Columbia subject headings:
Harvard subject headings:
China--Foreign relations--Germany.
China--Foreign relations--Japan.
Germany--Foreign relations--China.
Japan--Foreign relations--China.
Qingdao (China)--History.
Princeton subject headings:
China--Foreign relations--Germany.
China--Foreign relations--Japan.
Germany--Foreign relations--China.
Japan--Foreign relations--China.
Qingdao (China)--History.