staff, ensure everyone else is doing what he or she should be, support each other, give feedback to each other to help keep a high level of standards are kept, ensure the children are happy which makes the parents happy and that gives the nursery a good reputation, which in turn means more customers, have peer observation sheets to encourage high standards of care, reviews with our assessors and management to improve our own practice.
Topic: family

Together we all contribute to a well-run successful nursery. A. b. Not carrying out requirements of role would result in low staff morale, lazy staff, staff being laid off, children not achieving, staff neglecting children, unhappy parents and children, Ofsted could close the nursery down, low standards of care, children wont feel safe and secure, put everyone entering nursery at risk of harm, nursery would be unsafe, possible death of a child, give bad reputation, safeguarding issues and loss of earnings. Q.
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Describe how your own work must be influenced by national factors such as Codes of Practice, National Occupational Standards, Legislation and Government Initiatives. A. As a nursery nurse you need to follow rules and regulations set out by different governing bodies such as Ofsted, EYFS and welfare requirements. For example if we wanted to take the children on a trip to the park we would have to insure they would be learning something relating to the EYFS and that we followed all the safety rules set out by Ofsted and that we had enough staff to supervise the children adequately. Q. . Identify two different representative bodies which influence your area of work. b. Describe the role of the two representative bodies you have identified. A. a. Health and safety and Ofsted A. b. Health and safety laws set out regulations for everyone to follow to prevent accidents and injury. All setting and staff must follow these regulations and implement health and safety procedures such as risk assessments. Everyone working with children must be registered with Ofsted. They then monitor and inspect against national standards of practice for care and education of children.
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This will happen every three years and marked against unsatisfactory, satisfactory, good and outstanding. Task C Career Pathway There are various progression routes available to all who work with Casterbridge and the sector. Level 2 Certificate leads on to Level 3 Diploma – Room Manager, third in charge, Deputy Manager Level 3 Diploma leads on to Foundation Degree – Deputy Manager, Midwifery, Social work My personal career pathway plan is to complete the Level 3 Diploma then become a room manager then train to be an Assessor for Casterbridge.
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NVQ assessors support and assess learners that are working towards their National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs). An NVQ Assessor will assess and train learners in order for them to gain the occupational standards needed to achieve their qualification. NVQ assessors plan and deliver NVQ training programmes and workshops, they work closely with their candidates and they are also expected to work closely with in house training staff and direct managers. They provide feedback and guidance to learners as well as following the standards of the NVQ awarding bodies.
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I would need to do a NVQ Assessor qualification. If I have any questions about which route to take or how to train to become an Assessor I can ask my Assessor Jane Waldren. I could also ask my manager Carole Grimes for advice on which course to attend. Task D Presentation or report Prepare a presentation or report on an issue or area of public concern related to the care profession. Child Abuse. Vanessa George was living in Plymouth in 2009 and worked in a nursery. She sexually abused up to 30 infants (some of which were under a year old) in her care.
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The Plymouth Safeguarding Children Board detailed a number of lessons learnt from the abuse, including the danger of mobile phones within day care settings, and an urgent need to develop effective staff supervision. As a result of Vanessa George’s actions there are stricter rules and tougher consequences for nursery workers that use a mobile phone or camera at work. In the year 2000, an eight year old girl, Victoria Adjo Climbie (2 November 1991 – 25 February 2000) was tortured and murdered by her guardians (her great-aunt Marie-Therese Kouao and Kouao’s boyfriend Carl Manning).
Topic: family

Her death led to a public inquiry and produced major changes in child protection policies in England. It was Victoria Climbie’s death that was largely responsible for the formation of the Every Child Matters initiative, the Children Act 2004, ContactPoint project, a government database designed to hold information on all children in England and the creation of the Office of the Children’s Commissioner chaired by the Children’s Commissioner for England. Every Child Matters covers children and young adults up to the age of 19, or 24 for those with disabilities.
Topic: family

Its main aims are for every child, whatever their background or circumstances, to have the support they need to be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and achieve economic well-being. Some families believe they should be able to punish their children how they see fit and that its nobody else’s business but we have to put the child’s well being first. After all, a child can still be punished without using physical harm to the child for example, if the child loves to play with his or her Xbox then you simply restrict the time they are allowed to play on it.
Topic: family

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, also referred to as CBT is an approach that “focuses on thought processes and how these might be maladaptive” (Sanders P 2009 p 58). The following literature review will explore and summarise four selected pieces of research that look at the use of CBT in the treatment of childhood anxiety and how effective it is. The term childhood in this case is referred to as children aged between 4 and 7 years. The term anxiety as referred to in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is an Anxiety Disorder which is a psychological condition (DSM-IV 2010).
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g. and, or, not. You are also able to select where you would like the keywords to be i.e. in the title (TI) in the text (TX) etc. The use of a question mark inside the spelling of behavio?r would also assist the search by checking all the variations of spellings i.e. behavioral/behavioural. The use of a truncation (*) next to the word child* will check all the synonyms of a word i.e. child, children, childhood (EBSCO 2011). To refine the search further limiters such as ‘only scholarly (peer reviewed) articles’ in the ‘full text’ version produced a more manageable result.
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One of the selected research articles was a summary of an original paper written in Brown University letter (2010). To obtain the full pdf version of Hirschfield-Becker’s team’s (2010) research article, EBSCO presented a ‘find it’ search tool which enables a search in other databases such as OVID SP (2011). The full paper was found for use in OVID SP (2011). A recent journal article written in 2011 was found but was only available as an abstract (Van der Leeden et al 2011). The full electronic version was available to purchase at other Universities or by post which can take up to 3 weeks to deliver. Unfortunately this option did not allow enough time for this essay, but it would be an option to bear in mind for future research projects such as a dissertation.
Topic: family

Having read the four chosen research papers the following thematic literature review should aim to address the question of the effectiveness of CBT in childhood anxiety and highlight similarities or conflicts between the selected researches (McLeod 2003). On reading the articles in detail it became apparent that CBT was proven to be 83% effective in the treatment of anxiety in children aged 4 onwards after a 1 year follow up1 (Hirshfield-Becker 2010). It was based on the collaboration of numerous factors that ordained a successful outcome (Hirshfield-Becker 2010, Gosh 2006, Monga 2009, Surveg 2006). Factors such as parental involvement (Surveg 2006) the competence of the therapist (Gosh 2006) and variations to the methods used. (Gosh 2006, Monga 2009, Hirshfield- Becker 2010)
Topic: family

The methodologies used in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy included a method known as the Coping Cat Program (Kendall et al 1992). The Coping Cat Program incorporates skill building and relaxation techniques to help soothe the anxious child. This method was used in all the chosen research articles and was concluded as successful (Surveg 2006, Gosh 2006, Monga 2009 & Hirshfield-Becker 2010). The ultimate goal of CBT with anxious youth is for the child to gain a sense of mastery over his/her anxiety (Kendall & Hedtke 2006) and the Coping Cat program assists with this. Hirshfield-Beckers (2010) team adapted Kendall’s (2006) method slightly, for its use with younger children. They included games and immediate positive reinforcement and greater parental involvement to reinforce coping strategies.
Topic: family

Through parent/therapist only sessions questionnaires where offered to evaluate the child’s condition and also increase awareness of the symptoms of anxiety disorders (Surveg 2006, Gosh 2006, Monga 2009, and Hirshfield-Becker 2010). Techniques for relieving stress where also discussed as tools for themselves and the anxious child (Hirshfield-Becker 2010). The families chosen for the research all tend to be from middle class, semi-professional or professional two parent families (Surveg 2006, Gosh 2006, Monga 2009 and Hirshfield-Becker 2010). This raises the question whether anxious children who are from a less fortunate background may or may not benefit from CBT? (Dodd 2011). Dodd (2011) later reviews Hirshfield-Beckers (2010) research and look into the limitations of the results when CBT is applied to lower income and less well-educated participants.
Topic: family

Other areas in the research looked at the importance of the therapeutic relationship. Different combinations of parent/child/therapist participation where experienced. For example a group of 5-8 children with their parent or parents and a therapist or a child, the parents and a therapist (Monga 2009) It was not entirely clear from Monga’s team (2009) which combination was more effective, we can only assume from the positive outcome that all variations where effective for some anxiety disorders (Gosh 2006).
Topic: family

Serveg (2006) looked at the benefits and barriers in parental involvement and the team highlighted the importance of parent/therapist rapport which would enable a deeper understanding for all regarding the child’s anxiety. Parental involvement would offer the therapist feedback regarding the home, school and social environment of the child and also offer a gauge in the progression of treatment (Surveg 2006). The therapist is then able to tailor the treatment to address the specific needs of the child (Surveg 2006). Another advantage to parental participation is the interpretation of the child’s choice of language when talking about their anxieties or recalling a feeling (Surveg 2006).
Topic: family

A child’s response to a therapists question could be questionable as a child of four may not be able to interpret their true feelings about a situation. This may result in the child becoming disengaged in therapy or avoid-ant in social circumstances or other relationships (Gosh 2006). A parent’s interpretation and insight can often assist the therapist in deciphering the child’s message. This is not always the case though and a parent could also hinder the process of change. For example a parent could feel the need to ‘rescue’ the child or the parent might themselves be depressed, this may impact greatly on the child’s behaviour (Surveg 2006). Hirshfield -Becker (2010) addressed this issue by creating a play exercise that enabled the child space and re-educated the parents perception of what is real danger and what could be their own fear. The parents could project their own anxieties about a situation which could if turn exasperate the child’s anxiety or create a new one.
Topic: family

Child anxiety is among the most common of mental health disorders and if left untreated could have a worsening effect later on in adolescence and throughout adult hood (Gosh 2006). Childhood anxiety is often left undiagnosed and those fortunate to receive therapy such as CBT have a greater chance to resolve anxieties such as Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Panic Attacks among others noted in the DSM-IV (2010). It became obvious throughout the reviewed research that parental involvement hugely effects a positive outcome. Points to consider for further research could include the question ‘Is CBT effective without parental involvement?’
Topic: family

Most agree that further research should be considered to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of further interventions (Surveg 2006, Monga 2009,Hirshfield-Becker 2010). If parental involvement facilitates treatment then the parents involvement in the origins of the anxiety disorder should also be considered, it is often said that in the illness lies the cure. To explore child anxiety further It would be beneficial research to look at the parental involvement in the child’s anxiety this could be addressed through a more long term therapy program such as the Person Centred Therapy approach (Rogers 1951) or Transactional Analysis (Berne 1961). CBT seems to offer a quick solution to alleviate symptoms, but to get to the route of the anxiety and arrest it completely other modalities of psychotherapy could be considered.
Topic: family

Situational Analysis Both individuals come from traditional families and are career orientated people. Karen believes the women in her life were career women but this is not entirely true. Her father held an executive job that forced continuous movement. Where as her mother held a ‘traditional’ position as a school teacher and she was not permitted to have work “interfere with home life and child- rearing responsibilities”. On the other hand, Ross had a mother who devoted herself to the well-being of her husband and son.
Topic: family

Sir Francis Bacon’s famous quote, “Knowledge is power” is one explanation of why we, not just as learners, but human beings, have the desire to seek knowledge. Our innate desire to seek knowledge can be said to be mankind’s method of attaining greater wisdom by answering age-old questions such as the meaning of life. Therefore, the accumulation of knowledge over our lifetime is inevitable. The motives that provide the fuel for mankind’s quest for knowledge widely varies.
Topic: family

The possibility of punishments and penalties cause us to become more aware of certain things. We learn to become more prepared in order to avoid having to face our fears. An example of this is McMath Secondary. The school was built to resist fires and earthquakes, therefore decreasing the possibilities of having to face our fear of the school burning down or being destroyed during an earthquake. The next group of influences which motivate us to seek out different strands of knowledge is social factors.
Topic: family

Our upbringing has a heavy influence on our personality and character, therefore having an influence on what we decide to learn in school and out of school as well as our interests. For example, children who were sent to learn how to play instruments from an early age would likely have different interests than those who were sent to golf lessons from an early age. Our family’s expectations and limitations also play a role in what we are ‘allowed’ to do, or what they will accept of us.
Topic: family

If a poor family requires their child to help with the business and cannot afford the school tuition fees, that child will likely never develop the desire to seek out certain types of knowledge that is offered in educational institutions, such as geography, history or chemistry. Society in general is a huge influence in our interests. Although it may not affect everyone’s interests, the majority will be affected. Gender roles, stereotypes as well as friends and mainstream culture will have a significant impact on what is deemed acceptable and what is not.
Topic: family

Personally, although all of the mentioned factors have influenced me in a large way, social factors and self-improvement have had the greatest impact on me. The ultimate desire for happiness has led me to learn different instruments, listen to a wide variety of music and attempt to give back to the community. I believe that the pursuit of knowledge will ultimately guide mankind to the path of worldwide happiness. For myself, as a knower, the desire to seek out certain types of knowledge has been driven by the pursuit of happiness.
Topic: family

It is interesting in this scene how seriously Peter takes the ‘deal’ that they made, it is almost a hint of adult nature, this maybe to show how maturely the children deal with their situations. The next scene contained the fight between John and Peter, this is very important in the play as it is the part in the play when Peter looses his position as the ‘leader’ and becomes second best and the other characters have another person to look up and start to discuss the possibilities of this new leader figure; who could he beat, what might happen ect.
Topic: family

(Hetherington, 2009) states ‘Shopping is a part of what social scientists call consumption and many social scientists suggest we now live in a consumer society. A large proportion of shopping now occurs in one of the four big supermarkets (Tesco’s Sainsburys, Asda and Morrisons), with many of us shopping weekly in these places. (Bevan, 2006) says ‘ … Tesco’s, Sainsburys’s, Asda and Morrisons – take nearly three out of every four pounds that are spent on food and groceries in the UK’. Their increasing size has given the big supermarkets huge amounts of market and buying power.