Columbia subject headings:
Arab countries--History--1517-1918.
Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918.
Harvard subject headings:
Arab countries--Foreign relations--Turkey.
Arab countries--History--1517-1918.
Turkey--Foreign relations--Arab countries.
Turkey--History--1453-1683.
Princeton subject headings:
Arab countries--History--1517-1918.
Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918.