Columbia subject headings:
Africa--Foreign relations--Europe, Western--Congresses.
Atlantic Ocean Region--Commerce--Congresses.
Europe, Western--Foreign relations--Africa--Congresses.
Slave trade--History--Congresses.
Harvard subject headings:
Africa--Civilization--Western influences.
Africa--Economic conditions--To 1918.
Africa--Foreign economic relations--Europe.
Africa--Foreign relations--Europe, Western--Congresses.
Atlantic Ocean Region--Commerce--Congresses.
Europe, Western--Foreign relations--Africa--Congresses.
Europe--Civilization--African influences.
Europe--Economic conditions.
Europe--Foreign economic relations--Africa.
Slave trade--History--Congresses.
Princeton subject headings:
Africa--Civilization--Western influences.
Africa--Economic conditions--To 1918.
Africa--Foreign economic relations--Europe.
Europe--Civilization--African influences.
Europe--Economic conditions.
Europe--Foreign economic relations--Africa.