Columbia subject headings:
Nationalism--Arab countries.
Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918.
Turkey--Politics and government--1878-1909.
Turkey--Politics and government--1909-1919.
Turkey--Politics and government--19th century.
Harvard subject headings:
Arab countries--History--1517-1918.
Arab countries--Relations--Turkey.
Nationalism--Arab countries
Turkey--Relations--Arab countries.
Princeton subject headings: