# Talk:Ivan I of Moscow

We give elder brother Yuri III with link to Yuri of Moscow in the text; predecessor "Yuri I" with link to Yuri of Moscow in the infobox. --P64 (talk) 19:36, 9 April 2015 (UTC)

This article could use inline citations in many places to show what sources these facts come from. I noticed a Sources heading that includes a couple references that may have been used for some of the article but there are no citations in the article specifying what facts came from which source. There is a Notes heading the has some cited references. I would recommend combining the Notes and Sources into one heading for all references.
ZacharyDickson (talk) 03:36, 7 November 2017 (UTC)

Actually the only sources used are the Dmytryshyn source and Rowell source. There is nothing indicated within the article that the Martin or Kluchevsky sources have been used. As for combining the Notes and Sources, I disagree, since neither the Martin or Kluchevsky have been cited inline. --Kansas Bear (talk) 05:24, 7 November 2017 (UTC)
Thanks for clarifying. Do you know why the Martin and Kluchevsky sources might have been included? --ZacharyDickson (talk) 05:48, 7 November 2017 (UTC)
Not really. They must have been added to the article at some point after its creation. --Kansas Bear (talk) 06:33, 7 November 2017 (UTC)

I added a short sentence regarding Ivan having built the Cathedral of Archangel Michael and also being the first to be buried there which is cited to a new reference.
ZacharyDickson (talk) 10:43, 28 November 2017 (UTC)

This review is transcluded from Talk:Ivan I of Moscow/GA1. The edit link for this section can be used to add comments to the review.
Nominator: Mellk (talk · contribs) 14:35, 4 February 2025 (UTC)
Reviewer: Borsoka (talk · contribs) 14:19, 13 February 2025 (UTC)
GA review – see WP:WIAGA for criteria

Is it well written?
A. The prose is clear and concise, and the spelling and grammar are correct: 

B. It complies with the manual of style guidelines for lead sections, layout, words to watch, fiction, and list incorporation: 

Is it verifiable with no original research, as shown by a source spot-check?
A. It contains a list of all references (sources of information), presented in accordance with the layout style guideline: 

B. Reliable sources are cited inline. All content that could reasonably be challenged, except for plot summaries and that which summarizes cited content elsewhere in the article, must be cited no later than the end of the paragraph (or line if the content is not in prose): 

C. It contains no original research: 

D. It contains no copyright violations nor plagiarism: 

Is it broad in its coverage?
A. It addresses the main aspects of the topic: 

B. It stays focused on the topic without going into unnecessary detail (see summary style): 

Is it neutral?
It represents viewpoints fairly and without editorial bias, giving due weight to each: 

Is it stable?
It does not change significantly from day to day because of an ongoing edit war or content dispute: 

Is it illustrated, if possible, by images?
A. Images are tagged with their copyright status, and valid non-free use rationales are provided for non-free content: 

B. Images are relevant to the topic, and have suitable captions: 

Overall:
Pass or Fail: 

Hi, I hope your nomination will be a success for both of us. Failing an article is always a failure for the reviewer as well. I love medieval Russian history. Borsoka (talk) 14:19, 13 February 2025 (UTC)

Hi Borsoka, thank you for taking the time to review this article. Mellk (talk) 05:29, 14 February 2025 (UTC)
Image review

File:Ivan Kalita.jpg: a source is needed and US PD tag is missing at Commons.
File:Печать Иван Калита.JPG: a source is needed and US PD tag is missing at Commons.
File:Духовная грамота Ивана Калиты.jpg: the source link cannot be opened and US PD tag is missing at Commons.
File:Facial Chronicle - b.07, p.446 - Death of Ivan Kalita.jpg: US PD tag is missing at Commons.
File:Simon Ushakov - Древо государства Московского (Похвала Богоматери Владимирской) - Google Art Project.jpg: US PD tag is missing at Commons. Is this picture highly relevant in the article's context? Borsoka (talk) 14:42, 13 February 2025 (UTC)
@Mellk: what about the above issues? Borsoka (talk) 01:57, 4 May 2025 (UTC)

@Borsoka: I am not too familiar with PD tags, can you give advice on what I can do to address this and how to correctly tag the files? Thank you. Mellk (talk) 12:02, 4 May 2025 (UTC)
I edited the first image at Commons. I hope the following diff link helps you to understand the use of the tag: [1]. Borsoka (talk) 02:29, 9 May 2025 (UTC)
Thank you, that helped. Can you let me know if I missed anything? Regarding the last image, I suppose it could help show how the subject was perceived in later centuries, but I am not sure if it is necessary to include in this article. What do you think? Mellk (talk) 10:05, 10 May 2025 (UTC)
Regarding the source link could not be opened, I found this page from the same website but a higher quality version. Is this something that could be used instead? I found an accessible page with the original image anyway. Mellk (talk) 10:10, 10 May 2025 (UTC)
My browser does not allow me to open the links because of security reasons. Could you add books as sources? Borsoka (talk) 02:00, 20 May 2025 (UTC)
There is an image of the testament on the online version of the Great Russian Encyclopedia. It is a different image but attributed to the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. At the moment I do not have access to the print version and some of the other sources. Mellk (talk) 13:38, 25 May 2025 (UTC)
Actually, I think I found what seems to be a similar image in Nikolai Borisov's Иван Калита (1995) but cropped and without color. Mellk (talk) 13:49, 25 May 2025 (UTC)
Source review

Mainly academic sources of high standard are cited.
Either mention or delete the place of publication at each title in the bibliography.
Fennel: Why is the full date necessary? Why "Univ"?
Gorsky, Kuchkin, and Shaikhutdinov: could you add an issn to each title? Borsoka (talk) 14:42, 13 February 2025 (UTC)
I have added the ISSN for Gorsky and Kuchkin. I do not think there is one for Shaikhutdinov. Mellk (talk) 05:30, 14 February 2025 (UTC)
Could you, please, quote the texts from the cited reliable sources verifying the following sentences here? 

Ivan Danilovich was the fourth son of Daniel of Moscow, the first prince of Moscow and founder of the Moscow branch of the Rurikid dynasty.
As Daniel died before becoming grand prince, his descendants were excluded from the title under the traditional practice of collateral succession.
Like his father, Ivan began incorporating the patrimonial principalities of other princes into his own domain to continue reversing the trend of territorial fragmentation that had led to the emergence of many new principalities from the Vladimir grand principality.
During the reign of Grand Duke Gediminas of Lithuania, a separate metropolitanate was established in Lithuania, likely soon after his accession
Epiphanius the Wise, the biographer of Sergius of Radonezh, also portrays Rostov as something akin to a province of Moscow.
As the agreement between Archbishop Vasily and Gediminas had not yet been implemented and Novgorod was left without any military protection, two embassies were sent to Ivan to request a temporary peace and to withdraw his troops.
Alexander returned to Tver in the autumn of 1338, in which the chronicles simply state that he was given permission to resume his activities as prince and that he had called for his spouse and children from Pskov. Borsoka (talk) 02:00, 9 June 2025 (UTC)
"Основатель московской династии и отец Ивана Калиты князь Даниил Александрович — самый неприметный из правивших тогда в Северо-Восточной Руси потомков Всеволода Большое Гнездо. Он родился в 1261 году и был младшим сыном Александра Невского... Когда родился княжич Иван — достоверно неизвестно. Летописцы не отметили такое малозначительное событие, как появление на свет еще одного, четвертого сына в семье Даниила Московского. Вероятно, это произошло около 1288 года."
"Far more important in the eyes of contemporaries, however, was the fact that the founder of the Moscow line of the dynasty, Daniel, died in 1303 before inheriting the office of grand prince, thus, by tradition, disqualifying his descendants from the succession for ever. His heirs, therefore, had no stake in the traditional order of succession to the grand princely throne. They were therefore willing to try radical new methods to increase their power and defeat their rivals."
"From the late thirteenth century Prince Daniil of Moscow and his heirs also began to reverse the trend of territorial fragmentation by attaching the patrimonial principalities of other Vsevolodichi to their own domain."
"The real danger to the unity of the Russian Church... lay in the establishment of a separate metropolitan see of Lithuania. The first metropolitan was appointed between the years 1315 and 1317, probably shortly after Gedimin's accession in 1316."
"...there is also the later evidence of the biographer of St. Sergy of Radonezh, who portrays Rostov under Ivan I as little more than a province of Moscow, suffering under Muscovite boyars and subjected to an oppressive Moscow-appointed governor."
"There was nothing the Novgorodians could do to resist or ward off the depredations of the grand prince; the agreement of 1331 between Archbishop Yasily and Gedimin had not yet been implemented and Novgorod was without any form of military protection except for her own inadequate army... Two embassies, the first led by Lavrenty, archimandrite of the Yur'ev monastery, the second by Archbishop Vasily, were sent to Ivan to ask for a temporary peace and to urge him to evacuate the districts which his troops had occupied; the archbishop offered him a gift of five hundred rubles."
"Aleksandr Mikhaylovich arrived back in Tver' from the Horde in the autumn of 1338. Most of the chronicles say nothing of the circumstances of his return—they merely state that he had been given permission by the khan to resume his activities as prince of Tver' and that he had sent for his wife and children from Pskov."
Mellk (talk) 13:25, 15 June 2025 (UTC)
Also quote from Favereau: "The Russian who led the Mongol force that defeated Alexander was Ivan of Moscow, Iurii’s brother. Ivan had no right to the throne by virtue of the lestvitsa, but he knew that the true power to confirm the grand prince’s appointment came from the khan and so pursued Özbek’s favor... To secure his position, Ivan expanded the Daniilovichi territories through military means, land purchases, and marital and religious alliances. The land purchases enabled Moscow to absorb surrounding principalities, a policy reflected in Ivan’s distinctive sobriquet: Kalita, meaning money bag." Mellk (talk) 13:35, 15 June 2025 (UTC)
Comments

I suggest expand the first section with two or three sentences about Russia in this period, expecially explaining the role of Mongols, grand princes, mentioning some principalities, and introduce Novgorod.
Link "prince of Moscow" in the first section's first sentence.
Link "grand prince of Vladimir" in the first section's second sentence.
...her name may have been Agrippina based on the information of a liturgical text Rephrase. Could you specify the liturgical text or clarify that it is a contemporary/15th-century/16th-century/... Russian Orthodox/... liturgical text?
...the birth of another son... Perhaps "the birth of a fourth son"?
..., according to the Julian calendar Is this necessary?
In addition, the conception of John the Baptist is commemorated on 23 September, and Ivan was named after the saint. In addition? Why is this feast day relevant in the article's context. I would only mention that he was named after John the Baptist in the previous paragraph.
...was invited to reign... By whom?
...the governors of his older brother Andrey were expelled... Does this refer to Andrey's rule in Novgorod? If yes, clarify it.
Ivan was sent to Novgorod by his father... I assume this means that "Instead of moving to Novgorod, Daniel appointed Iven to rule the city on his behalf."
...was again invited to reign in Novgorod By whom? I would rephrase to avoid repetition.
According to the historian Nikolay Borisov [ru], Ivan was likely born around 1288, as the sons of princes were unable to be given such roles before the age of seven. I would mention this in the first paragraph.
...by his son Yury ... Eldest/second/third son? Link Yury.
I would move the paragraph about his sobriquet to section "Legacy" because it is quite out of context in the first section. Borsoka (talk) 04:22, 14 February 2025 (UTC)
I agree with your suggestions, I have tried to implement them now. Mellk (talk) 06:23, 14 February 2025 (UTC)
After the death of his elder brother Yury in 1325, who was murdered by Dmitry of Tver,... Rephrase to be more concise. Also explain the causes of the murder with two or three words.
After his elder brother Yury... Delete "his elder brother" and delink Yury (Yury is already linked in the previous section.)
Delink Özbeg Khan in the second section.
...while the title of grand prince... We were not previously informed that Yury was grand prince. Please also explain the significance of the title of grand princes.
Alexander struggled to collect taxes for the khan... Who is the khan? Why did Alexander collect taxes for him?
...to send a punitive force led by Ivan ... I would mention in a separate sentence that Ivan was appointed to lead the expedition and explain why.
Russian chronicles say that the deputy had intended to make himself ruler and destroy the Christian faith, though whatever was his intention, he had mistreated the locals and provoked a revolt. This should be mentioned earlier, not after the revolt is crushed.
...deputy had intended ... he had mistreated... Why past perfect?
...Ivan presented himself before Özbeg... Rephrase? Why?
...he was given... By whom?
... for their role in crushing Tver... Alexander Vasilyevich's role in crushing the revolt is not previously mentioned? Did they crush Tver?
Due to his failure to deliver Alexander of Tver to the khan, Ivan was denied the full title. Move this before the previous sentence and rephrase.
...at extraditing Alexander of Tver... Extraditing?
...is alleged to have said: "O my brothers ...." Name the primary source of the quote.
...testablished that the princes of Moscow had first claim on... Rephrase.
...Ivan became the sole grand prince... We are not previously informed that anybody had been made grand prince.
The succession and seniority norms which had been honored for centuries... I do not understand. First the norms should be introduced.
...the trend of fragmentation started by his father... We are not previously informed that his father had started "a trend of fragmentation". What does it mean exactly?
...Ivan was credited ... Why not future-in-the-past?
Although some scholars... Could you name one or two? Alternatively, if theirs is the majority view, mention it.
Some historians... One or two examples?
A number of historians and theories are listed, but they are not associated with each other? Borsoka (talk) 17:38, 25 February 2025 (UTC)
Unfortunately Fennell does not specify the position of each historian. He lists the theories and in the footnote it says: "Broadly speaking these are the views of Karamzin, Solov'ev, Klyuchevsky, Chicherin, Sergeevich, Lyubavsky, Presnyakov and Nasonov". I will try to do some further reading to see who supported which theory. Mellk (talk) 07:46, 27 February 2025 (UTC)
...the princes of those districts were given certain proprietary rights... Perhaps "retained certain proprietary rights". Why "certain"? If the adjective is indeed necessary, add some examples.
Others... Are these historians/scholars? One or two examples?
..., a policy reflected in his sobriquet Delete, because it is explained in the Legacy section.
The khan at the start of Ivan's reign was content with allowing the Muscovite prince to enjoy undisputed supremacy. Rephrase.
As a result, Ivan was able to use the funds he acquired to buy out insolvent princes and purchase villages in other principalities. The purchase of principalities is mentioned in the previous paragraph, so the paragraph should be restructured.}}
...to have the Mongols... Who are the Mongols. Borsoka (talk) 05:01, 15 February 2025 (UTC)
I have tried clarifying the part about succession and the office of grand prince. I added a sentence about his father Daniel being excluded from the title of grand prince due to the practice of collateral succession (if there needs to be a bit more explanation here then I can add some words). I also mentioned when Yury was grand prince and how he lost the title.
I added more detail about the revolt in Tver and aftermath, the division of the grand principality and why Ivan became grand prince. Fennell and Crummey do not mention Alexander failing to pay taxes, rather they state that that this was a deliberate provocation by Özbeg, so I have removed the mention of this. If there needs to be any additional changes here, let me know. Thanks. Mellk (talk) 11:25, 16 February 2025 (UTC)
Try to rephrase the sentences: "Several scholarly theories exist..., with some arguing. Others say..." Borsoka (talk) 12:33, 4 March 2025 (UTC)
@Mellk:, did I miss something? Please ping me if you think all above issues were addressed. Borsoka (talk) 02:12, 20 February 2025 (UTC)
Hi Borsoka, I just need to address the last three points. I'll try to get this done today. Thanks. Mellk (talk) 13:04, 20 February 2025 (UTC)
@Borsoka: I've tried to address the above issues now. Thanks. Mellk (talk) 20:09, 20 February 2025 (UTC)
The new Russian Orthodox metropolitan, Peter, had found himself caught in the rivalry between Tver and Moscow, as Mikhail of Tver made repeated attempts to unseat Peter. Mikhail died in 1318, and the previous section began in 1325. For me, the second part of the sentence ("as..."), does not explain the first part.
In 1325, Peter established... Delete "In 1325".
..., which was built using stone. Why is this relevant?
Peter had intended... Why past perfect?
..., and therefore the religious center of the country... Why "therefore".
Moscow would become... Why future in the past? I understand, with the transfer of the seat of the metropolitan it had become the spiritual seat of Russia.
..., pursued policies that... Delete.
During the first four years of his tenure, the Dormition Cathedral was completed and an additional four stone churches were constructed. What is the relevance of this sentence from Ivan's perspective?
By the end of 1331, Theognostus was able to restore ecclesiastical control over Lithuania and he closed the metropolitan sees of Galicia and Lithuania, thus frustrating the efforts of Gediminas (Gedimin) of Lithuania at territorial expansion. Some context?
..., thus frustrating the efforts of Gediminas at territorial expansion Delete.
Link canonization.
Clarify that Calecas was the patriarch of Constantinople and explain the patriarchs' role with two or three sentences.
Explain why a document was needed from the patriarch.
...to recommend the start of liturgical veneration... I do not understand. Perhaps "to sanction Peter's veneration"? Link veneration.
Introduce Fennel, Meyendorff, and Presnyakov with one or two words.
Was there only one khan during Ivan's reign?
...which refers to the principalities... I guess these were mainly tiny principalities. If yes, this should be clarified? Where were these principalities located?
...that had been distributed among... When?
These include reports of military action by "all the princes of Suzdal" under the orders of Ivan, his right to purchase lands, and Muscovite administration in princely patrimonies and dynastic marriages. Rephrase.
...and the management of princely patrimonies and dynastic marriages under Muscovite administration... I do not understand the reference to the marriages.
...into two halves... Delete "two halves".
...was seemingly obedient to... Why seemingly?
The biographer... Whose?
When a principality is mentioned, I would link the article about the principality instead of the one about its seat.
..., with the exception of Fyodor Ivanovich of Starodub, who was executed in 1330 by the khan for unknown reasons What is the statement's relevance from Ivan's perspective?
..., who appeared to have been partisans of Alexander of Tver Why "appeared to have been"?
What is the vykhod?
Who is Ivan Korotopol? Borsoka (talk) 01:44, 11 March 2025 (UTC)
Hi Borsoka, sorry for the delay. The Dormition Cathedral was the first stone church in Moscow, so I think it is worth mentioning that this. In the older cities (Vladimir, Suzdal etc.), there was a lack of new architectural development following the Mongol conquest. The first stone churches in Tver were built in the late 13th century. The large-scale masonry building in Moscow in the 14th century (and the development of a new architectural school) reflects the political power being shifted (at this point, Vladimir was only formally the capital).
Somehow the relevance of the building project should be explained in the article. "During Ivan's reign, Moscow flourished/quickly developed, as it is demonstrated by ...", or something similar. Borsoka (talk) 02:15, 12 March 2025 (UTC)
I also originally linked the seats of certain principalities (e.g. Bryansk) and particularly appanage principalities because, unfortunately, we do not have articles for those and the only information about those principalities is mentioned in the articles about the towns. I suppose we could try interlanguage links if necessary?
OK, I understand. I think interlanguage links are not helpful (but this is my very personal opinion :) ). Borsoka (talk) 02:15, 12 March 2025 (UTC)
I am currently working through your suggestions and I will hopefully finish this off by the end of the day or tomorrow. Mellk (talk) 16:42, 11 March 2025 (UTC)
Apologies again for the delay, I was busy the past week IRL. I think I have covered all the points now. Mellk (talk) 05:54, 19 March 2025 (UTC)
I have removed the sentence about Mikhail of Tver having made some attempts to unseat the metropolitan for now since this predates Ivan's reign. I think mentioning that the metropolitan found an ally in the prince of Moscow is sufficient here. Mellk (talk) 05:24, 19 March 2025 (UTC)
Introduce Presnyakov.
Gediminas, the grand duke of Lithuania, began... Delete ", the grand duke of Lithuania,".
Gediminas, the grand duke of Lithuania, began to actively interfere in the affairs of Moscow as a result of the ecclesiastical policy of the metropolitan. I do not understand.
I still do not understand. Some explanation is needed about the metropolitan's ecclesiastical policy. Who is the metropolitan?
...the archbishop David (r. 1309–1325) and his successor Moisey (r. 1325–1330) I assume they were archbishop of Novgorod.
...whether it was of his own free will or not,... Delete.
...but also special assessments... I am not sure I understand it.
Introduce Torzhok as a city in Novgorodian territory.
...his governors from Novgorod... Did he enter Novgorod as well?
As the agreement had not yet been implemented... Which agreement?
...a temporary peace and for him to withdraw his troops... Delete "for him".
..., who offered him 500 rubles Whom?
...despite his excommunication... Whose?
...by the metropolitan in 1334... Name him.
...to his seat in Vladimir... We were previously informed that Moscow became the metropolitan's seat.
Ivan retaliated by burning the towns of Osechen and Ryasna "and many other fortresses as well" Were these Lithuanian towns and fortresses?
Upon Ivan's return to Moscow, the archbishop, posadnik and tysyatsky went to Moscow after he had requested a Novgorodian delegation visit him, but the chronicler does not mention that any agreement was reached. Rephrase to follow chronology: he requests a delegation, the delegates go to Moscow, and no agreement is reached. Borsoka (talk) 04:52, 22 March 2025 (UTC)
@Borsoka: I think I have addressed all of these points except the third one (Gediminas interfering in Moscow's affairs). I am not sure if it is better to leave this out since this section is about Novgorod specifically. I am also not planning any further extended wikibreaks so this week I should be able to work on this. If I am unexpectedly busy again, I will make sure to let you know in advance. Apologies again for the previous lack of communication. Mellk (talk) 00:35, 22 April 2025 (UTC)
@Mellk: when do you think you will have time to address the above issues (including the onew mentioned during the image review)? Borsoka (talk) 12:39, 14 April 2025 (UTC)

Comment: @Borsoka and Mellk: where are we at with this review? It doesn't look like there's been much activity recently and I just wanted to check in. IntentionallyDense (Contribs) 17:34, 19 April 2025 (UTC)
@IntentionallyDense and Borsoka:. Sorry for the delay. I was busy IRL for most of the past month and I did not have access to the relevant sources. I will be able to work on this tomorrow. Mellk (talk) 20:07, 20 April 2025 (UTC)
sounds good. IntentionallyDense (Contribs) 22:14, 20 April 2025 (UTC)
...Alexander sent his son Fyodor to the Horde, who returned to Tver rather than Pskov in 1335... Rephrase. Do we know why he preferred Tver to Pskov?
...however, historians have suggested... Could you name one or two?
Alexander was convinced that it would be safe for him to make a trip to the Horde, after being persuaded by Ivan and assured by the Tatar official, and he was prepared to discuss his reinstatement as prince. Simplify.
Some historians have explained Alexander's reinstatement as an attempt to set up Tver against Moscow again, such as Lev Cherepnin, who stated that "the Horde was scared by the swift rise of the principality of Moscow" and that the khan may have been displeased with the methods that Ivan used to collect tribute. Rephrase.
The two variants of Ivan's testament were probably written in 1339... We are not previously informed that he wrote two variants.
{xt|Ivan also had to contend with three rivals for the title of grand prince based on traditional succession practices, which included two princes of Tver and one prince of Suzdal, as the eliminating process had taken place almost a century prior and the yarlyk was confined the descendants of Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, excluding the heirs of his brothers Konstantin of Rostov and Sviatoslav of Yuryev.}} Rephrase.
Do we know why he died? (Illness? Some specific illness?)
...Ivan even acquired an aura of sanctity in the eyes of future generations Closely paraphrased?
... Peter's patron... Who is Peter? We are not previously informed that Ivan was his patron.
..., acquired an aura of sanctity in the eyes of later generations Repetition. Borsoka (talk) 02:48, 27 April 2025 (UTC)
I think I have addressed these points. There is no cause of death that I could find, presumably this was of natural causes. Mellk (talk) 06:28, 2 May 2025 (UTC)
(Lead) ...until his death in 1340 Delete the reference to the year.
(Lead) His rival, Aleksandr of Tver, was forced to flee his own principality in 1327 after Özbeg Khan of the Golden Horde dispatched a punitive force led by Ivan and Aleksandr of Suzdal to suppress an anti-Tatar uprising in Tver. Rephrase the sentence.
(Lead) At the start of his reign, the seat of the Russian Orthodox Church was moved to Moscow and Ivan formed an alliance with the metropolitan. I would explain the reasons of this shift and name the metropolitans. Borsoka (talk) 02:00, 9 June 2025 (UTC)
I have tried to rephrase this. Please let me know if it can be improved further. Thanks. Mellk (talk) 14:11, 15 June 2025 (UTC)
I am happy to announce that this is a good article. Thank you for completing it. For further ideas to improve it, you can request a peer review. Borsoka (talk) 17:15, 19 June 2025 (UTC)

Thank you Borsoka for reviewing it. Mellk (talk) 15:51, 20 June 2025 (UTC)

Obviously, what follows should be left out of the article, but said article appearing in the main page DYK reminded me of this. The name Ivan is the Russian equivalent of John. Kalita means bags of money. One could loosely translate his name as John(ny) Cash. Hellbus (talk) 03:01, 12 July 2025 (UTC)