Columbia subject headings:
Islam and politics--Turkey.
Islam and state--Turkey.
Pan-Turanianism.
Turkey--Politics and government--1829-1878.
Turkey--Politics and government--1878-1909.
Harvard subject headings:
Islam and politics--Turkey.
Islam and state--Turkey.
Pan-Turanianism.
Turkey--Politics and government--1829-1878.
Turkey--Politics and government--1878-1909.
Princeton subject headings:
Islam and politics--Turkey.
Islam and state--Turkey.
Turkey--Intellectual life--19th century.