Columbia subject headings:
Elite (Social sciences)--Africa.
Elite (Social sciences)--Middle East.
Islamic civilization.
Slavery--Africa.
Slavery--Middle East.
Harvard subject headings:
Elite (Social sciences)--Africa--History--Congresses.
Elite (Social sciences)--Middle East--History--Congresses.
Islamic civilization--Congresses
Slavery and Islam--History--Congresses.
Slavery--Africa--History--Congresses.
Slavery--Cross-cultural studies--Congresses.
Slavery--Middle East--History--Congresses.
Princeton subject headings:
Elite (Social sciences)--Africa.
Elite (Social sciences)--Middle East.
Islamic civilization.
Slavery and Islam--Middle East--History.
Slavery--Africa.
Slavery--Middle East.