Columbia subject headings:
Cities and towns, Ancient--Turkey.
City-states--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Municipal government--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Political participation--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Turkey--History--To 1453.
Harvard subject headings:
Cities and towns, Ancient--Turkey.
City-states--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Municipal government--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Political participation--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Turkey--History--To 1453.
Princeton subject headings:
Cities and towns, Ancient--Turkey.
City-states--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Municipal government--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Political participation--Turkey--History--To 1500.
Turkey--History--To 1453.