Columbia subject headings:
Africa, Sub-Saharan--Economic conditions.
Africa, Sub-Saharan--Emigration and immigration--Government policy.
Africa, Sub-Saharan--Politics and government.
Human smuggling--Africa, Sub-Saharan.
Illegal immigration--Europe.
Noncitizens--Europe.
Harvard subject headings:
Africa--Emigration and immigration--Economic aspects.
Africa--Emigration and immigration.
Africans--Europe.
Europe--Emigration and immigration
Illegal immigration--Europe.
Noncitizens--Europe.
Princeton subject headings:
Africa--Emigration and immigration--Economic aspects.
Africa--Emigration and immigration.
Africans--Europe.
Europe--Emigration and immigration.
Illegal aliens--Europe.