# Talk:Death toll of the Nanjing Massacre

The first citation by Masaaki Tanaka states "Hora Tomio and others who share his views are convinced that approximately 200,000 persons (including 70,000-80,000 civilians) were killed in Nanking." The second book does mention Hora Tomio. Maybe you're reading the wrong page or a different edition. "Hora estimated that some 100,000 combatants were killed while fighting and that 100,000 civilians were killed during and after the battle."CurtisNaito (talk) 10:22, 14 February 2014 (UTC)

Right, but when it says "Hora Tomio and others who share his views" the next sentence says, "Hora also cites the number of dead in the six counties surrounding Nanking as stated in Smythe’s report." Moreover, I found out what the problem was; the second book mistakingly references Hora Tomio as Hora Tornio (Note the RN vs the M).   If a book can't even get his name right, I wonder if it qualifies as a reliable source.  Banzaiblitz (talk) 11:02, 14 February 2014 (UTC)
You must be using a bad copy of the second book. The copy I own doesn't contain that spelling error. As for the first book, I suppose you can add the six surrounding counties part back. I read Tanaka's book some time ago and I had assumed that Hora was including the surrounding counties in his estimate of 300,000 for deaths between Shanghai itself up to Nanking. In fact I recall that this is true from reading Hora's own book on the subject. However, I don't have the book on me right now so for the time being, you can add back the part about the six counties, though like I said I still need to go and verify whether Hora put the extra counties into the 200,000 figure or his larger 300,000 figure which includes Shanghai.CurtisNaito (talk) 11:15, 14 February 2014 (UTC)
Sorry, I accidentally pressed the "undo" button before I had given an explanation, just give a second to type it in.CurtisNaito (talk) 23:18, 14 February 2014 (UTC)
Sorry, what I wanted to ask was if you have read Jonathon Spence's book. I don't have a copy with me right now but I read it at the time I first made this article and from what I recall, Spence doesn't say that 50,000 people were massacred in Nanking. I recall that he says that 50,000 was the reported figure, but he made clear that this was not his own opinion. He didn't state his own opinion, and I would just guess that the 50,000 "reported" figure was just a repetition of Miner Searle Bates' estimate which is already on the table.CurtisNaito (talk) 23:22, 14 February 2014 (UTC)
By the way, for the record I also favor deleting Frank Capra. I highly doubt Capra was not just repeating the estimates of either Bates or Smythe which are already on the table.CurtisNaito (talk) 23:25, 14 February 2014 (UTC)
I think Edgar Snow should be deleted for the same reason. I read the relevant part of his book on Google Books, and he explicitly wrote that he cited the number from Bates. Also, the Kaikosha study, from their book Nankin Senshi, seems to be a self-published source, and thus should be removed. Judging from information on the Google Books page and this webpage, this WW2 Japanese veteran foundation (obviously with conflict of interest, WP:IS) did not only commission this book, but served as its publisher as well. Also, in Kaikosha's curent book catalog a subsequent volume of the Nankin Senshi series is listed in the category of self-published books.  Remotepluto (talk) 04:21, 1 March 2014 (UTC)

I favor deleting Edgar Snow, but we should keep Kaikosha. No self-published source is cited here because Kaikosha's figure is itself one of the most widely discussed and cited estimates for the death toll of the Nanking Massacre which has ever been made. Kaikosha's estimates were calculated in extreme detail and since then almost entire books have been written by Japan's leading scholars attempting to either reaffirm or call into question Kaikosha's work. Itakura Yoshiaki's work "Honto Wa Ko Datta Nankin Jiken" includes several chapters exclusively devoted to reaffirming parts of Kaikosha's research and the prominent historian Hando Kazutoshi considers Kaikosha's estimates to be the best available and has reprinted it in some of his works. By contrast, every single chapter in the book "Nanking Daigyakusatsu No Kenkyu", edited by Hora Tomio, Fujiwara Akira, and Honda Katsuichi, includes a rejoinder seeking to rebut an aspect of Kaikosha's estimate.CurtisNaito (talk) 04:35, 1 March 2014 (UTC)

The article currently cites Handou's published opinion as that of a "scholar or eyewitness". He was seven years old at the time so I'm assuming the implicationis that he is a "scholar" rather than an eyewitness. He is not a scholar: he got his BA in Japanese literature before becoming an editor at the literary magazine Bungei Shunjuu in the early 1950s. He has apparently been there ever since.
Additionally, I wonder why these particular authors have been selected for inclusion in the table: if non-historians with exceptionally low estimates are included, then what about historians in other fields who give exceptionally high estimates? Herbert Ziegler's view (400,000) is far out and apparently far above the scholarly consensus. But he expressed it in a world history textbook that is apparently used on college campuses in the United States. I certainly don't think a tertiary source, a world history textbook written by an American historian who apparently has little interest in either China or Japan, should be cited alongside the specialists, but why are the only westerners and Japanese non-historians cited those who give low estimates?
It looks very much like the list has been handcrafted to imply that the Chinese government says 300,000, no one else says anything above or even approaching that, some Japanese historians say 200,000 or 100,000+ and others (more) including both Japanese and western "scholars" (undefined, but apparently including popular essayists and magazine publishers) say less than 100,000. This is not an especially good assessment of the sources, and would seem to also be a non-NPOV breakdown of the scholarly consensus.
As much as it pains me to say this, being as I am a lover of Japan and someone with an ambivalent view of the Chinese government's attitude to this (I agree their estimate is high).
Hijiri 88 (聖やや) 13:41, 25 May 2015 (UTC)
And yes, I am implying that I don't think this article meets the NPOV criterion of GA articles. The above GA review failed to address said criterion -- "neutral" and "NPOV" appeared nowhere in the discussion. Hijiri 88 (聖やや) 13:50, 25 May 2015 (UTC)

I'm fine with adding some more estimates to the table. In fact, I once added an estimate of 400,000 deaths onto the table, but it was deleted by another user. Furthermore, I never cited Handou Toshikazu's estimate. Handou Toshikazu uses the same estimate as Kaikosha, so including his estimate would be repetition. What I cited was Shigeharu Matsumoto's estimate. He was a journalist who did reporting in Nanking within a few months of the massacre taking place. When I first wrote the table I included only historians specializing in the Nanking Massacre and works of history specifically about the massacre, rather than general works, but it doesn't necessarily have to be that way. Other users have added in non-specialist works and I never objected. I think the article should definitely mention some estimates in excess of 300,000 and less than 40,000. However, I didn't really want to give too much prominence to them because Bob Wakabayashi, representing a large consortium of historians, explicitly said that 40,000 to 200,000 was the "scholarly valid" range. When a large number of leading historians say that numbers outside a certain range are not "scholarly valid", it's a good sign that these numbers represent the minority. As I said though, I'm fine with briefly mentioning more higher and lower estimates.CurtisNaito (talk) 15:10, 25 May 2015 (UTC)
Why are you talking about what you added or didn't add? I haven't looked at the page history in detail, so I don't know who added or removed what. I can only comment on the article that's there before me, and I didn't mention any user in particular. I don't think this article meets the GA criteria, and I think the previous GA discussion failed to address said criteria. Hijiri 88 (聖やや) 15:41, 25 May 2015 (UTC)
I have added estimates in excess of 300,000, but they were repeatedly deleted by other users. I'm okay with re-adding some estimates in excess of 300,000. The article is already neutral though. It emphasizes the scholarly consensus of 40,000 to 200,000 while still mentioning that estimates outside that range also exist.CurtisNaito (talk) 15:47, 25 May 2015 (UTC)
I don't see any serious problems with neutrality here. The scholarly consensus is clearly 40,000 to 200,000. We don't need to spend too much space on fringe figures. Ahiroy (talk) 21:55, 25 May 2015 (UTC)

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Hi. I'd liked to request that this article be broadened out to include the various total death tolls of Japans war crimes given that Nanking was just a sample of what Japan was doing. It seems that there already is a article on the death toll of the holocaust on wikipedia titled Holocaust Victims. I do firmly believe that this needs to be taken with caution though because of the fact that measuring state sponsered famine and diseases in addition to the direct massacres of civilians. There seems to be a really weird statistic that seems to be flying around the internet that states that at least 30 million were killed, but that statistic which is usually attributed to Bryan Mark Riggs as shown in the first citation below seems to leave me with question marks. It's important to take into account that Mark Riggs in his book Japans Holocaust where he coins that minimum of 30 million seems to suggest that he has connections to Peter Li, whom is the actual individual who made the 30 million to 50 million estimate. While Peter includes the 50 million estimate as his primary guess on the body count, I read somewhere that his actual estimates are inbetween 30 to 50 million(I just can't find out where I read that).
https://books.google.com/books?id=q4nhEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT1&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=1#v=snippet&q=peter&f=false
https://www.linkedin.com/in/peter-li-b589783a
https://vancouversun.com/news/metro/douglas-todd-lest-we-overlook-the-asian-holocaust
https://www.proquest.com/docview/215886542?sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals
The problem is that everyone needs to understand that it is completely illegal to research Mao Zedong’s body count in China and as a result many Chinese historians have a bad habit of unfortunately using Mao’s body count to Japans body count as a result. Pointing this out should not be the same as denying the millions upon millions that were killed by the Japanese military throughout it’s campaign of aggression. Both Japan and China feed off one anthers historical revisionism as a result of both countries failing to confront their own history.
https://uselesstree.typepad.com/useless_tree/2013/02/great-leap-famine-denial.html
https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB112370720480510111
http://www.cecc.gov/events/hearings/preservation-memory-combating-ccps-historical-revisionism-and-erasure-culture
https://thefulcrum.us/civic-engagement-education/china-world-war-ii
https://www.amazon.com/Chinas-Good-War-Shaping-Nationalism/dp/0674984269
Measuring Japans body count means having to measure out the death various other asian dictatorships whether it be Mao Zedong’s regime that killed up to 70 million people, the Korean war that killed around 3 million people, and so on.

I am perfectly fine with including the 30 million or more estimate, but the Wikipedia article on Japans war crimes is way too reliant on Rigg’s book as a source and I firmly think it warrant's an investigation to see if the citation of his book needs to be toned down. We have to be mindful that it was not till Mao’s death in 1976 when Japans wrongdoing was highly researched and that the 80’s was when Japan finally face pressure over it’s role during and before the second world war.
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/10/china-japan-world-war-ii-tokyo-trial/675660/
https://theasanforum.org/chinese-views-of-japanese-history/
https://academic.oup.com/ia/article/98/3/1053/6549854#353135159 Undeadmerc3 (talk) 03:24, 14 January 2025 (UTC)