ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
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Furthermore. the Sony PlayStation selling schemes adapt its characteristics to the U. K. market on technique for the gambling experience compared to other international geographic markets that provides handiness to upgrade characteristics. The Sony PlayStation focuses on the rubrics for the picture game console produced to solidify their lead in specific game rubrics. The PlayStation 3 competes with Microsoft’s Xbox 360 and Nintendo’s Wii as portion of the coevals of video game systems that distinguishes the PlayStation by its incorporate online gambling service. the PlayStation Network.
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The theoretical construct that Sony Company Entertainment incorporates is based on the apprehension to the international markets that the house concentrates on adaptability that secures a keeping on the demographic both offline and online. The steadfast geographic locations. specifically in markets that catered to the merchandise demographics interets nowadayss more a direct involvement to the game rubrics and proficient online handiness. Furthermore. the Sony PlayStation contrasts with old game developer’s perceptual experience on how Sony’s selling scheme for the on-line drama to inculcate advertisement support suitably ( Porter. 2004:89 ) .
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However. the Xbox coevals picture game console expanded the landscape to show Microsoft’s 2nd raid in wining their undertakings in the international launch ( Bowen. 2000 ) . The promotional scheme for the Xbox 360 focal points on opening an surrogate world game rubric choices chiefly in the USA and the Microsoft Corporation primary focal point is to divide resources for merchandises exposure in U. K. for the selling scheme. The focal point on the U. K. is chiefly due to the reported gross revenues that have slowed due to the oncoming of the Nintendo Wii merchandise launch that counteracts Microsoft Corporation attack ( Xbox.
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com. 2008 ) . Therefore. the Microsoft Corporation scheme is to perforate the domestic and planetary markets with beforehand ocular impact engineering by showing the merchandise on an on-line community’s web sites. The Xbox trade name individuality has grown in the internatinal markets over the old ages along with association to the British and American populace ; hence. the trade name individuality provides an advantage in procuring the trade name equity compared to Sony PlayStation and Nintendo Wii.
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However. the Xbox selling scheme for the merchandise concentrates on the adaptability and trade name trueness in the United States the on traveling attack is to strenghten itself in U. K. and international markets. The step implemented by playthings and games companies such as Microsoft Corporation Xbox. Nintendo. and other matching companies provides the necessity of the construct for consumers to use the merchandises in a different manner instead than an ordinary manner ( Nintendo. com. 2008:3 ) .
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The plaything and game engineering scheme is to supply more attractive package adaptability with originative tools to play the picture game to solidify the consumer base. The merchandise offers the proficient capablenesss on the online selling to solidify the mark market population for inculcating the product’s trade name equity. The 3 most Opportunities and 3 most Threats Identified The three most chance for the plaything and game industry is the companies beginnings of information on demographics. distribution to international markets from economic graduated table. and the market is susceptible to “crazes” that encouragement volume gross revenues for a specific point.
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These benefits of utilizing demographic cleavage for aiming a kids population audience is the addition of the portion of the client in the market. high client equity. and trade name equity that provides continued growing for concern operations. The edifice of profitable relationships with them is the foundation of marketing direction ( Mantel. Mereidith. Shafer. and Sutton. 2008:11 ) . The expression for the selling direction docket is the doctrine for a design program that empowers the trade name idenitiy through effectual customer-driven selling scheme ( Thill and Bovee. 2007:88 ) .
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The chance creates a huge tendency towards a specific merchandise point that at times transcends the available expendable family income that genuinely hike gross revenues. Therefore. the ability to alter attempts to happening. pulling. and turning the mark demographic from younger kids to somewhat older kids proves good by superior client value ( Kotter. 1996:1 ) The identified three menaces are kids acquiring older making a shorter merchandise shelf life. many merchandises are planetary but disregarding local markets. and toys and games company has to vie with for consumer outgos during high purchasing season I.
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e. Christmas. Therefore. the chase to successfully use the R & A ; D informations to explicate merchandises that adapts to turning kids to cut down shelf-life. nevertheless. companies that do non put accordlying in R & A ; D lose a important portion in the demographic cleavage ( Saunders. 2007:55 ) . The focal point attempt required to equilibrating the selling scheme non merely globally but locally provides a strong clasp on the trade name stalwart to farther trade name equity.
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Respectively. the step to get plaything and game trade name influence both globally and locally markets requires the needful information to sections of the targeted demographics to when to efficaciously market during low periods of family disbursement. Therefore. the methods to accomplishing and pull offing the plaything and game company trade name individuality to set up a “familiarity” from the client base that produces merchandise high quality through trade name value proposition. Mentions – 30 Key Note ( 2007 ) The Key Note Report 2007 21st Edition. Edited by James Manley. Retreived December 23. 2008. Published day of the month May 2007
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Emeraldinsight. com ( 2008 ) The Emerald Insight Review. Retrieved December 22. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. emeraldinsight. com ASA. org ( 2008 ) The Ad Standards Authority. Retrieved December 28. 2008. from World Wide Web. asa. org. uk Carol. co. United Kingdom ( 2008 ) Annual Report Online. Retrieved December 26. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. carol. co. uk Chitty. W. & A ; Barker. N. & A ; Shimp. T. A. ( 2005 ) . Integrated Selling Communications. Melbourne: Nelson. Pelsmacker. Patrick ( 2006 ) Marketing Communicationss: A European Perspective. Financial Times/ Prentice Hall ; 3 edition
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Porter. Michael ( 2004 ) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Rivals. Free Press ; New Ed edition Saunders. Mark ( 2007 ) Research Methods for Business Students. Financial Times/ Prentice Hall ; 4 edition Schein. Edgar ( 2004 ) Organizational Culture and Leadership. Jossey Bass ; 3rd Edition Baye. Michael R. . ( 2009 ) Managerial Economics and Business Strategy Fifth Edition. Retrieved from August 2. 2008. McGraw-Hill / Irwin. Boston. MA Bryman. Alan. ( 2007 ) Business Research Methods. Oxford University Press ; 2Rev Ed edition
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Burnes. Bernard. ( 2004 ) Pull offing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organizational Dynamics. Financial Times/ Prentice Hall ; 4 edition Cameron. Ester. ( 2004 ) Making Sense of Change Management: A Complete Guide to the Models. Tools and Techniques of Organizational Change. Kogan Page Ltd PlayStation. com ( 2008 ) The Official Website of Sony PlayStation. Retrieved from July 27. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. playstation. com Nintendo. com ( 2008 ) The Official Website of Nintendo. Retrieved from July 25. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nintendo. com
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USA Today. ( 2005 ) Tech Gaming. Retrieved from July 29. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. usatoday. com/tech/gaming/2005-11-21-xbox-rivals_x. htm Sony Boasts PlayStation. ( 2008 ) The PlayStation Boasts Gross saless. Retrieved. from July 30. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. joystiq. com/2008/01/06/sony-boasts-playstation-holiday-sales-numbers/ Xbox. ( 2008 ) The Official Website of Xbox. Retrieved from July 26. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. xbox. com Armstrong. Gary. Kotler. Philip. ( 2007 ) . Selling: An Introduction. 8th Edition. Pearson. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River. New Jersey Wild. John J.
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Wild. Kenneth L. . Han. Jerry C. Y. . ( 2006 ) . International Business. The Challenges of Globalization Williams. Meri ( 2008 ) The Principles of Project Management. SitePoint Incorporated Fleming. Quentin & A ; Koppelman. Joel ( 2006 ) Earned Value Project Management. 3rd Edition. Project Management Institute Bowen. R. Brayton. ( 2000 ) . Acknowledging & A ; Honoring Employees. Journal of McGraw-Hill Professional Book Group. 2 ( 3 ) 140-141 Kelly. Joe. ( 1998 ) . Existential-Systems Approach to Managing Organizations. Journal of Greenwood Publishing Group. Incorporated. 1 ( 3 ) 122-125
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Shermerhorn. John. ( 2008 ) . Organizational Behavior. Wiley. 10 Edition Cooper. Dale. Grey. Stephen. Raymond. G. and Walker. ( 2005 ) Pull offing Hazard in Large Projects and Complex Procurements Mantel. Samuel J. Jr. & A ; Meredith. Jack R. & A ; Shafer. Scott M. & A ; Sutton. Margaret M. ( 2008 ) Project Management in Practice. John Wiley & A ; Sons. Inc. Publishing Kotter. John ( 1996 ) Leading Change. Harvard Business School Press Thill. John V. and Bovee. Courtland L. ( 2007 ) Excellence in Business Communication. Seventh Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River. New Jersey
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#20. “In order to understand other societies, all college students should be required to spend at least one of their undergraduate years studying or working in a foreign country. ” I agree that collegiate student should spend a semester abroad. Although I think that students should be given the option to study abroad and not be required to, only because some will lack interest or not have the means to travel. Traveling to a foreign country and culture will give students great opportunities to experience other cultures and peoples.
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This is imperative because you won’t be limited to only one environment or one culture and you can grow and evolve as a student and a person. Although America has its problems, it is one of, if not the freest country in the world. Traveling to another country will allow the student to experience the restrictions of some countries and in turn develop a newfound appreciation of the USA’s freedoms. Seeing the adversities that foreign people and students face daily may strongly influence the student and cause a positive and life changing understanding of the freedoms Americans have.
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Having spent a semester abroad will strongly benefit the collegiate student. It will be an experience that may set them apart for people competing for the same job. Being a more worldly person is appealing and will benefit the student greatly. Experiencing an exotic culture would be such a great experience for college students because of the benefits of being a well-rounded person, the appreciation of the home the student comes from, and an amazing life experience that they will remember for a long time. 31. “We are all influenced in lasting ways – whether positive or negative – by the particular kind of community in which we grow up. ” I agree with the statement above. The environment and people that we grow up in and around strongly influence us as young adults. We may not recognize some of these influences but the community in which we grow up in influences us for the rest of our lives. These influences can be both positive and negative.
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We can pick and choose what behaviors and values we would like to follow and the ones we do not want to reciprocate. What we don’t realize is seeing and experiencing the bad can also benefit us in a good way. Children are raised as babies almost always in one environment and one community. The same way children learn to speak from hearing their parents are guardians, is the same way they begin to develop mannerisms and a personality. When a child develops a voice they do not have the same voice as the parents, they develop their own.
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This same pattern applies to influences kids pick up, we see and process all of them and determine which ones are bad and which ones are good and choose which ones to reciprocate and follow. We as young adults need to distinguish for ourselves what behaviors and values we want to take into our adult life. Even if we grow up in a bad community we can still learn things like: make the best of the situation, put ourselves in good situations as much as possible, and learn what to take with us and what to leave behind. I personally grew up in a community that had two very different sides.
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On one side we had great people and a great environment to learn and grow in, but on a lesser note we had a dark side to the community. Although I was raised in a family with good values an a good core I saw and experienced a lot of the other side and I learned how to react t #31 – you learn from what you see, children are raised from babies and develop similar mannerisms to the people raising it – you’re culture is who you are, is your family your friends, your teachers. – children are very important because they represent the gen for the future. hat its done in front of them, how they are treated or what is done is front of them will influentiate who the kind of person they will become #10 – technology makes things easier when it is used the right way. when use in excess can have a bad repercussion in the environment, the way we behave etc. – the benefit of technology far outweighs of bad aspects (thesis) -medical technology and emergency situations -educational technology #8 – students need a break, a whole year of studies would make us have nothing to look foward to. summer is a huge part of child hood -summer is a time for kids to grow outside of school i. e. jobs and other opportunities. – #9 – school makes us well rounded individuals, society will be awefull is all we know is about one subject. – the fact that we know about history, or math, or lit. allows us to be better in our careers. we have to know how to write papers, applied math, or make a very important desicion based on what was done in society before. -these preliminary courses a lot of times allow us to choose a career path. #52. The world offers us abundant places to learn. We should not expect all of out most important lessons to be learned in the buildings we call schools. ” 52. Experience is the base of knowledge. What we learn in class is to be aPplied outside. However what we are taught not always works as easy as on the book. – the real world is unpredictable we learn when we out there trying to survive, classroom only prepare us for it -real world experience that can only be learned first hand in the “real world ” #52. “The world offers us abundant places to learn.
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We should not expect all of out most important lessons to be learned in the buildings we call schools. ” # 31. “We are all influenced in lasting ways – whether positive or negative – by the particular kind of community in which we grow up. ” #10. “Although the marvels of technology surround us every day, there are moments when we all would give anything to be freed from that technology. -I agree. I miss the days before cell phones when I was not accessable 24 7 to everyone. I think are all due some private “quite” time.
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Irina Prozorov is the youngest of three sisters, herself, Olga and Masha, and much unlike her sisters in this act, she portrays a definitive characterisation of youth on her ‘name-day’- birthday. We join Irina and her sisters on her 20th birthday, an occasion which for all should be celebratory, however the mood in the room is far from so. Irina is made to almost feel guilty that she is so happy on her ‘name-day’ due to the constant reminiscent of Olga about her father’s death and what the weather was like, how the funeral was (p1).
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To this, Irina replies ‘Why keep harking back? ‘ as if she is tired of the nostalgic aroma that surrounds her name day. Of course for Irina the pain of losing her father on her name-day would have been difficult; however she seems to have moved on a lot more successfully and quickly than her sisters. This point is stressed when Olga remarks that Irina is ‘back in white’, however the detailed stage directions tell us that Olga herself is wearing back.
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The fact that Olga says she is ‘back’ wearing white, tells us that Irina must have grieved for her father (in the appropriate way of the era – wearing black) but by being able to dress in white again tells us that she has come to terms with his death. In this Irina shows a lot of maturity for some-one so young. However, on page 21, Irina quickly stops herself from crying as she remarks ‘for me and my sisters, life hasn’t been beautiful’.
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Possibly she did not have as much time to know her father as Olga and Masha, but the fact remains that although she is the youngest sister, she has had to grow up quickly and in doing so becomes more mature than one of her age would otherwise be. Irina’s sisters seem to have many burdens weighing on them, and although Irina herself seems altogether care-free, I think this could be a burden of her own. Not being allowed to act her age, she seems a very together character, much more so than her sisters.
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As a result, when playing Irina on stage, this would need to be portrayed to the audience, perhaps through periods of distant glances, as if her mind were preoccupied. Her maturity is highlighted later in the act when she shows how aware she is that Masha ‘got married at eighteen’ when she thought her husband to be ‘the cleverest man in the world’. She is aware of what is going on around her and practically scorns at Masha for being so nai?? ve. As an audience we would need to get the impression that she feels she would not be so foolish. This could be one of the reasons she ignores the many claims of love and admiration she receives.
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However, Irina never in this act actually refuses the claims, which leads us to believe that perhaps she lavishes this attention laid on her as usually it has all been bestowed on her sisters. It is possible that as the youngest, Olga and Masha were always put before herself, leading her to feel disregarded, and as a result flattered by all the attention she receives. There are many reasons why this could be so, however it is ironic that she does disregard these declarations from Tusenbach and others, as she seems the ideal candidate for marriage, seeming to relish being involved in conversation and society.
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The actress could show this by having plenty of eye contact and by perhaps leaning forward to listen to conversations. This hidden depth to Irina remains constant through the act which leaves the audience wandering about her real feelings. Is she truly over her father’s death? And many other questions are left unanswered. This depth is accentuated by the number of times Irina stands ‘lost in her own thoughts’. Her character as a whole seems rather pensive and wistful, a fact which would need to come across to an audience as it is an important aspect of her character.
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It is possible to say that Irina becomes so wrapped in her own thoughts because her sisters have such strong opinions, and as a result hers are often shunned or patronised. A key example of this is when (p5) Irina talks of the only way to find happiness and the ‘sense and purpose of life’ is to ‘labour… and toil’. She states how ‘terrible’ it is to be a ‘young lady who rises at noon, then drinks her coffee in bed, then takes two hours to dress’. However, this is undercut by Olga who ‘laughs’ provoking Irina to an outburst; ‘You’re used to seeing me as a child, so then you find it odd when I look serious. I’m twenty!
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This frustration is another aspect of Irina’s character, perhaps at the fact that she is always dragged along with her sister’s ideas, for example, going to Moscow and how fabulous it will be. It is not evident whether she looks up to her sister’s, however I feel that when she is played, it must be with naivety. Her youthful exuberance and ‘free-spirit’ would mean Irina would need to be acted more animatedly than the other characters. Her pace in speech I feel must be faster in this act than the other characters and her wistful imagination would be shown through many different facial expressions and gestures.
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Like a young child excited about their own birthday, I would have her working around the stage in contained excitement waiting to escape. The fact that she is wearing white ads to the faraway sense of her character and therefore her character would almost be floating across the stage like a beam of light. Instead of her exuberance being mistaken for the arrogance of youth, Irina’s sweet and caring disposition which endears her so much to others would be necessary to portray. The most important aspect to Irina’s character, I feel, is her optimism.
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She constantly is shown to be looking to the future with anticipation, for example, going to Moscow and comments on life’s natural beauty, such as the weather. Instead of becoming absorbed by work such as Olga, she prefers to admire life’s pure splendour rather than be filled with so much anxiety and exhaustion that she cannot live. Instead of reminiscing about her dead parents, which would cause her angst, Irina thinks of them with fond memories; ‘I remembered… when Mama was still alive. And I can’t tell you what thoughts I felt stirring, what wonderful thoughts.
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‘ Perhaps she looks to the future a lot as she cannot wait to have parts of the lives that her sisters have e. g. marriage, work – as we already know she wants to in order to forget her woes (p21). There is a circumstance when the audience feel that she is not as strong as she seems to be, which even Irina herself highlights by saying ‘you say that life is beautiful. But supposing it only seems to be? ‘ This links to the hidden depth of her character and shows not only the vulnerable side to her character, but also the one that possesses extreme strength to keep going.
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Irina’s character is more complex, I feel, than Masha and Olga’s, whose emotions are often displayed and not hidden as Irina’ are. Irina would need to be portrayed to the audience as a character with a free-spirit and exuberant love for life. This would effectively be done through gestural movements and speech at a quicker tempo than other characters’. The costume for Irina would be non-restrictive, with light, breezy colours. Irina truly is like a summer’s breeze and when reading the play you can see her flitting around the stage.
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During conversation she would be intently listening, waiting to get her ideas in, despite being oppressed by her sisters. The other side to Irina’s character is much more pensive and a lot stronger than her physical appearance. As suggested, the pensive, ‘dreamy’ state would be portrayed by periods of quiet and faraway looks, such as when she is ‘looking out of the window’. These moments reflect her deep in thought perhaps about her parents, or the future. However, it is important that the actress does not make Irina seem to be anxious, as though something is troubling her during these periods.
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Although she has her own, very different burdens from her sisters to carry, constant looks of anxiety would portray a different message to the audience. It is essential that the faraway looks are due to her imagination and not because she has other things on her mind. Perhaps when she is talking to Tusenbach, when she starts to cry, this scene would be played with intense emotions to show that sometimes, she does look to the past but has learnt to persevere for the sake of her sisters. As they have always had to mother her, she feels as if they should not have to all the time now, and in her own way wishes to protect them.
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Another scene to highlight her strength and maturity is the first, when Olga is told to stop ‘harking back’. This would need to be played with an exasperated tone as the audience get the impression Olga is constantly recollecting about their dead parents and Irina only wants to look forward, instead of living in the past. The audience will feel that Irina has had to grow up quickly with the troubles she has experienced, and desperately wishes to place it all behind her and move on. That is the main portrayal of Irina to the audience that she wants to move on.
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Thorr Motors Simulation Heather Sanchez MKT/421 July 20, 2011 Theodore Framan Perceptual maps help to improve a company’s current product on the market by mapping consumer expectation of the product. The motorcycle company Thorr Motors perceptual maps were used to create a marketing plan to aid in maintaining a high brand image of their motorcycles. This paper is based on the three phases in the Thorr Motors simulation. The situation, recommended solutions, and result for each phase will be discussed. Lastly, the different marketing components addressed in the simulation will be summarized.
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The decrease is because the Cruiser Thorr’s target consumers are aging and their tastes have begun to outgrow the lifestyle that Cruiser Thorr symbolizes. Another issue is that younger consumers are more interested in lower priced motorcycles because of their lower personal disposable incomes and they do not identify with Cruiser Thorr’s lifestyle image. This scenario wanted to determine the Cruiser Thor’s position in the market by choosing four relevant parameters that will reflect the highest potential.
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The more frills a product comes with, the more it may heighten the desire for it. Price was the third parameter that was chosen. Price was chosen because for many consumers price is one of the most important factors in making a buying decision. Finding the right balance between how much is too much and how low is too low is crucial in determining the appropriate price tag to entice consumer interest. The forth parameter chosen was quality engineering. Engineering was chosen because of the fact that the Cruiser Thorr will not be able to maintain a high brand image without this feature (University of Phoenix, 2011).
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Upon researching threats and weaknesses of Thorr Motorcycles, the decision was made to launch a new motorcycle, the RRoth, which will grab the attention of younger consumers. With the new launch the marketing mix needed to be determined. The price for the new RRoth was set between $13,000 and $15,000. This price range was chosen because earlier surveys conducted showed that the younger consumers were more interested in lower priced motorcycles. The types of promotions chosen were sponsored events at Daytona, offering insurance and protection plans, free test rides, publicize through Hollywood films, and providing giveaway merchandise.
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These were chosen because of the high amount of appeal these types of promotional methods would have on younger consumers. The places chosen to promote the RRoth were the Internet (Manufacturer’s Website), Dealers, and Distributors. These options were chosen because of the accessibility to younger consumers, especially the Internet. The services chosen were training to dealers, customization options, and financial services. Training to dealers was chosen so that the dealers can provide detailed and accurate information about the products sold.
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Customization options were chosen because this would add to the cool and youthful image of the RRoth. Financial services were chosen because the younger consumers indicated an interest in financing options. Choosing to launch a new motorcycle turned out to be a good decision. The marketing mix options chosen were the most optimal for the formulation of a differentiation strategy. Phase III The marketing plan was implemented a year ago. It is time to determine if the plans have or have not been a success. Consumer perceptions of the Cruiser Thorr, and the RRoth have been surveyed.
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A perceptual map will show whether or not the marketing activities have been a success. The marketing manager has to interpret market research to plot brand attributes of Cruiser Thorr. In addition, attributes relevant to the RRoth need to be chosen and interpreted to create RRoth’s perceptual map. The Cruiser Thorr was rated a nine in lifestyle image because initially this was rated very high. A nine is most appropriate. For price a rate of four was chosen because consumers saw this particular motorcycle as pricey compared to other brands.
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A rating of four or five would be appropriate. Services offered are rated at a seven because services for the Cruiser Thorr is limited compared to competitors but were revamped because of consumer response. A rating of seven is most appropriate. Quality engineering was rated at eight because consumers think that Cruiser Thorr’s engine is the best. A rating of eight is very appropriate. The RRoth was rated at a seven for lifestyle image because like other Thorr motorcycles consumers are already considering it a status symbol. The rating chosen was the appropriate choice.
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Differentiation of product is according to Investopedia “a marketing process that showcases the differences between products” (Investopedia, . n. d. , para. 1). Positioning of products is “the consumer perception of a product or service as compared to its competition” (Lake, n. . , para. 1). The relationship is that in order for a company to be a leader in that particular industry not only do they have to differentiate themselves from the competition, but also must secure a position in the market that when consumers needs need to be met, that company will be number one on the list in consumers’ minds. I had expected the repositioning of the product in the simulation. It was expected because one of the main issues was the changing perceptions of the consumers. There was nothing wrong with the physical product.
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Tastes were changing, but the product was still of high quality. Like many companies they offered a fresh new product and for Thorr Motorcycles this attracted younger consumers. In spite of this, they did not totally scrap efforts on the Cruiser Thorr and worked on revamping the image. Product Life Cycle The impact the product life cycle has on marketing is that businesses need to plan their products around the product life cycle. Knowing where the product is on the cycle, marketing strategies can be adjusted to maintain profitability. A particular firm’s marketing mix usually must change during the product life cycle” (Perreault, 2009). In the simulation the Cruiser Thorr was in the decline stage of the life cycle as their sales were declining rapidly. The declining sales were because the older audience’s tastes were outgrowing the Cruiser Thorr and younger consumers were irritated by the high price. Cruiser Thorr was in decline stage, so a new motorcycle, the RRoth was introduced to the life cycle and aimed at a different target group to revamp sales and consumer perception. Conclusion
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The perceptual map helped to determine consumer expectations for Thorr Motorcycles. Precise parameters were determined to hone in on exactly what they wanted and expected from the company. This ultimately is what enabled Thorr Motorcycles to reposition consumer perceptions back to where Thorr motors wanted. In this paper the three phases of the simulation, the situation, recommended solution, and results were discussed. In addition there was a discussion on relationship between differentiation and positioning of products or services and the impact of the product life cycle on marketing.
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Developmental and cognitive theorist believe that the brain works a bit like a computer as things are put into the brain (input), stored and then retrieved when needed. The main theorists for these theories are jean Paiget and Noam Chomsky. Piaget devised a series of stages that a child goes through according to their age: * Sensorimotor – 0-2 years * Pre-occupational – 2-7 years * Concrete operational- 7-11 years * Formal operational- 11+ Social learning theory This theory refers to the fact that people learn from each other in social situations, so it also connects with the nurture theory.
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One of the theorists for this theory is bandura, he set up an experiment that involved children observing adults showing aggression and see if they imitate or not. An example from placement that correspond to this theory is when an activity is set for the children the teacher will ‘model’ the activity first to the children and show them what to do. The psychodynamic theory This approach refers to the fact that the unconscious mind controls all our behaviour. There are three parts of the uncoincous mind that control are behaviour these are.
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How can a clash of cultures provoke the breakdown of a relationship? -With reference to “Two Kinds” and “The Young Couple” “Two Kinds” proves there is no relationship more complex in this world then the relationship between two women – and more importantly – between a mother and a daughter. The relationship between a young girl the guiding force in her life, her mother’s expectation for her daughter to be a child prodigy. A newly married couple and their struggle to be independent are portrayed in “The young couple”.
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A rocky relationship what changes with the surroundings. In the young couple the relationship changes as the family become more involved in Cathy and Naraian’s relationship. In “The Young Couple” as the story progresses it becomes clear that the husband will not be able to find work without the help of his parents. Though the culture is still traditional and affectionate as families still provide “plenty of pocket money (to their relations) to spend in restaurants, cinemas and record shops”.
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What’s more, “if her dress had crept up her knee or a button had come undone, he was quick to notice” compared with “modestly veiled women” shows that the culture is to be fully clothed and not exposing various parts of your body. Coming to India, Cathy had to change her behavior and her feelings had to change her affection had to go undercover because of the disapproval of the culture around them. There is a traditional role of women in society Cathy is frustrated by the way she is treated by her husband’s family and friends.
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She is viewed as his possession and is further angered by the way, in which her opinions are not ignored nor sort after. Her reaction to this is to shut herself away in her “tower” . She didn’t care for these friends of his, she thought they were silly and spoiled: and besides, or most of all. This shows the rich and proud life Narian’s Indian friends lived. It seems Cathy did not have a closeness with her friends and family, there fore the overwhelming “affectionate” response she got from Narian’s family was too much, showing the difference in cultures.
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When Naraian speaks to the sweeper-woman “rather too rudely and loudly, Cathy thought, the sweeper-woman never seemed to mind, on the contrary, she showed her pointed teeth wider, whiter than ever”. This appears to show that she does not understand the manner of the language that they are conversing in. It seems to loud and brash compared to Cathy’s native language (English). However, it is not the case, as the sweeper-woman does not mind the tone Naraian is using to talk to her as she is used to being treated like that.
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The manner Carol Duffy explores relationships in her verse form is a rich topic for comparing, as each verse form puts an interesting spin on the manner she, as the narrative voice, reacts to the people around her. On the one manus we can look at the astringent intervention of the relationship in ‘Havisham ‘ , as she is jilted at the communion table. This makes an utmost contrast to ‘Before You Were Mine ‘ , in which we can detect a romantic sentiment sing her female parent that is about a direct antonym of the rancid, but down to earth tone of the former verse form.
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The temper conveyed is a really moony one, as Duffy, apparently composing from the point of position of herself as a kid or immature adult female, looks at her female parent ‘s old high-heeled places and attempts to visualize her female parent ‘s life when she was immature and glamourous. Duffy contrasts the immature adult female ‘s romantic phantasies with the world of maternity which will come ten old ages subsequently.
Topic: family

It is spoken in the first individual and directed towards the female parent. It is given the air of a flashback through the continual alteration in clip and topographic point. It goes between memories of Marilyn ‘s life as a immature adult female and Duffy ‘s memories of being a immature adult female and wondering at her female parent ‘s former life, although it is spoken from the point of position of Duffy as an grownup. Duffy uses both first and 2nd individual, stressing the bond they portion. There is no rime, and although there is no strong beat, the address flows in a smooth manner, coming across about like a watercourse of consciousness. The portraiture of the female parent and spouse nevertheless are the other manner unit of ammunition from what one might anticipate. Duffy conjures up a romantic position of her female parent, with Hollywood images as a metaphor for the freedom the female parent enjoyed as a young person. It is ironically the romantic spouse that gets the blunt but honest intervention. This is possibly representative of the sort of relationship Duffy has with the several parties. Her female parent has earn regard and deserves to be treated with fear. In add-on, when believing about the past 1 is improbable to believe of the bad memories ‘Before You Were Mine ‘ is nostalgia for a old life, one that Duffy did non see, but she feels thankful to her female parent for giving it up.
Topic: family

Similarly, in Follower, Heaney looks up to his male parent, merely like in Before You Were Mine. Daughter looks up to Mother. However, in Follower, the stoping switches to stating us that the Father now relies on the Son- ” But today It is my male parent who keeps faltering Behind me, and will non travel off. In Before You Were Mine there is no suggestion that the Mother gets in the manner of Daughter. Alternatively Duffy presents the forfeits made for her kid.
Topic: family

In ‘Follower ‘ Heaney nowadayss us with a really graphic image of his male parent as he appeared to the poet as a immature male child. We learn a batch about both the relationship that existed between them and the manner Heaney saw his household. The male parent is, more than anything else, an energetic and skilled husbandman. He is ‘An expert ‘ with the horse-plough and Heaney as a small male child would merely acquire in his male parent ‘s manner. The verse form is full of esteem for his male parent ‘s strength and accomplishment with Equus caballuss. At the terminal of the verse form, nevertheless, we are moved to the present twenty-four hours and there is a alteration in functions ; it is now Heaney ‘s male parent who has become the kid who gets in the manner. The relationship has changed over clip. Likewise, this verse form is similar to Before You Were Mine as Duffy explores how female parent and girls relationship has progressed through time- before she was born, her female parent was much more bubbly.
Topic: family

The picks of the verbs “ Narrowed ” , “ angled ” and “ Mapping ” efficaciously propose his male parent ‘s accomplishment and preciseness. We are besides told that immature Heaney “ stumbled in his hob-nailed aftermath, ” which brings to our head a image of the plowman ‘s heavy boots, the carefully ploughed furrow and the kid ‘s gawky enthusiasm. It shows that he admired his male parent.
Topic: family

The comparing here suggests a adult male who spends much of his clip out of doors, a adult male who is a portion of nature. The maritime mentions show how the male parent was efficient and hard-working on the farm. The word “ globed ” besides suggests great strength and gives the feeling that the male parent was the whole universe to the immature male child. It is of import to observe that his male parent is non merely strong ; his stamp love and attention for his boy are emphasised by the fact that he “ sit me on his back/ Dipping and lifting to his plod ” . The sound and beat of these lines convey the pleasance immature Heaney had in the drive.
Topic: family

Havisham differs to both Before You Were Mine and Follower. Relationships are presented much more distressing as Miss Havisham from Dickens ‘s Great Expectations is jilted at the communion table on her nuptials twenty-four hours. The verse form makes a generalised negative position against all men- her relationship with another adult male has destroyed her and therefore she wants retaliation on males. She hates her spinster state- of which her single household name invariably reminds her.
Topic: family

The most dramatic thing about the first sentence is the oxymoron of ‘love ‘ ( darling sweetie ) and hatred ( asshole ) . This oxymoron portrays to the reader the mixture of emotions that Miss Havisham is experiencing for this adult male although she hates him for what he did to her, she still feels loves for him. Alternatively, this sentence could be interpreted as the phases of the relationship she had with this adult male. At first he was beloved a more reserved emotion. Then this adult male became her sweetie a more romantic word signalling alien and sexual love and so eventually one time he left her he became a asshole to Miss Havisham. But besides, with the initial rhyme of the B in that quotation mark, the reader besides receives the indicant of aggression and violence- indicating retaliation and hatred. Throughout the verse form, linguistic communication is under force per unit area, interrupting down. ( expletives that are sounds non words… and the last word b-b-b-breaks ; her lingua merely becomes fluid in dream, and so merely in snoging, non address ) . Both sexual passion and address require a spouse.
Topic: family

Dark green pebbles eyes bases in here for the effects upon her psychological science of her uninterrupted hatred: pebbles because the attendant hardness in her feelings ; dark because of her ‘evil ‘ ideas of retaliation ( wishing him dead ) – but besides because the mix of her feelings are non merely to be understood, even by herself ; green out of enviousness ( of the adult male, of anyone with a happier life ) . The cadaver and the long slow honeymoon combines both love and revenge ; long and decelerate is a curious combination of enjoyment and anguish.
Topic: family

In each of these stories there is clear lack of communication between the main characters and ignorance of the local culture. In ‘The Young Couple’ there is confusion of feelings and misinterpretation of the future; they both have different opinions of what is going to happen and assume the other thinks the same. ‘A Stench of Kerosene’ features a choice that leads to a lack of communication. “Neither understood each other’s thoughts” ‘The Train from Rhodesia’ is an example of poor communication leading to a misunderstanding which causes the main change in each of the stories.
Topic: family

He stinks of kerosene! ” Manak is so hurt by his wife’s suicide that his mental state is affected and he ultimately loses his sanity. Guleri and Manak’s relationship is not ideal for their culture, although they may not feel the need to have children; it is what their parents and culture expect of them. In each of the stories, something occurs to alter the couple’s relationship and each of the things that occur, happen because the culture enables them to. In ‘The Young Couple’ the relationship gradually changes as the family becomes more involved in Naraian and Cathy’s relationship.
Topic: family

Cathy feels smothered by their involvement. Cathy becomes pregnant, at which point the family invades the couple’s home and control how and where they eat, illustrated by a chef being provided with strict orders to only take instructions from her mother-in-law. The story ends as Cathy and Naraian are about to move into the family’s house. Cathy has become powerless; she tries to hold on to their little flat because it’s the only thing that she feels still belongs to her and has not been overtaken by anyone.
Topic: family

Cathy becoming pregnant is the catalyst for change in this story, because as this happens, the family becomes even more involved in their relationship as it almost seems to give them permission to invade the couple’s relationship even more, however the only reason the family become such a large part of their relationship is because it is normal cultural behaviour. The ways in which the story changes contrasts with the other stories because it is more gradual, where as the others have sudden events. In ‘A Stench of Kerosene’, Manak’s mother brings in a new wife for him to marry.
Topic: family

This is where the story begins to change, however the catalyst is when Guleri dies. After Guleri dies, Manak becomes, “… mute with pain… ” Together, Manak and Guleri didn’t feel they “had” to have children, they just enjoyed being with each other and therefore probably felt like they did not owe their culture anything as well as it did not owe them anything. However, when Guleri takes her own life, it seems as if culture has taken something from them without advanced warning. Manak is overcome with guilt, sorrow and regret; grief enough to drive anyone insane. As a result, the grief overpowers him.
Topic: family

In ‘The Train from Rhodesia’, the story is set to change when the woman looks at the carving, with interest. Although, the catalyst is when her husband bargains and buys the carving for her at an extremely low price. This causes her epiphany. These stories are similar, they both include an event that is the overall cause for change but the also have something along the way that speeds up the reaction. Many linguistic devices are used throughout all three of the stories, for example, ellipsis; to suggest a continuation after the sentence has ended or to emphasize the previous list can go on for longer.
Topic: family

This happens in ‘The Train from Rhodesia’. In this story, around the time of dramatic change, short sentences are also used to emphasize anger and descriptive context is commonly used. As a contrast, in ‘The Young Couple’, long sentences are used to point out boredom and repetition. “… in the silver, the waist-high vases, the brocade curtains, the carpets, the giant plumped-out cushions… ” This technique is highly effective. In ‘A Stench of Kerosene’, speech is used regularly and it reveals how the characters feel and think so less linguistic devices are used.
Topic: family

Paragraphs are also quite short and sentences are extremely descriptive similar to ‘The Young Couple’. This suggests metaphorical suffocation as there are so many details to digest it is nearly impossible to make sense of them without feeling intimidated. After the change in each story there is obvious conflict between characters. In ‘A Stench of Kerosene’ one of the main characters is no longer directly in the story, but affects everything that happens from that point. In the other two relationships, the atmosphere seems like it cannot be resolved.
Topic: family

Respect has been lost from each character and the relationship is no longer as new or exciting as it once was. It is hard to decide the most effective plot out of each of the stories. They each are strong examples of young people becoming over powered by either their own or indeed different culture. Each story has a disappointing ending, not because the standard of writing has deteriorated but because the endings lack the ‘happy’, ‘feel good’ factor. However, each story is extremely successful in displaying how a modern approach to life can still be deeply influenced by culture and tradition.