ktmeng/mec huggingface dataset:
Topic: racism

Racist tendencies have been strong in Britain since the arrival of significant number of immigrants after the Second World War. There are inadequacies between the white British people and members of ethnic minorities in Britain, considering employment, housing, income, and so forth. Back in the 1950s 1960s, 1970s and even 1980s, physical assaults on black Caribbean immigrants and other ethnic minorities were quite frequent. Not to claim that in the 1990s and onwards there have been no racially motivated attacks, only there have been fewer of them.
Topic: racism

However, subtle forms of racism continue in Britain even nowadays as black people are discriminated against when it comes to jobs or housing. For Afro-Caribbean and other black immigrants, it was obvious that racism is a significant problem in Britain. In the beginning, there was very little discussion concerning the issue: Public and political discussions were more about the problems caused by immigrants and uncontrolled immigration than about problems the immigrants themselves face, however, almost all black immigrants experienced some kind of racial discrimination when they lived in Britain. Unfortunately, black immigrants were quite right about white people and their attitudes towards black people. Although immigrants were encouraged in the beginning to come to work in Britain, ordinary people perceived them as a problem. Especially, the working-class people felt threatened because black immigrants largely seek similar jobs and housing as they do. It was the working-class people that had most things in common with them, and they were also most likely to live and work next to them. So, the feelings towards them were hostile in the easiest sense. “It is a crime, all of it. First, they come here where they don’t belong and they know it. Then they want their relatives and their relatives’ relatives. ” All you have to do is look at a map and you can see how small the country is. There isn’t any room for these people” (Marwick,218).
Topic: racism

Samuel Selvon’s novel The Lonely Londoners are considered as a milestone in the decolonization of the British novelistic tradition. Elements of racism can be seen all over the novel. The novel is targeted to both groups of readers, the black and also the white people. The white readers can see it as a declaration of the detachment from the culture that always suppressed and underestimated the black people and the black readers in Britain can see it as an encouragement for forming a particular subcultural group that is worth noticing. “The Lonely Londoners depicts the impact not simply of racism in housing and the workplace but of racial fetishism in the sexual arena. Selvon thereby underlines the damaging effects of racism on immigrant cultures on both a material and a psychological plane” (Dawson,30). The situation of every migrated character is surely empathetic. Some of them do not want to be here but had to, in order to earn money for living. Some of them wanted to be heard as they believed and heard of the “American Dream” but as soon as they came to Britain, they realized, that is not the dream they really dreamt. “The empathic humanity of its characters, its inspired critique of racist and social injustice, its profound epistemic negotiations and creolization still outshine the work of later Black and Asian British writers” (Eckstein,1). The only character different from the rest, at least when it comes to language, is Harris. He behaves like Englishmen, dresses like them, and also speaks like them. The narrative comments on it: “Man, when Harris starts to spout English for you, you realize that you don’t really know the language” (Selvon,103). However, the rest of the characters do not approve of his way of speaking and behaving. They believe that he should remember his origin and that he should live according to it because they do not want to change their lifestyle as well. The Afro-Caribbean characters in The Lonely Londoners are willing to live next to the white people of Britain but not like them. They all have a reason for keeping their old lives. Some of them, such as Galahad, because even if they behave like the white Britishers they will always remain black anyway, which basically keeps them away from better lives.
Topic: racism

Furthermore, an interesting and somewhat problematic issue about the language used in the novel is, that the language is not authentic. “It is not spoken in any part of the Caribbean, it is rather a blend of various different variations and dialects spoken throughout the Caribbean” (Bentley). One of the reasons why Selvon did not usefully Creolized English is quite obvious. He wanted even the speakers of Standard English to be able to read his novel. By using this form of artificial Creole, he managed to accomplish both goals: to make the novel accessible to as many readers as possible but also to use it as a token of distance from the British mainstream culture. Moving ahead, one of the first settings of the novel, the railway station, where many black immigrants are present, either waiting for some relatives or just looking whether someone they know from home arrived, a comment on the situation in Britain appears: “English people starting to make rab about how too much West Indians coming to the country” (Selvon 2). Black immigrants know that they are not welcomed, that white people do not want them in Britain, and that they cannot expect any kind of friendly behavior from them. However, what is quite ironic is the conclusion the black immigrants themselves make. The novel was written in 1956, before any new Commonwealth Immigrants Act was passed and there is a mention that British people complain, however, they are too diplomatic to actually do something about it. Nevertheless, the immigrants were wrong in this respect and only six years later, the new restrictions were introduced. Tanty who just arrives in Britain and does not know about the grudge against the black immigrants has an interview with a white reporter and the next day in the newspaper her picture appears with a headline “Now, Jamaican Families Come to Britain” (Selvon 12). Her nephew Tolroy did not want her to speak to the reporter and he would not speak to him at all because he is already familiar with the atmosphere in Britain. Moreover, even if he wanted to tell him something, like Moses who wanted to take a chance and express himself, he would find out that the newspaperman actually does not care about his opinion. Comments and situations like this appear throughout the novel. Immigrants are less likely to get jobs or they are only hired for unskilled jobs. Because the immigrants fight for every penny, they live in overcrowded second-rate houses. The immigrants acquiesce with the situation as is visible from the episode when Moses tells Galahad that no matter that he is a skilled electrician, he will probably be offered an unskilled job. Moses tries to explain this issue to Galahad who is a newcomer to London:
Topic: racism

To conclude, the lives of the Caribbean immigrants in the United Kingdom in The Lonely Londoners were not easy at all. They came to Britain expecting great job opportunities but they had trouble in finding jobs because of their skin color and in the end, they had to take jobs that did not correspond to their qualification. They expected that they would earn some money but their jobs were so badly paid that they did not manage to save almost anything. What they did not expect, as can be seen in examples of Galahad and Tanty who are newcomers to Britain, was the hatred and malice. In fact, that is exactly what they encounter every day when they meet white Britishers.
Topic: racism

As for Mel Brook’s film Blazing Saddles it stands out for it’s racial, and gender aspect of the film. Which then caused people to realize is Mel Brooks trying to make everyone laugh or have a message throughout the film? Well the film is racially satire in many ways. As you do watch the film you will realize how it has many racial scenes. For example, the scene when Mr. Taggart and his fellow friend show up to the railroad tracks, where Bart and Jim go to visit Bart’s friends.
Topic: racism

Mr.Taggart starts stating how could Bart be sheriff if he’s black. He then states ‘here we take the good time and trouble to slaughter every last Indian in the West, and for what? So they can appoint a sheriff that’s blacker than any Indian. I am depressed.’ This scene is showing slander towards both Indian and African-American race. Taggart who is a white male is basically stating, what’s the point of having a new sheriff if he is going to be black.
Topic: racism

’ Then the African-American men carry him out of the way. This could show that Chinese men are seen to be weak and can’t handle hard work like the African-American men can because they are used to the hard work and labor they were put through, thus the reason he fainted. As well as the same part of that scene the white men make the African-American men sing a song because that is what slaves did back then to occupy themselves from the work that had to be done. Therefore the African-American men start singing a song which is quite sophisticated and is actually sang from Frank Sinatra. Then the white man states ‘what the hell is that shit?’ saying that the song was basically no good. And to him, it wasn’t a real song. As for the white men who start singing Camptown races, by
Topic: racism

Another very interesting part of the film was when Lili Von Shupt, who is a German woman as well as a showgirl who tries to seduce Bart to stay with her. As they become alone in the room she is confident to make Bart fall in love with her basically. Before I get into that aspect of the film the reason Lili Von Shupt was told to do this by Hedley Lamar because he thought that Lili was capable of making any man fall for her. I’m sure it is because she is a showgirl and well because she is a woman. Now, to the race part of this scene when the are in the room she asks him ‘it is true what they say, about the way you people are gifted? Oh, it’s true, it’s true, it’s true. Now to me this is a stereotypical race joke about black men. African-American men have been shown to have bigger private parts compared to other races.’ Lili Von Shupt, then states it’s true, which is probably to just exaggerate the fact of Bart’s private part. As for Lili’s part since she is a German, white girl she is shown to have the privilege to seduce Bart. Mel Brook’s may have added this scene to show both races that it is a racial way to make comedy out of a sex scene.
Topic: racism

Now, onto the next scene of Mel Brook’s film relating to race when the old lady tells Bart ‘up yours n****r!’ It is definitely towards his race. She is also standing above him and looks down on him as if he is nothing. As we do look at the scene we tend to notice that she is a racist white lady. It may also be because she is older and is used to how African-American people were used to be slaves during her time, even in the movie that is how they are portrayed as. She may have not been used to seeing a black man as her sheriff, and that is why she may have said what she said. As for the other scene that has the old lady in it, she states ‘Sorry about the “Up yours, n****r.” I hope this apple pie will in some small way say thank you for your ingenuity and courage in defeating that horrible Mongo.’ The old lady tries to apologize with a pie for her racist remark. Therefore you can tell that she ends up grateful for having a sheriff even if he is a black one.
Topic: racism

Another scene about race involves Lili Von Schupt who is the German showgirl. Towards the ending part of the movie she is involved for a quick second she is seen with the German soldiers. Although at first, this scene didn’t seem like much to me but I’m sure there is a message behind it. She is seen singing to the German soldiers to distract them from what is really happening. Instead of using any other typical women they put her there because she is German. Not only that, since she is a woman she is showing that she is capable to have power over the soldiers because, one she is singing to them, and well two because she is a beautiful woman. The men seem so mesmerized by her singing that all they are doing is sitting down and singing along. And since they soldiers and Lili are German this scene ties in with race for that reason.
Topic: racism

Now, as we talk about gender thought this film it is found in quite a couple of scenes. Such as the scene when Miss. Johnson is in front of all the men to speak she starts off by being very soft-spoken. Then someone yells out loud to her to be louder, and then she apologies for not being used to public speaking. Then here comes the funny part of the film she surprises them by actually being very well-spoken and loud, which is the opposite of what the men expected from her. All the men in the building were shocked to hear her speak so clearly. Mel Brook’s is showing the audience that although women are usually seen as being the type to just sit pretty with nothing to say and not being intelligent, or even being able to read. Especially in the time period he set the movie in which is 1874 in the Wild West. As Miss. Johnson starts to read loudly she is actually shown as a smart intelligent women who can read well. I believe the message Mel Brook’s was going for in this part of the scene was to show that women can be capable of way more than just being the pretty assets of the film. Not only that you can see that Miss. Johnson is dressed differently compared to the other women in the film. She is covered up and not showing her body part to us them so men could pay attention to what she has to say, and I believe that is another thing Brook’s is trying to express in his film. That it is not always about the looks of the women, and what they are wearing to get the attention of the men in the film.
Topic: racism

Onto the next scene, which involves Miss. Stein who is the Governor’s secretary she is shown in a very seductive outfit. With no shirt and just a bra on, she is also sitting next to the governor and she basically has his full attention. She is set to just be that sitting pretty girl that we are used to seeing in Hollywood films. Although women have always been secretaries, aka assistants for governor’s who are always men. Mel Brook’s who plays the governor seems unfocused and just doesn’t seem smart, maybe because his full attention is focused on the beautiful Miss. Stein. Even when she reads out the message about Rock Ridge her voice is seemed to be sexualized by being soft and quite. This is the stereotype of women who are shown to be used in films because of how they look and how their bodies are portrayed, as well as being there beside the male actors like an accessory.
Topic: racism

Suggesting that we are indeed savages, the novel charts a terrifying escalation of violence across its twelve chapters. Golding displays an escalation from verbal violence in “bollocks to the rules” to increasing physical violence, from when Ralph “machine-gunned Piggy”, Roger’s throwing of stones foreshadowing the murder of Piggy later, the sadistic murder of the sow, the killing of Simon to the hunting of Ralph clearly displaying the savagery in the boys.
Topic: racism

From “gun” to a “cannon” is an increase in power and from a simile to a metaphor, a stronger linguistic device that describes something as being something else while a simile compares the likeness between the two. Additionally, Golding initially presents the boys as “choir boys” in chapter one and by chapter three they rapidly devolve into a tribe of “hunters” and eventually are referred to as “savages” and “demoniac figures” by the end of the book demonstrating the degeneration of the boys into primitive violence and savagery as civilisation and society crumbles.
Topic: racism

The use of the word “demoniac” has connotations with hell and Satan, the embodiment of all evil and by associating the boys with this invokes the reader to believe that they are evil but have been subject to social conditioning to make them good. This arouses the question of whether humans are innately good or evil. Golding, being a catholic, was heavily influenced by the Christian idea of “original sin” and the “fall of man” fuelling the theme of good versus evil in human nature and whether we need to be conditioned to be good.
Topic: racism

The time in which Golding was alive, events like Hiroshima, Dresden, his war experience and the prevalent problem of atomic and nuclear weapons post world war two highlights the worst in humans, the evil/savagery that is hidden in our nature. Exposure to such harsh realities would lead anyone to believe humans are innately evil however some people may refute that and go further to mention the ideology of it being easier to be mean than it is to be kind, explaining a lot of worldwide atrocities and ultimately the boys savage and violent behaviour.
Topic: racism

Golding’s vision of our savage nature is such that he argues that we need rules and authority figures to keep us in line. On the island, Golding creates the conch as a symbol of civilisation and democracy when, “They obeyed the summons of the conch” showing the boys using it to call meetings in order to restore order and sort things out, however “the fragile white conch” is delicate, just like democracy and societal order. Especially with the absence of proper authority and Jack challenging democracy, it makes it harder for Ralph to keep everything civil. This is emphasised greatly when immediately by chapter two the power of the conch is challenged by Jack when he says “the conch doesn’t count on top of the mountain” to try and limit its power and say “bollocks to the rules”. By chapter eleven “the conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist” indicating democracy and order had been destroyed, and immediately the savagery begins with the first intentional murder (Piggy).
Topic: racism

A prime example of the success of social conditioning (by authority figures) is Roger in chapter four when he “threw it (stone) at Henry” threw it to miss”. Roger’s “arm was conditioned by a civilisation that knew nothing of him and was in ruins”. He had been so conditioned by the authority figures in his life that he still did what they would tell him to do, in fear of punishment (operant conditioning) even though they are not present. When he realises there will not be any repercussions as there are no adults to maintain order and whatever civilised order Ralph had tried to keep had been abolished, Roger rolls the rock to kill Piggy in his “sense of delirious abandonment”.
Topic: racism

However, due to our savage nature, those in power are especially susceptible to evil and corrupt dictatorial methods, like Hitler or Jack, who becomes leader of the boys (hunters), but uses torture and threats when “the chief poked Sam in the ribs” to maintain his power and dictatorship. The Milgram experiment proved that obedience to (uniformed) authority (Jack) is ingrained in us all from the way we are brought up and that normal people are capable of killing, even to the extent of killing an innocent human being (Ralph). Golding expresses this further when Piggy “was terrified by this uniformed superiority”. Both Jack and Roger demonstrate Nietzsche’s will to power theory, the desire in humans to be the most powerful, and in the boys case, through any means possible, which unleashes their savage nature. Even Henry, a littleun, “became absorbed beyond mere happiness as he felt himself exercising control over living things”, highlighting that the will to power is felt by all humans, whatever status.
Topic: racism

The use of the word savages in Ralph’s question hints at one of the faults in the boys – their racism. Golding presents the boys as upper class, private English school boys, whom at the time were brought up in a society with patriotic values and military violence with remnants of the English empire, (like Ralph’s father in the navy) inspiring colonial arrogance within the boys when Jack states, “We’re not savages. We’re English; and the English are the best at everything”.
Topic: racism

The historical use of the word “savage” especially in the west, was to describe anyone of a different race other than white so Indians, Blacks, Afghans etc. (othering). This racism was and is an important tool to justify the destruction and occupation of another country, a way of liberating themselves against the guilt that comes with committing war crimes. In Fable, Golding says that “One of our faults is to believe that evil is somewhere else and inherent in another nation”, explaining why the naval officer says, “You’re all British, aren’t you? Would’ve have been able to put up a better show than that” showing the colonial arrogance that stems from white supremacy and seeing as everyone else as inferior as a form of racism. There is a heavy irony in the English’s colonial arrogance as the British committed many barbaric atrocities to obtain their precious empire yet would still be appalled at events like the holocaust.
Topic: racism

The British’s ethnic cleansing of the Red Indians, with whom they particularly associate with savages and Golding’s novel proves how wrong Jack was as all the boys, except Simon, give into savagery and actually end up looking like savages with “painted faces and long hair”, chapter four’s title. In Piggy’s most heroic moment where he stands up for democracy, a “British” value and says, “which is better ” to be a pack of painted niggers like you are, or to be sensible like Ralph is? “it is disappointing for the reader as his prejudice highlights the bleak reality of white colonial arrogance, a common sentiment at the time, which Golding emphasises the irony of when he says in Fable, ” they were not done by some tribe in the Amazon. They were done by skilfully, coldly, by educated men, doctors, lawyers, by men with a tradition of civilisation behind them”. Golding was appalled when he “discovered what one man could do to another” through his war experience, leading him to believe that we “are suffering from the terrible disease of being human”.
Topic: racism

The climax ” or rather, nadir ” of Golding’s despairing vision is that we are the beast. The repetitive description and sibilance of snakes like, with a hiss, twisted and snake-clasp has connotations with the Satan from the creation story in Genesis where Satan in snake form tempts Eve to eat the apple and since the snake thing was a beastie, the beast is the devil and therefore an evil being. Taking this further, Golding drops hints like when Jack works out that the beast is a hunter, and as the boys are hunters this makes them the beast, hence they are evil. The island itself resembles the Garden of Eden from Genesis, with its picturesque scenery, abundant fruit, and idyllic weather and Golding juxtaposes the island’s paradise imagery with the snake imagery like “vines rise in the heat of the fire like rearing snakes” to create a sense of good versus evil, with evil infiltrating everything good, similar to temptation in the creation story.
Topic: racism

Additionally Ralph’s dream shows something snake-like “slither down”, showing evil (the snake) infiltrating even his fantasy world, where by the end of the book, the boys turn the island into hell figuratively and physically when Jack’s tribe tries to use fire to smoke out Ralph. The fire, once a symbol of order and cooperation corrupted by the boys to become like the fires of hell Golding also uses other animalistic words to describe the boys beast-like behaviour, for example when Ralph “accepted a piece of half-raw meat and gnawed it like a wolf”, the repetitive flies “buzz(ing)” that comes from the pig’s head on the stick and the carrion flies around it. The Lord of the Flies tells Simon that I’m part of you, leading him to figure out that the beast is the inner evil in humans like Golding believes.
Topic: racism

The Lord of the Flies comes from the Arabic for “Beelzebub”, a demon associated with Satan directly when the boys kill Simon, something the Lord of the Flies threatens to do and that he will get “waxy” and “do” him, in the language of the boys proving the boys are the Lord of the Flies and are evil. When they kill Simon, they do so in an animalistic way as there are “no words and no movement but the tearing of teeth and claws” further proving Golding’s despairing vision of humans. Furthermore, in the book of Revelation, the beast comes “out of the sea” from “from the abyss” linking to chapter five’s title “Beast from Water”, the naval warship, a reminder of the evil British empire as the officer’s uniform displays the “crown, an anchor” representing the imperialism that the Queen, the Navy and the Army are responsible.
Topic: racism

In particular, the Navy and the Army both have military power and are known for bringing destruction or as Hemingway would say “mechanised doom” rather than peace, emphasised when the naval officer arrives in a “warship” and has a “revolver”. As the beast from water is the naval officer, Golding is pointing out that the adults are also the beast despite the boys” misconception that their “authority” would sort their situation out. The adult world creates beast from air, a sign from the world of grown ups”, the dead parachutist who symbolises war as the adults are fighting with each other and offer no safety like the boys hope as there is no “majesty of adult life”.
Topic: racism

However, Golding’s vision of human nature is not entirely nihilistic and pessimistic – rather, we are heroic and sick. Ralph and Piggy exemplify Golding’s idea perfectly. Ralph tries to keep the fire (symbol of order and cooperation) going as an attempt to be rescued, he protects Piggy, and tries to maintain order and democracy through assemblies which shows him as heroic. However, he also says he has the urge to put on warpaint and be a savage and he also surrenders to his savage instincts when the desire to squeeze and hurt was overmastering demonstrating his sickness. However, one could argue that the fact that Ralph chooses not to be a savage perhaps portrays the fact that he knows that it is easier to be mean than it is to be kind and one has to actively try not to give in to evil and temptation.
Topic: racism

Piggy is heroic too when he offers his smart suggestions, tries to organise the littluns, stands up for Ralph, democracy, law and order by confronting Jack, but he is also sick as he is lazy, jealous and very racist despite his intelligence. In Piggy’s most heroic moment, Golding reveals his sickness when he says, which is better to be a pack of painted niggers like you are, or to be sensible like Ralph is? not allowing him to be too heroic as he believes that that we are suffering from the terrible disease of being human and that man is a fallen being and is gripped by original sin as told by him in Fable. Additionally the boys require masks to liberate them, suggesting a sense of shame. Like the concept of the other and the contextual use of savages, the boys also use masks to justify and allow them to give into their savage nature without guilt as you can hide behind it as Jack, hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness. They also have painted faces of red, white and black which are Nazi colours; Golding clearly showing they are acting like savages just like the Nazi’s who committed war crimes.
Topic: racism

This aboriginal notion deliberated by many poets, dramatists, novelists, they made it a rich material for their writings, that was a good point which made them gain a wide reputation and success, they reached to the deepest point in human mind, that they explained things inside human even not realized by himself. What contributes more to this spread and success is the conditions that they were living all over the world, in all its continents and countries, the internal and external struggles, the conflicts, the occupation, colonialism and its sequences, economic and political developments are all important factors that shaped a new kind of writings.
Topic: racism

The protagonist of James Joyce Stephen is a representative character of some details of the author’s own life, so much events which took place in this novel are viewed as a very significant for the developing artist. Joyce poses dissatisfaction as a must for the evolution of the artist. The main hero’s (Stephen Dedalus ) unhappiness with everything around him ,his family , his Jesuit school ,his setting in general ,are major factors to the consequent transformation (from observant child to a blooming writer ) .
Topic: racism

Till the time he is aware, that his talent is to become a writer, he feels purposeless, isolated and not sure. Anyway , it is very obvious for the readers to feel that he is never arrived at this epilogue without subjecting a phase of thorough resentment .Stephen Dedalus is giving the priority to his family considering it as a fundamental in his life , when he is at school , he feels very anxious to go back home enjoying the atmosphere of family ,in fact he was a kind of blind on his genuine feelings that he wants to be free of commitment spiritually and martially , he is following the principles and thoughts of his parents whether religiously or nationally ,yet there inside him is found a seed for liberating from these restrictions , he doesn’t become aware of this till he reaches maturity and becomes independent in his life .
Topic: racism

We have almost the same internal and external struggle in the character of Dr. Aziz in E .M. Forster A passage to India , this character shares certain aspects with Stephen Dedalus . Dr.Aziz is also carrying this tremendous love ,respect , gratitude and loyalty to his family , religion and to his nation ,he has this feeling from his childhood and continues to the rest of his life , which is the opposite of Stephen Dedalus ,Dr.Aziz is certain of his orientations and never to feel them as imposed or unwillingly follow them , the roots of belongingness are planted inside him and grow greater and greater .An important factor should be taken in consideration is the difference between Stephen and Dr.Aziz concerning the
Topic: racism

Dehumanizing , also is a consequent of these conflicts , as we can see in Joyce’s protagonist as being beaten by his tutor when he didn’t do his homework , his glass were broken this was the cause, but the cruelty and dehumanizing of father accepted no excuses , Stephen got a harsh beats one on each hand , but this gives him more courage to refuse this dehumanizing treatment , rejecting this action , Stephen went to the rector telling him what happened ,the spirit of liberation and freedom encourages him to do so , he is not convinced with this .
Topic: racism

We can see this spirit of resistance for injustice dehumanizing, with Dr.Aziz too .He is a well educated doctor ,yet this doesn’t prevent the colonialists from dehumanizing him and the other Indians too. He refuses this low attitude toward them, his attitudes are generalized to all British even though he has intimate relations with some effective characters from British society. Dr.Aziz eventually decided to cut of any relation with his British friends , he cant tolerate the feeling of being ruled by strangers who
Topic: racism

In A Passage to India, life in Chandrapore , in general not in there too but also all over the British empire , is very affected by the racism , putting all the white Europeans on one side, and all other races on the other. Indians are called as “Orientals,” an archaic racial term that was used to refer to everyone settles east of Europe, from Turkey all the way out to China. Orientals were simply regarded to be peculiar, sensitive, inefficient, and residual, on the contrary of the speculative, urban, advanced Westerner. Thus Orientals, such as the Indians in A Passage to India, were considered unable to rule themselves, basically in need for the British Empire to lead them towards civilization (in spite of the fact that they had civilizations for their own). Even as the novel criticizes this stereotyping of Orientals – or “Orientalism” – it is itself not entirely free of the Orientalist attitude. The novelist makes wide popularization about Orientals, about their psychology and their sexuality, that shows how firm the Orientalist viewpoint is even in a novel that is sympathetic to them.
Topic: racism

Beside racism, gender also splits colonial society. British colonial society in India, made up as it is of administrators and their wives, is not exactly a reduced English society – it resorts to aggravate whatever is most conservative and traditional about English culture, including a traditional attitude toward women as the much weaker sex. The common idea is that Englishwomen are in need of a white male, specifically a knight with his armor to rescue them from lusting Orientals, so the character of Adella as an example of those Englishwomen, is in need for that night to rescue her from DrAziz and that knight must be a racist too. This attitude modifies the idea that Englishwomen are much more racist than Englishmen and this is to demonstrate their weakness
Topic: racism

In conclusion, the situation of racial relations in Malaysia can be jeopardized by the causes of racial disputes. Among the causes of racial strife is that the country is colonized by the British, people do not want to receive help or cooperation from others, lack of tolerance between races and cultural differences and inter-racial lifestyles. These racial issues can threaten national unity, spark conflict and disrupt national security. The government and society must work together to curb the problems between the races before the issue becomes bigger and unresolved.
Topic: racism

Therefore, all parties need to be aware of the issues of race around us and everyone plays a significant role in preventing racial misunderstandings. The government plays a very important role in uniting the people of Malaysia. The main thing that the government should be concerned about is the economic factors in some areas. This is because, the lack of a large inter-ethnic economy will make it difficult for the agenda of unity and racial integration. The government should be aware of non-development areas such as building low cost flats, clean water supply and electricity supply. The government also needs to help children born of families with disabilities in education. This is very important to improve the quality of life of the people and produce an open minded people. According to Sufean Hussin (2000), in his book entitled Motivational Education Policy Perspectives on Systems and Organizations states that education is a key factor in developing and transforming a nation’s economy. An effective education system can provide an environment and social amenities for the people and young people to strengthen unity in Malaysia. Through education, the birth of knowledgeable individuals who can compete in various fields, especially to change the economic pattern of the country. Thus, the lack of inter-racial economy can be attenuated and can erode the recognition of racial identity through economics. With this, the Malaysian economy will also be open to all races in the country.
Topic: racism

Sporting activities can also serve as a stimulating agent for ethnic relations. This can be seen through a competition or sporting event represented by Malaysians like Dato ‘Lee Chong Wei in badminton, various communities and races have come together to provide support not just in the badminton court, but in the stadiums. and also at home. Victory and defeat will be shared with all Malaysians. This clearly shows that sports activities can unite the people and the people of Malaysia. In this regard, the government also plays an important role in strengthening co-curricular activities at the primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Through co-curricular activities such as sports, culture and the arts, the spirit of mutual help and mutual trust will be born within each student. Student involvement in co-curricular activities will give rise to open-minded and mature students in social. The establishment of more sports schools by the government could also help strengthen racial unity in Malaysia.
Topic: racism

In addition, teachers or student representatives can organize and hold sports and cultural day by engaging all students regardless of skin colour in the co-curricular unit at the school and university level. The students also can recognize a variety of sports and games that come from nations other than Indians like kabaddi, sepak raga of the Malays and xiang qi of China. Not only sports and games, cultural events, can also be used as an effective medium because in the culture, more culture will be highlighted to the students through acting, dancing, singing and painting not only from the Malays, Chinese and Indians even more races to be introduced such as the Iban, Bidayuh and Melanau. When these cultures are published to students, they will be more accepting and respectful and sensitive to the sensitivities of other nations. Thus, the birth of art people who understand the culture at the same time will lead other people towards empowering and strengthening unity among Malaysians.
Topic: racism

The teacher represents the government as the agent of racial unity among the students in the school. Teachers should therefore be prepared with sufficient knowledge and prepared for the various challenges and situations in the school. This is because racial problems can not only occur in adults but it can also occur in youth. Problems like these can arise from mockery that can lead to fights and bullying. Teachers need to be mindful of all students to avoid this problem in school by implementing values such as patriotism so that students respect each other and unity among students of various races can be strengthened. A lack of knowledge and an attitude of laxity and laziness about current issues can cause problems in the teaching and learning process. In addition, it can also affect the education policy and the government’s desire to unite the people.
Topic: racism

Furthermore, the mass media plays a role in providing cultural exposure to many ethnic groups. The mass media should be more careful in communicating a policy especially if the issue touches a people’s sensitivity. The mass media should not resort to entertainment alone. As today’s society is increasingly focused on television and smartphone screens, mass media has been a major influence in promoting unity in society. Films and films that incite the spirit of unity such as Sepet (2005): A Malaysian National Film and Ola Ball (2016) need to be screened for the Malaysian public to be more open about the importance of unity in maintaining national harmony. The Ministry of Communications and Multimedia should take smart and efficient steps by diversifying ways such as advertisements, posters and campaigns to attract the public and can make a huge impact and can appeal to the local community to cooperate in helping the government achieve unity. strong community and at the same time a valuable asset to the nation.
Topic: racism

According to the Malay proverb, “How the mold, that’s gravy”, parents also play a very important role in shaping positive values in children’s self. Children’s personalities reflect their parents ‘second attitude. Values such as honesty, tolerance, justice, respect for older people and civic awareness need to be implemented. In addition, parents need to encourage children to participate in programs such as the government-run PLKN and RIMUP. In this program, children can interact with students of different races and backgrounds while also getting to know new friends during the program. Parents also take the children to participate in activities organized by neighbouring community associations in residential areas such as gotong-royong activities and cultural nights. By participating in these activities, children will become more exposed to the cultures of the people while also interacting and getting to know more about the diversity of society in Malaysian society.
Topic: racism

In everyday life, unity can be achieved if people are tolerant of each other. The gotong-royong activity is an effective step in instilling a sense of unity within the community as it is a time for the community to cooperate and help one another to clean up an area. In addition, the gotong-royong activities also opened up opportunities for the community to meet and get to know each other. In social relations, society must be sincere in establishing relationships with people of different skin, culture and race. By adopting a spirit of belonging, a comfortable and harmonious neighbourhood can be maintained while maintaining a sense of security in the local area. When every society adopts pure values, solidarity between the people can be born and even envy and misunderstanding can be avoided and the independence of the nation will continue for generations to come.
Topic: racism

Brennen MichelinDr. Adam BeardsworthEnglish 100128 March 2019Society’s Demonstrations of Systemic RacismSystemic racism defined by Joe Feagin and Sean Elias is “a social science theory of race and racism that elucidates the foundational, enveloping and persisting structures, mechanisms and operations of racial oppression.” (Feagin and Elias 3). In Terrence Hayes’s American Sonnets for my Past and Future Assassin, it sheds light on these social stereotypes that African-American people have to go through in day to day life. Hayes demonstrates systemic racism through areas such as local, historical and political patterns in the USA.
Topic: racism

Hayes’s ultimate goal is to show the unfair disadvantages that African-American people have in society and the continuing conflict they have with the American government, he demonstrates this through talking about many public figures who are with or against racism and comparing some social norms to historical event to show how these norms are racist.Hayes talks about many examples of systemic racism that a African-American individual may go through in local areas; this includes negative stereotypes that may take away from the individual’s talents and create false accusations.
Topic: racism

Black Caribbean children are still subjected to teacher racism, which could be the cause of exclusion, and are more likely to be categorised as having special education needs than other ethnic groups, with teachers more likely to underestimate this group of students by selecting lower examination tiers for them to sit, meaning that the highest grade they can achieve will be lower than that for the ethnic majority (Gillborn, 1990; king, 1991; Youdell, 2004, 2007; Rollock, 2007; Sleeter, 1993, 2012). This secondary education literature is meant to help contextualize why members of my sample may remark the education system as something that is set up to disadvantage black boys.
Topic: racism

Low teachers’ expectations, have been particularly cited by many researchers as contributing to low attainment amongst Black children (e.g. Gillborn and Youdell, 2000; Crozier, 2005; Maylor et al., 2006; Rhamie, 2007; DCSF, 2008b). Overall evidence suggests the disruptive or bad behaviour of Black children in the schools receive more adverse action against them than the pupils from other ethnicity. Black Caribbean children are getting excluded three times more than the exclusion rate of the entire pupil population (DfE 2015).Demie and McLean reveal the Black pupils when interviewed said that their teachers have told them that aren’t going to achieve high education and wouldn’t be getting in careers.
Topic: racism

African Americans in the 1960s had to face racism and discrimination at an all-time high. Leaders such as Malcolm X shaped the blueprint for the Black Panther Party. The Black Panther Party was a political organization that defended the African American community from injustices such as police brutality. They only used violence when necessary, stood for those who were oppressed, and pushed for unity in the African American community. Racism in America has lasted for as long as America has been America.
Topic: racism

African Americans are no exemption to this fact. Immediately after slavery was put an end to, the government began to oppress African American success. In the early 1900s, the government created the Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow laws were laws used to enforce racial segregation. Marcus Garvey, W.E.B. Du Bois, and other protestors were famous for standing for African Americans in the United States during this time. The Civil Rights Movement started in the 1950s. African Americans began to stand against those who oppressed them.
Topic: racism

Rosa Parks sparked the idea of the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Following these events, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was appointed to be the head of the Montgomery Improvement Association and at this time was one of the most influential and important speakers for African Americans. His house was later bombed by people who were against the civil rights movement. They were still able to continue with the boycott in spite of their challenges and the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) won the case to desegregate the buses in 1956.
Topic: racism

Shortly after, people began to have sit-ins in areas marked for only whites at stores around the country. As more and more people began to contribute to the civil rights movement, the repercussion was just as substantial. The Freedom Riders were people who rode the interstate bus and challenged the courts rule over Morgan v. Virginia (1946) and other court rules that discriminated against African Americans. Martin Luther King used non-violent protests to fight back against the racism. In 1963, Martin Luther King was arrested for protesting in the streets of Birmingham, Alabama. While he was in jail, King wrote his famous letter Letter from Birmingham City Jail. President JFK then brought up legislation that led to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This made the government and oppressors very displeased with JFK.In the 1960s, Malcolm X and many other activists would be the leaders for the culture of the African Americans. Malcolm went against the mainstream civil rights act and encouraged Blacks to defend themselves by any means necessary. He began to start his own group as he would butt heads with the leader of the NOI (Nation of Islam). On February 21, 1965, Malcolm X was assassinated at a rally in New York. In 1966, Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale founded the Black Panthers and in the next year they were able to publish a new article. They began to find success in rallies. Bobby Seale read statement of protest and this lead to him and 30 other armed Panther to be arrested. They were getting message out there, regardless of the consequence. It did not take much time for the Panthers message to spread, influencing others outside of California. In October of the same year, Huey Newton (the Defense Minister for the Black Panthers) was arrested for killing an Oakland cop. In retaliation, fellow Panther, Eldridge Cleaver starts a movement called Free Huey. Following those events, former chairmen of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Stokely Carmichael joins the party and eventually becomes the Prime Minister. Carmichael denies whites to enter the Black Panther because he says they only want to have power over those in the party already. Carmichael states that, Whites who come into the black community with ideas of change seem to want to absolve the power structure of its responsibility for what it is doing, and say that change can only come through black unity, which is the worst kind of paternalism. In the following year, J Edgar Hoover and the FBI launch a program called the COINTELPRO. Their purpose was to disband any revolutionary groups in America. J. Edgar Hoover claims that the groups are the biggest threat to the internal security of our country. These groups included the Poor People’s March,