Columbia subject headings:
Ardahan (Turkey)--History.
Batum (Georgia)--History.
Elviye-i Selâse Region (Turkey and Georgia)--Politics and government.
Georgia (Republic)--History--1801-1917.
Kars İli (Turkey)--Politics and government.
Turkey--History--1878-1909.
Harvard subject headings:
Ardahan (Turkey)--History.
Batumi (Georgia)--History.
Georgia (Republic)--History.
Kars (Turkey)--History.
Russia--History--1801-1917.
Turkey--History--19th century.
Turkey--History--20th century.
Princeton subject headings:
Ardahan İli (Turkey)--History.
Batumi (Georgia)--History.
Caucasus--History--Revolution, 1917-1921.
Cenubı̂garbı̂ Kafkas Hükûmeti Muvakkata-i Milliyyesi.
Kars İli (Turkey)--History.
Turkey--History--Revolution, 1918-1923.