Columbia subject headings:
Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918.
Turkey--Social conditions--1288-1918.
Harvard subject headings:
Africa, North--Civilization.
Middle East--Civilization.
Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918.
Princeton subject headings:
Middle East--History--1517-
Middle East--History--1914-1923.
Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918.