Columbia subject headings:
Anti-Catholicism--Germany--History--19th century.
Anti-Catholicism--Italy--History--19th century.
Church and state--Germany--History--19th century.
Church and state--Italy--History--19th century.
Kulturkampf.
Secularization.
Harvard subject headings:
Anti-Catholicism--Germany--History--19th century.
Anti-Catholicism--Italy--History--19th century.
Catholic Church--Germany--History--19th century.
Catholic Church--Italy--History--19th century.
Church and state--Germany--History--19th century
Church and state--Italy--History--19th century
Secularization--Germany--History--19th century.
Secularization--Italy--History--19th century.
Princeton subject headings: