Columbia subject headings:
Islam and secularism--Turkey.
Turkey--History--Tanzimat, 1839-1876.
Turkey--Politics and government--1829-1878.
Harvard subject headings:
Islam and secularism--Turkey.
Turkey--History--Tanzimat, 1839-1876.
Turkey--Politics and government--1829-1878.
Princeton subject headings:
Islam and state--Turkey--19th century.
Turkey--History--Tanzimat, 1839-1876.